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Assessing driving risk in patients with glaucoma
ABSTRACT Glaucoma is the leading cause of irreversible blindness worldwide and can affect a broad array of daily activities, including driving. Recently, studies investigating the relationship between driving performance and glaucoma have received a great deal of interest. Assessment of driving behavior is not straightforward because driving is a complex skill involving significant multi-tasking ability. In this review, we summarize recent work from clinical studies investigating how glaucoma can affect driving performance. Patients with glaucoma are more likely to be involved in motor vehicle collisions when compared to h...
Source: Arquivos Brasileiros de Oftalmologia - May 16, 2019 Category: Opthalmology Source Type: research

Is it always blepharitis? Urbach-Wiethe syndrome (lipoid proteinosis)
ABSTRACT A 12-year-old girl presented with recurrent crusty debris and dandruff at the base of both eyelashes despite having completed different medical treatments. She had had a hoarse voice since her early childhood. Upon anterior segment examination of the eyes, we found yellow-white, bead-like papules on the margins of the eyelids. An otolaryngologist detected multiple nodules on the vocal cords and buccal mucosa. Ultrasonography revealed salivary stones in the main parotid ducts. And a dermatological examination revealed thickened skin lesions on the elbows and knees with a biopsy showing histopathological findings of...
Source: Arquivos Brasileiros de Oftalmologia - May 16, 2019 Category: Opthalmology Source Type: research

Atypical presentation of fibroepithelial polyp: a report of two cases
ABSTRACT Fibroepithelial polyps are benign non-epithelial tumors arising from mesodermal tissue and are commonly found on the skin. They can develop on the eyelid and surrounding area and rarely appear at other sites. While most cutaneous cases are diagnosed incidentally, the lesions may be symptomatic based on their location. The etiology of fibroepithelial polyps is not fully understood but may involve trauma, chronic irritation, allergic factors, and developmental or congenital causes. Although fibroepithelial polyps are benign lesions, they can be malignant in extremely rare cases. Herein we discuss 2 cases of fibroepi...
Source: Arquivos Brasileiros de Oftalmologia - May 16, 2019 Category: Opthalmology Source Type: research

Brimonidine-induced unilateral ocular lichen planus: a case report
This report was written to describe a case of unilateral brimonidine-induced conjunctival lichen planus. Because the ophthalmic examination indicated chronic conjunctivitis or drug-induced pseudopemphigoid, the patient underwent thorough ophthalmic and systemic examinations, as well as conjunctival biopsy and direct immunofluorescence studies. A 71-year-old woman with unilateral left eye findings of chronic conjunctivitis was referred to our Ophthalmology Department. The patient reported that chronic conjunctivitis began shortly after she initiated use of topical brimonidine. Ophthalmic examination revealed foreshortening ...
Source: Arquivos Brasileiros de Oftalmologia - May 16, 2019 Category: Opthalmology Source Type: research

Intravitreal and posterior subtenon triamcinolone acetonide for severe acute posterior multifocal placoid pigment epitheliopathy
ABSTRACT A 21-year-old man presented with visual acuity of 20/200 in both eyes. The fundus picture, fluorescein angiography, and optical coherence tomography revealed severe bilateral acute posterior multifocal placoid pigment epitheliopathy and serous macular detachments. We treated the patient with triamcinolone acetonide, an intravitreal injection (4 mg/0.1 mL) in one eye and a posterior subtenon injection (40 mg/1 mL) in the other eye. Within 2 weeks the visual acuity was 20/80 in both eyes. At the 8-week follow-up visit his vision was 20/63 bilaterally. One year later the vision remained 20/63 in both eyes. In this pa...
Source: Arquivos Brasileiros de Oftalmologia - May 16, 2019 Category: Opthalmology Source Type: research

Effectiveness of monthly and fortnightly anti-VEGF treatments for age-related macular degeneration
Conclusions: The bi-weekly follow-up was effective and we found no significant differences in efficacy or safety between the treatments with ranibizumab and bevacizumab.RESUMO Objetivo: Estudar a efic ácia e segurança dos tratamentos com ranibizumabe e bevacizumabe para a degeneração macular relacionada à idade exsudativa. Métodos: Ensaio clínico paralelo randomizado foi conduzido para comparar a eficácia e segurança de três regimes (bevacizumabe a cada mês, bevacizumabe a cada 2 sema nas e ranibizumabe todos os meses), seguidos por retratamentos conforme necessidade, durante 1 ano, em indivíduos previamente ...
Source: Arquivos Brasileiros de Oftalmologia - May 16, 2019 Category: Opthalmology Source Type: research

Intraocular pressure in subjects with beta-thalassemia minor
Conclusion: Subjects with beta-thalassemia minor had lower intraocular pressure than healthy controls, suggesting beta-thalassemia minor may actually protect against high intraocular pressure.RESUMO Objetivo: Beta-talassemia menor é uma doença hereditária comum no sangue em países mediterrâneos como a Turquia e está associada à resistência à insulina. A resistência à insulina por sua vez, pode estar associada à pressão intraocular excessivamente alta e, portanto à cegueira induzida pela pressão intraocular. Est e estudo teve como objetivo investigar a pressão intraocular em indivíduos com beta-talassemia ...
Source: Arquivos Brasileiros de Oftalmologia - May 16, 2019 Category: Opthalmology Source Type: research

Effects on ocular discomfort and tear film dynamics of suturing 23-gauge pars plana vitrectomies
Conclusion: Sclerotomy suturing caused ocular discomfort and had a negative effect on tear film dynamics during the late postoperative period. Sclerotomies without suturing seem to reduce the ocular surface changes.RESUMO Objetivo: Avaliar os efeitos da sutura da vitrectomia via pars plana de 23-gauge sobre o desconforto ocular e a din âmica do filme lacrimal. Métodos: Esta revisão retrospectiva de prontuários envolveu dados de 50 casos em 50 pacientes submetidos à vitrectomia via pars plana de 23-gauge, de janeiro a novembro de 2016. Dividimos os olhos em dois grupos de acordo com a presença ou ausência de sutura...
Source: Arquivos Brasileiros de Oftalmologia - May 16, 2019 Category: Opthalmology Source Type: research

Multisectorial changes in the ciliary muscle during accommodation measured with high-resolution optical coherence tomography
Conclusion: The anterior ciliary muscle area tends to increase with accommodation, although the increase has been shown to be symmetric between the pair sectors superior-nasal and inferior-temporal. These results m ay help to increase understanding of accommodation biometry and biomechanics.RESUMO Objetivo: Medir as altera ções do músculo ciliar anterior durante a acomodação nos setores nasal, superior, temporal e inferior, através de um tomógrafo de coerência óptica de câmara anterior, e correlacioná-las com alterações de vergência. Métodos: Vinte e quatro indivíduos com olhos saudáveis e fácicos, com ...
Source: Arquivos Brasileiros de Oftalmologia - May 16, 2019 Category: Opthalmology Source Type: research

Does obesity affect intraocular pressure during laparoscopic surgery?
Conclusions: Obesity is not correlated with intraocular pressure during short laparoscopic surgeries with the patient in the head-up position.RESUMO Objetivo: A obesidade é aceita como um fator de risco para a perda visual pós-operatória devido a possíveis elevações perioperatórias da pressão intraocular. Este estudo investigou se as alterações na pressão intraocular diferem de acordo com o índice de massa corporal dos pacientes submetidos à colecistecto mia laparoscópica. Métodos: Trinta pacientes obesos e 30 não-obesos (limiar de índice de massa corporal de 30 kg/m2), submetidos à colecistectomia lapa...
Source: Arquivos Brasileiros de Oftalmologia - May 16, 2019 Category: Opthalmology Source Type: research

Optical biometry-based axial length alterations after intravitreal dexamethasone implant
Conclusions: In addition to significantly reducing central macular thickness measurements, intravitreal dexamethasone implantation also significan tly changes optical biometry-based axial length measurements.RESUMO Objetivo: Investigar altera ções no comprimento axial após implante de dexametasona intravítrea em pacientes com edema macular. Métodos: Foi realizado um estudo prospectivo e comparativo de 46 pacientes com edema macular unilateral, devido à retinopatia diabética, oclusão da veia retiniana e uveíte não infecciosa, q ue foram submetidos ao implante de dexametasona. Os olhos contralateral de cada pacie...
Source: Arquivos Brasileiros de Oftalmologia - May 16, 2019 Category: Opthalmology Source Type: research

Objective evaluation of vision quality in pseudophakic patients with posterior capsular opacification using double-pass retinal imaging
Conclusions: The objective vision quality measurements as assessed by the double-pass retinal imaging system showed a significa nt improvement after YAG capsulotomy. This suggests that the objective scatter index improves after YAG capsulotomy, even in eyes with pre-YAG 0.10 logMAR (Snellen 20/25) corrected distance visual acuity or better.RESUMO Objetivo: Avaliar objetivamente a qualidade da vis ão óptica antes e depois da capsulotomia com Nd: YAG, obtida por imagem pelo metodo de dupla passagem de luz em pacientes com opacificação capsular posterior. Método: Análise retrospectiva de 26 olhos pseudofácicos com op...
Source: Arquivos Brasileiros de Oftalmologia - May 16, 2019 Category: Opthalmology Source Type: research

Association between Chagas disease and changes in the optic nerve and retinal nerve fiber layer
Conclusion: Changes in optic nerve/ retinal nerve fiber layer we re more prevalent in patients with Chagas disease.RESUMO Objetivo: Testar a hip ótese de que a doença de Chagas predispõe a alterações no nervo óptico e camada de fibras nervosas peripapilar. Métodos: Foi realizado um estudo transversal com 41 pacientes diagnosticados com doença de Chagas e 41 controles, pareados por sexo e idade. Os pacientes foram submetidos a exames oftalmológicos, incluindo medida da pressão intraocular, avaliação do nervo óptico e camada de fibras nervosas através de retinografia, tomografia de coerência óptica e perim...
Source: Arquivos Brasileiros de Oftalmologia - May 16, 2019 Category: Opthalmology Source Type: research

Lack of association between provocative test-based intraocular pressure parameters and functional loss in treated glaucoma patients
Conclusion: Our results indicate that neither long-term intraocular pressure variation parameters nor stress test-derived intraocular pressure metrics, as assessed by the water-drinking test, appear to correlate with the visual field status or differ significantly between ey es with asymmetric visual field damage, suggesting that other factors may explain such functional asymmetry, and that the water-drinking test does not add significant information to these cases.RESUMO Objetivo: Correlacionar os par âmetros de variação da pressão intraocular (flutuação e pico) com o dano funcional em pacientes tratados com glauco...
Source: Arquivos Brasileiros de Oftalmologia - May 16, 2019 Category: Opthalmology Source Type: research

Visual development in children aged 0 to 6 years
Conclusion: Visual responses in infants and preschool children born at term and with normal development were observed to occur in an integrated manner with neuromotor functions in addition to cognitive and psycho-emotional sensory, behavioral, and visual capacity.RESUMO Objetivos: Este estudo teve como objetivo apresentar as caracter ísticas do desenvolvimento visual do ponto de vista clínico em bebês e pré-escolares de 0 a 6 anos que nasceram a termo sem complicações na gravidez ou no parto. Métodos: Foi realizada uma revisão bibliográfica sobre o desenvolvimento visual em lactentes e pré-escolares. Resultado...
Source: Arquivos Brasileiros de Oftalmologia - May 16, 2019 Category: Opthalmology Source Type: research