Feeding behavior and activity budget of the southern yellow ‐cheeked crested gibbons (Nomascus gabriellae) in a lowland tropical forest
This study provides information relevant to the conservation and management of this endangered species by identifying important habitat conditions for reintroducing captive animals into the wild and providing insight into dietary needs, which may be relevant to the maintenance of animals in rescue centers. (Source: American Journal of Primatology)
Source: American Journal of Primatology - April 22, 2017 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Authors: Thanh H. Bach, Jin Chen, Minh D. Hoang, Kingsly C. Beng, Van T. Nguyen Tags: RESEARCH ARTICLE Source Type: research
Personality assessment and model comparison with behavioral data: A statistical framework and empirical demonstration with bonobos (Pan paniscus)
Interest in quantifying consistent among‐individual variation in primate behavior, also known as personality, has grown rapidly in recent decades. Although behavioral coding is the most frequently utilized method for assessing primate personality, limitations in current statistical practice prevent researchers’ from utilizing the full potential of their coding datasets. These limitations include the use of extensive data aggregation, not modeling biologically relevant sources of individual variance during repeatability estimation, not partitioning between‐individual (co)variance prior to modeling personality structur...
Source: American Journal of Primatology - April 21, 2017 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Authors: Jordan S. Martin, Scott A. Suarez Tags: RESEARCH ARTICLE Source Type: research
Higher levels of submissive behaviors at the onset of the pairing process of rhesus macaques (Macaca mulatta) are associated with lower risk of wounding following introduction
Social housing of rhesus macaques (Macaca mulatta) is considered to be the cornerstone of behavioral management programs in biomedical facilities. However, it also involves the risk of socially inflicted trauma. The ability to avoid such trauma would contribute to the animals’ well‐being and alleviate staff's concerns, thus paving the path for more introductions. Here, we sought to address the conflict between the need to socially house rhesus macaques and the need to bring social wounding to a minimum by identifying behaviors expressed early in social introductions, that may serve as predictors of later wounding event...
Source: American Journal of Primatology - April 21, 2017 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Authors: Ori Pomerantz, Kate C. Baker Tags: RESEARCH ARTICLE Source Type: research
Urban primate ranging patterns: GPS ‐collar deployments for Macaca fascicularis and M. sylvanus
This study highlights how the behavioral plasticity found within the genus Macaca is reflected in ranging pattern variability within urban environments. (Source: American Journal of Primatology)
Source: American Journal of Primatology - April 18, 2017 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Authors: Amy R. Klegarth, Hope Hollocher, Lisa Jones ‐Engel, Eric Shaw, Benjamin P.Y.‐H. Lee, Tessa Feeney, Damian Holmes, Dale Laguea, Agustín Fuentes Tags: RESEARCH ARTICLE Source Type: research
Issue Information
(Source: American Journal of Primatology)
Source: American Journal of Primatology - April 18, 2017 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Tags: ISSUE INFORMATION Source Type: research
Orangutans, enamel defects, and developmental health: A comparison of Borneo and Sumatra
Orangutans (Pongo sp.) show among the highest occurrence of three types of developmental enamel defect. Two are attributed to nutritional factors that reduce bone growth in the infant's face early in development. Their timing and prevalence indicate that Sumatra provides a better habitat than does Borneo. The third type, repetitive linear enamel hypoplasia (rLEH) is very common but its etiology is not understood. Our objective is to draw attention to this enigmatic, episodic stressor in the lives of orangutans. We are concerned that neglect of this possible marker of ill health may be contributing, through inaction, to the...
Source: American Journal of Primatology - April 13, 2017 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Authors: Mark F. Skinner, Matthew M. Skinner Tags: RESEARCH ARTICLE Source Type: research
Orangutan trade, confiscations, and lack of prosecutions in Indonesia
Prosecuting and sentencing law breakers punishes the offender and acts as a deterrent for future law breakers. With thousands of Sumatran and Bornean orangutans (Pongo abelii and P. pygmaeus) having entered private and government rescue centers and facilities, I evaluate the role of successful prosecution in orangutan conservation in Indonesia. Orangutans have been protected in Indonesian since 1931 and they are not allowed to be traded or to be kept as pets. In the period 1993–2016 at least 440 orangutans were formally confiscated, and many more were “donated” to law enforcement agencies. This resulted in seven (7) ...
Source: American Journal of Primatology - April 13, 2017 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Authors: Vincent Nijman Tags: COMMENTARY Source Type: research
Distinctiveness enhances long ‐term event memory in non‐human primates, irrespective of reinforcement
Non‐human primates are capable of recalling events that occurred as long as 3 years ago, and are able to distinguish between similar events; akin to human memory. In humans, distinctiveness enhances memory for events, however, it is unknown whether the same occurs in non‐human primates. As such, we tested three great ape species on their ability to remember an event that varied in distinctiveness. Across three experiments, apes witnessed a baiting event in which one of three identical containers was baited with food. After a delay of 2 weeks, we tested their memory for the location of the baited container. Apes failed ...
Source: American Journal of Primatology - April 13, 2017 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Authors: Amy Lewis, Josep Call, Dorthe Berntsen Tags: RESEARCH ARTICLE Source Type: research
Social and demographic correlates of male androgen levels in wild white ‐faced capuchin monkeys (Cebus capucinus)
The Challenge Hypothesis, designed originally to explain the patterning of competitive behavior and androgen levels in seasonally breeding birds, predicts that males will increase their androgen levels in order to become more competitive in reproductive contexts. Here we test predictions derived from the Challenge Hypothesis in white‐faced capuchin monkeys (Cebus capucinus), a species that has somewhat seasonal reproduction. We analyzed demographic and hormonal data collected over a 5.25‐year period, from 18 males in nine social groups living in or near Lomas Barbudal Biological Reserve, Costa Rica. Alpha males had hig...
Source: American Journal of Primatology - April 7, 2017 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Authors: Franka S. Schaebs, Susan E. Perry, Don Cohen, Roger Mundry, Tobias Deschner Tags: RESEARCH ARTICLE Source Type: research
Toughness of the Virunga mountain gorilla (Gorilla beringei beringei) diet across an altitudinal gradient
The robust masticatory system of mountain gorillas is thought to have evolved for the comminution of tough vegetation, yet, compared to other primates, the toughness of the mountain gorilla diet is unremarkable. This may be a result of low plant toughness in the mountain gorilla environment or of mountain gorillas feeding selectively on low‐toughness foods. The goal of this paper is to determine how the toughness of the mountain gorilla diet varies across their habitat, which spans a large altitudinal range, and whether there is a relationship between toughness and food selection by mountain gorillas. We collected data o...
Source: American Journal of Primatology - April 7, 2017 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Authors: Halszka Glowacka, Shannon C. McFarlin, Erin R. Vogel, Tara S. Stoinski, Felix Ndagijimana, Deo Tuyisingize, Antoine Mudakikwa, Gary T. Schwartz Tags: RESEARCH ARTICLE Source Type: research
Conservation strategies for understanding and combating the primate bushmeat trade on Bioko Island, Equatorial Guinea
Bioko Island, Equatorial Guinea is among the important places in Africa for the conservation of primates, but a cultural preference for bushmeat and a lack of effective law enforcement has encouraged commercial bushmeat hunting, threatening the survival of the remaining primate population. For over 13 years, we collected bushmeat market data in the Malabo market, recording over 35,000 primate carcasses, documenting “mardi gras” consumption patterns, seasonal carcass availability, and negative effects resulting from government intervention. We also conducted forest surveys throughout Bioko's two protected areas in order...
Source: American Journal of Primatology - April 7, 2017 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Authors: Drew T. Cronin, Paul R. Sesink Clee, Matthew W. Mitchell, Demetrio Bocuma Me ñe, David Fernández, Cirilo Riaco, Maximiliano Fero Meñe, Jose Manuel Esara Echube, Gail W. Hearn, Mary Katherine Gonder Tags: REVIEW ARTICLE Source Type: research
Optimizing field and analytical procedures for estimating densities of arboreal and threatened primates in tropical rainforest
The application of distance sampling to primate density estimation is challenging and susceptible to estimation biases, mainly due to the difficulties of properly accounting for variation in species’ detectability and of accurately sampling the spread of the social groups. We apply a hierarchical distance sampling approach to primate data, to account for a comprehensive set of environmental covariates of both detectability and abundance, and we propose a novel field routine to measure the spread of groups during transect sampling. We confirm the good potential of this approach, given we obtained refined estimates of prim...
Source: American Journal of Primatology - April 7, 2017 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Authors: Nathalie Cavada, Marco Ciolli, Claudia Barelli, Francesco Rovero Tags: NEW APPROACHES Source Type: research
The relative effects of reproductive condition, stress, and seasonality on patterns of parasitism in wild female black howler monkeys (Alouatta pigra)
Parasitic infections in wildlife are shaped by host‐related traits including individual reproductive condition. It has been argued that female primates are more susceptible to infectious diseases during pregnancy due to short‐term changes in immune function that result in reduced ability to combat infections. Likewise, lactation, which is the most energetically expensive state, may affect immunity and infection risk due to tradeoffs between milk production and maintenance of immune function. Here, we examine the degree to which parasite prevalence and parasite richness are affected by female reproductive condition and ...
Source: American Journal of Primatology - April 1, 2017 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Authors: Rodolfo Mart ínez‐Mota, Paul A. Garber, Rupert Palme, Thomas R. Gillespie Tags: RESEARCH ARTICLE Source Type: research
Contexts and consequences of takeovers in hamadryas baboons: Female parity, reproductive state, and observational evidence of pregnancy loss
The evolutionary consequences of sexual selection and sexual conflict are epitomized in the hamadryas baboon, a species characterized by strong sexual dimorphism and intense male–male competition. Hamadryas males coerce individual females into reproductively exclusive one‐male units via aggressive takeovers, and infants involved in such takeovers are at least four times more likely to be killed (or otherwise die) after takeovers compared to other times. Here we examine female reproductive state before and after takeovers to further investigate the determinants of takeovers and their impact on female reproduction. Our d...
Source: American Journal of Primatology - April 1, 2017 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Authors: Alexis L. Amann, Mathew Pines, Larissa Swedell Tags: RESEARCH ARTICLE Source Type: research
Erratum
(Source: American Journal of Primatology)
Source: American Journal of Primatology - March 30, 2017 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Tags: ERRATUM Source Type: research
