The relationship between social play and developmental milestones in wild chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes schweinfurthii)
In this study, we used 33 years of long‐term behavioral data on infant chimpanzees in Gombe National Park, Tanzania, to examine these potential benefits of social play, specifically how the percentage of time engaged in social play relates to motor and social developmental milestones. We predicted that infants who engaged in more social play would achieve motor and social milestones at younger ages. We found that individuals that spent more time engaging in social play achieved the motor milestones of riding dorsally and traveling independently at earlier ages. Additionally, we found that the amount of play was correlate...
Source: American Journal of Primatology - November 1, 2017 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Authors: Matthew R. Heintz, Carson M. Murray, A. Catherine Markham, Anne E. Pusey, Elizabeth V. Lonsdorf Tags: RESEARCH ARTICLE Source Type: research
Infant mortality in white ‐faced capuchins: The impact of alpha male replacements
We examined the relationship between the rate of infant mortality, infant age, and the occurrence and type of AMR in white‐faced capuchin monkeys (Cebus capucinus imitator) of the Santa Rosa population in Sector Santa Rosa, Área de Conservación Guanacaste. Specifically, we investigated how the source of the new alpha male (coresident or extragroup) and relative aggression level during AMRs influenced infant mortality in this species. Between 1986 and 2015, we recorded 221 births in five study groups. Infants present at the time of an AMR, or born within 5.5 months following an AMR (i.e., conceived prior to AMR), experi...
Source: American Journal of Primatology - November 1, 2017 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Authors: Lauren F. Brasington, Eva C. Wikberg, Shoji Kawamura, Linda M. Fedigan, Katharine M. Jack Tags: RESEARCH ARTICLE Source Type: research
A decade as Executive Editor of the American Journal of Primatology
(Source: American Journal of Primatology)
Source: American Journal of Primatology - November 1, 2017 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Authors: Paul A. Garber Tags: EDITORIAL Source Type: research
Social hair pulling in captive rhesus macaques (Macaca mulatta)
In this study, we examined social hair pulling, grooming, and aggression within seven groups of rhesus macaques (Macaca mulatta) (N = 319). We took weekly 30‐min behavioral observations on each group for one year to assess the patterns of hair pulling and grooming, which monkeys were receiving and initiating these behaviors, as well as aggression and other behaviors indicating dominance. We also assessed the amount of alopecia on each individual monthly. While grooming tended to be directed “up” the hierarchy (i.e., monkeys were more likely to groom animals of a higher rank than lower rank), most hair pulling was...
Source: American Journal of Primatology - November 1, 2017 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Authors: Allison Heagerty, Rebecca A. Wales, Kamm Prongay, Daniel H. Gottlieb, Kristine Coleman Tags: RESEARCH ARTICLE Source Type: research
Issue Information
(Source: American Journal of Primatology)
Source: American Journal of Primatology - October 30, 2017 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Tags: ISSUE INFORMATION Source Type: research
Applying systems thinking to inform studies of wildlife trade in primates
Wildlife trade presents a major threat to primate populations, which are in demand from local to international scales for a variety of uses from food and traditional medicine to the exotic pet trade. We argue that an interdisciplinary framework to facilitate integration of socioeconomic, anthropological, and biological data across multiple spatial and temporal scales is essential to guide the study of wildlife trade dynamics and its impacts on primate populations. Here, we present a new way to design research on wildlife trade in primates using a systems thinking framework. We discuss how we constructed our framework, whic...
Source: American Journal of Primatology - October 16, 2017 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Authors: Mary E. Blair, Minh D. Le, Ho àng M. Thạch, Anna Panariello, Ngọc B. Vũ, Mark G. Birchette, Gautam Sethi, Eleanor J. Sterling Tags: NEW APPROACHES Source Type: research
Spatial distribution of buffy ‐tufted‐ear (Callithrix aurita) and invasive marmosets (Callithrix spp.) in a tropical rainforest reserve in southeastern Brazil
We investigated the spatial distribution of native and invasive marmoset species (Callithrix), as well as their hybrids, in the Serra dos Órgãos National Park (PARNASO) and surrounding area in Rio de Janeiro state, Brazil. To estimate occupancy and the detection probability, we surveyed 56 sites within the park and 52 sites outside its limits using vocal playbacks, as well as by interviewing local residents in the surrounding area. We estimated the occupancy and detection probability of Callithrix aurita and the observed groups composed of Callithrix jacchus, Callithrix penicillata, and their hybrids. We also recorded th...
Source: American Journal of Primatology - October 1, 2017 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Authors: Nathalia Detogne, Átilla C. Ferreguetti, José Henrique F. Mello, Marcelo C. Santana, Aline da Conceição Dias, Natalia C. J. da Mota, Andressa Esteves da Cruz Gonçalves, Cristiane P. de Souza, Helena G. Bergallo Tags: RESEARCH ARTICLE Source Type: research
Thyroid hormone fluctuations indicate a thermoregulatory function in both a tropical (Alouatta palliata) and seasonally cold ‐habitat (Macaca fuscata) primate
Thyroid hormones boost animals’ basal metabolic rate and represent an important thermoregulatory pathway for mammals that face cold temperatures. Whereas the cold thermal pressures experienced by primates in seasonal habitats at high latitudes and elevations are often apparent, tropical habitats also display distinct wet and dry seasons with modest changes in thermal environment. We assessed seasonal and temperature‐related changes in thyroid hormone levels for two primate species in disparate thermal environments, tropical mantled howlers (Alouatta palliata), and seasonally cold‐habitat Japanese macaques (Macaca fus...
Source: American Journal of Primatology - October 1, 2017 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Authors: Cynthia L. Thompson, Brianna L. Powell, Susan H. Williams, Goro Hanya, Kenneth E. Glander, Christopher J. Vinyard Tags: RESEARCH ARTICLE Source Type: research
The role of intragroup agonism in parent ‐offspring relationships and natal dispersal in monogamous owl monkeys (Aotus azarae) of Argentina
We examined factors related to age, sex, kinship, and behavioral context to evaluate predictions of the hypotheses that agonism functions to regulate dispersal and that it mediates competition for food and/or mates. Intragroup agonism was relatively rare: the group rate was approximately one event every three and a half hours. Rates of agonism were generally similar for both sexes, but there were marked differences among age categories. Agonism performed by adults was more frequently directed at subadults than at younger offspring. In contrast, agonistic interactions involving infants were very rare. Among interactions bet...
Source: American Journal of Primatology - October 1, 2017 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Authors: Margaret K. Corley, Siyang Xia, Eduardo Fernandez ‐Duque Tags: RESEARCH ARTICLE Source Type: research
Durability and flexibility of chimpanzee grooming patterns during a period of dominance instability
Growing evidence from studies on primates and other taxa has shown that the maintenance of long‐term affiliative patterns influences fitness. Thus, understanding how individuals regulate social interactions in response to environmental and social factors contributes to our understanding of the evolutionary basis of sociality. We investigated the durability of affiliation patterns in chimpanzees across three 3‐month periods of varying social uncertainty depending on the degree of stability in the male hierarchy, with a 2‐year gap between each period. Periods were unstable (no clear alpha male), recently stable (new al...
Source: American Journal of Primatology - October 1, 2017 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Authors: Nicola F. Koyama, Kirsty Ronkainen, Filippo Aureli Tags: RESEARCH ARTICLE Source Type: research
Multidisciplinary studies of wildlife trade in primates: Challenges and priorities
Wildlife trade is increasingly recognized as an unsustainable threat to primate populations and informing its management is a growing focus and application of primatological research. However, management policies based on ecological research alone cannot address complex socioeconomic or cultural contexts as drivers of wildlife trade. Multidisciplinary research is required to understand trade complexity and identify sustainable management strategies. Here, we define multidisciplinary research as research that combines more than one academic discipline, and highlight how the articles in this issue combine methods and approac...
Source: American Journal of Primatology - October 1, 2017 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Authors: Mary E. Blair, Minh D. Le, Eleanor J. Sterling Tags: INTRODUCTION Source Type: research
Social interactions and activity patterns of old Barbary macaques: Further insights into the foundations of social selectivity
Human aging is accompanied by a decrease in social activity and a narrowing in social networks. Studies in nonhuman primates may provide valuable comparative insights in which way aging impacts social life, in the absence of cultural conventions and an awareness of a limited lifetime. For female Barbary macaques at “La Forêt des Singes” in Rocamadour, France, we previously reported an age‐associated decrease in active grooming time and network size. Here, we aimed to extend these findings by investigating in which way physical decline, spatial proximity, and aggression vary with age in female Barbary macaques. We an...
Source: American Journal of Primatology - October 1, 2017 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Authors: Laura Almeling, Holger Sennhenn ‐Reulen, Kurt Hammerschmidt, Alexandra M. Freund, Julia Fischer Tags: RESEARCH ARTICLE Source Type: research
Issue Information
(Source: American Journal of Primatology)
Source: American Journal of Primatology - September 25, 2017 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Tags: ISSUE INFORMATION Source Type: research
Low Lactobacilli abundance and polymicrobial diversity in the lower reproductive tract of female rhesus monkeys do not compromise their reproductive success
The lower reproductive tract of nonhuman primates is colonized with a diverse microbiota, resembling bacterial vaginosis (BV), a gynecological condition associated with negative reproductive outcomes in women. Our 4 aims were to: (i) assess the prevalence of low Lactobacilli and a BV‐like profile in female rhesus monkeys; (ii) quantify cytokines in their cervicovaginal fluid (CVF); (iii) examine the composition and structure of their mucosal microbiota with culture‐independent sequencing methods; and (iv) evaluate the potential influence on reproductive success. CVF specimens were obtained from 27 female rhesus monkeys...
Source: American Journal of Primatology - September 12, 2017 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Authors: Wellington Z. Amaral, Gabriele R. Lubach, Amita Kapoor, Alexandra Proctor, Gregory J. Phillips, Mark Lyte, Christopher L. Coe Tags: RESEARCH ARTICLE Source Type: research
Are great apes able to reason from multi ‐item samples to populations of food items?
Inductive learning from limited observations is a cognitive capacity of fundamental importance. In humans, it is underwritten by our intuitive statistics, the ability to draw systematic inferences from populations to randomly drawn samples and vice versa. According to recent research in cognitive development, human intuitive statistics develops early in infancy. Recent work in comparative psychology has produced first evidence for analogous cognitive capacities in great apes who flexibly drew inferences from populations to samples. In the present study, we investigated whether great apes (Pongo abelii, Pan troglodytes, Pan...
Source: American Journal of Primatology - September 6, 2017 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Authors: Johanna Eckert, Hannes Rakoczy, Josep Call Tags: RESEARCH ARTICLE Source Type: research
