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Veterinary and Comparative Oncology, Ahead of Print. (Source: Veterinary and Comparative Oncology)
Source: Veterinary and Comparative Oncology - December 4, 2017 Category: Veterinary Research Source Type: research

Preliminary investigation of blood concentrations of insulin ‐like growth factor, insulin, lactate and β‐hydroxybutyrate in dogs with lymphoma as compared with matched controls
It is well established that tumour cells have metabolic differences when compared with normal cells. This is particularly true for energy metabolism in which dogs with cancer have been reported to have higher blood insulin and lactate concentrations than control dogs. Moreover, some human and animal studies suggest that the insulin‐like growth factor 1 (IGF‐1) signalling pathway may play a role in tumorigenesis and tumour progression. At present, IGF‐1 has not been evaluated in dogs with multicentric lymphoma. In this prospective, cross‐sectional study, blood levels of IGF‐1, as well as other markers of energy me...
Source: Veterinary and Comparative Oncology - December 4, 2017 Category: Veterinary Research Authors: B. McQuown, K. E. Burgess, C. R. Heinze Tags: ORIGINAL ARTICLE Source Type: research

Engineering controls in veterinary oncology: A survey of 148 ACVIM board ‐certified oncologists and environmental surveillance in 20 specialty hospitals
In this study, American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine board‐certified veterinary oncologists were surveyed about their use of containment primary EC (C‐PEC) and supplemental EC (closed system transfer devices, CSTD). The survey was completed by 148 (38%) of practicing diplomates. All used EC. Both C‐PEC and CSTD were used at 92% of hospitals; however, US Pharmacopoeial Convention Chapter <800> (USP <800>) standards were met at only 19% of hospitals and oncologists did not know the type of C‐PEC at 18% of hospitals. Next, surface contamination and EC use were assessed with environmental surveil...
Source: Veterinary and Comparative Oncology - December 1, 2017 Category: Veterinary Research Authors: K. Alexander, N. Northrup, D. Clarke, H. Lindell, T. Laver Tags: ORIGINAL ARTICLE Source Type: research

Checkpoint molecule expression by B and T cell lymphomas in dogs
Immunotherapies targeting checkpoint molecule programmed cell death 1 (PD‐1) protein were shown to be effective for treatment of non‐Hodgkin lymphoma in people, but little is known about the expression of PD‐1 or its ligand PD‐L1 by canine lymphoma. Therefore, flow cytometry was used to analyse expression of PD‐1 and PD‐L1 in canine lymphoma, using fine‐needle aspirates of lymph nodes from 34 dogs with B cell lymphoma (BCL), 6 dogs with T cell lymphoma (TCL) and 11 dogs that had relapsed. Furthermore, fine‐needle aspirates were obtained from 17 healthy dogs for comparison. Lastly, the impact of chemotherapy...
Source: Veterinary and Comparative Oncology - December 1, 2017 Category: Veterinary Research Authors: G. Hartley, R. Elmslie, S. Dow, A. Guth Tags: ORIGINAL ARTICLE Source Type: research

Canine spinal meningiomas and nerve sheath tumours in 34 dogs (2008 ‐2016): Distribution and long‐term outcome based upon histopathology and treatment modality
The purpose of this retrospective, multicentre case series was to describe the outcome following surgery and/or radiation of spinal meningiomas and nerve sheath tumours (NSTs) based upon treatment modality, with a specific aim to evaluate the survival times and time to recurrence following treatment for each histopathological diagnosis. Our hypothesis was that the addition of radiation therapy modalities to treatment will yield longer time to recurrence of clinical signs and survival time. Thirty‐four dogs met the inclusion criteria of histopathologically diagnosed extramedullary spinal meningioma or NST. Sixteen extrame...
Source: Veterinary and Comparative Oncology - December 1, 2017 Category: Veterinary Research Authors: K. Lacassagne, K. Hearon, J. Berg, B. S éguin, L. Hoyt, B. Byer, L. E. Selmic Tags: ORIGINAL ARTICLE Source Type: research

Recent advances in veterinary radiation oncology
(Source: Veterinary and Comparative Oncology)
Source: Veterinary and Comparative Oncology - December 1, 2017 Category: Veterinary Research Authors: M. S. Kent, M. M. Turek, J. Farrelly Tags: EDITORIAL Source Type: research

Association of tumour ‐infiltrating regulatory T cells with adverse outcomes in dogs with malignant tumours
Regulatory T cells (Tregs) infiltrate into a variety of tumour tissues and associate with poor prognosis in humans. However, data on association of Treg infiltration with prognosis is limited in canine tumours. The purpose of this study was to examine the number of tumour‐infiltrating Tregs and its association with overall survival (OS) in dogs with malignant tumours. The following 168 canine tumours were included: 37 oral malignant melanomas (OMMs); 14 oral squamous cell carcinomas (OSCCs); 16 pulmonary adenocarcinomas (PAs); 37 mammary carcinomas (MCs); 36 mast cell tumours (MCTs) and 28 hepatocellular carcinomas (HCCs...
Source: Veterinary and Comparative Oncology - December 1, 2017 Category: Veterinary Research Authors: K. Sakai, S. Maeda, Y. Yamada, J. K. Chambers, K. Uchida, H. Nakayama, T. Yonezawa, N. Matsuki Tags: ORIGINAL ARTICLE Source Type: research

Dosimetric benefit of adaptive radiotherapy in the neoadjuvant management of canine and feline thymoma —An exploratory case series
While surgery is the treatment of choice for thymomas, complete excision is not possible in a significant proportion of cases. For these patients, radiotherapy can be used as neoadjunctive, post‐operative adjunctive or sole therapy. During radiotherapy, rapid biological clearance of tumour cells is often observed, requiring adaptation of the treatment plan. Adaptive radiation therapy (RT) is a dynamic process, whereby the treatment plan is altered throughout the treatment course due to changes in morphologic, functional or positioning changes. With the hypothesis, that individually adapted replanning will massively reduc...
Source: Veterinary and Comparative Oncology - December 1, 2017 Category: Veterinary Research Authors: C. Rohrer Bley, V. Meier, U. Schneider Tags: ORIGINAL ARTICLE Source Type: research

Biodistribution and tolerance of intravenous iodine ‐131‐labelled hypericin in healthy dogs
Hypericin (Hyp) is a necrosis‐avid compound that can be efficiently labelled with radioiodine for both diagnostic and therapeutic purposes. Before 131I‐Hyp can be considered as a clinically useful drug in a combination therapy for canine cancer patients, evaluation of its toxicity is necessary. The aim of this study was to investigate the biodistribution and tolerance of a single dose administration of 131I‐Hyp. Three healthy dogs were included. 131I‐Hyp at a dose of 0.2 mg/kg and an activity of 185 MBq was intravenously injected. The effects on physical, haematological and biochemical parameters were characterized...
Source: Veterinary and Comparative Oncology - December 1, 2017 Category: Veterinary Research Authors: E. Abma, K. Peremans, F. De Vos, T. Bosmans, A. M. Kitshoff, S. Daminet, Y. Ni, R. Dockx, H. de Rooster Tags: ORIGINAL ARTICLE Source Type: research

Aberrant expression of microRNAs and the miR ‐1/MET pathway in canine hepatocellular carcinoma
Canine hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the most common primary hepatic tumour in dogs. MicroRNA (miRNA) dysregulation has been reported in human HCC and shown to have diagnostic and prognostic value; however, there are no data on miRNA expression in canine HCC. The aim of the present study was to investigate differentially expressed miRNAs in canine HCC. Analysis of miRNA expression in canine HCC tissues and cell lines by quantitative reverse transcription PCR showed that miR‐1, miR‐122, let‐7a, and let‐7g were downregulated, whereas miR‐10b and miR‐21 were upregulated in canine HCC. MET is one of the target ...
Source: Veterinary and Comparative Oncology - December 1, 2017 Category: Veterinary Research Authors: Y. ‐C. Lai, N. Ushio, M. M. Rahman, Y. Katanoda, K. Ogihara, Y. Naya, A. Moriyama, T. Iwanaga, Y. Saitoh, T. Sogawa, T. Sunaga, Y. Momoi, H. Izumi, N. Miyoshi, Y. Endo, M. Fujiki, H. Kawaguchi, N. Miura Tags: ORIGINAL ARTICLE Source Type: research

Prognostic significance of clinical presentation, induction and rescue treatment in 42 cases of canine centroblastic diffuse large B ‐cell multicentric lymphoma in the United Kingdom
The objective response rate to induction therapy was 94%; entire dogs had a greater rate of complete vs partial remissions than neutered dogs (P = .017). Median progression‐free survival for the first remission (PFS1) was 182 days; absence of anaemia at diagnosis (P = .002) and pretreatment neutrophil:lymphocyte ratio (NLR) below 9.44 (P = .015) were independently predictive of longer PFS1. Fifty‐eight percent of dogs received rescue protocols with an objective response rate of 81%; 31% of dogs received further rescue protocols (up to a total of 5) and the median number of protocols administered were 2. Med...
Source: Veterinary and Comparative Oncology - December 1, 2017 Category: Veterinary Research Authors: O. Davies, B. Szladovits, G. Polton, O. A. Garden, C. Leo, A. Lara ‐Garcia Tags: ORIGINAL ARTICLE Source Type: research

Expression of the glutamine metabolism ‐related proteins glutaminase 1 and glutamate dehydrogenase in canine mammary tumours
Glutamine metabolism is an important metabolic pathway for cancer cell survival, and there is a critical connection between tumour growth and glutamine metabolism. Because of their similarities, canine mammary carcinomas are useful for studying human breast cancer. Accordingly, we investigated the correlations between the expression of glutamine metabolism‐related proteins and the pathological features of canine mammary tumours. We performed immunohistochemical and western blot analysis of 39 mammary tumour tissues. In immunohistochemical analysis, the expression of glutaminase 1 (GLS1) in the epithelial region increased...
Source: Veterinary and Comparative Oncology - December 1, 2017 Category: Veterinary Research Authors: J. ‐E. Ryu, H.‐K. Park, H.‐J. Choi, H.‐B. Lee, H.‐J. Lee, H. Lee, E.‐S. Yu, W.‐C. Son Tags: ORIGINAL ARTICLE Source Type: research

Association of prognostic features and treatment on survival time of dogs with systemic mastocytosis: A retrospective analysis of 40 dogs
The objective of this study is to determine the impact of certain features and treatments on dogs with systemic mastocytosis. The medical records of 40 dogs from 4 northeastern US veterinary hospitals, with evidence of systemic mast cell disease, were evaluated retrospectively. Variables analysed with relation to overall survival and prognostic significance included treatment protocol used, substage, presence of a cutaneous or visceral tumour, presence of multiple cutaneous Mast cell tumours, grade of the primary tumour and metastatic site(s). Dogs with metastatic disease confined to distant lymph nodes lived longer than t...
Source: Veterinary and Comparative Oncology - December 1, 2017 Category: Veterinary Research Authors: S. J. Moirano, S. F. Lima, K. R. Hume, E. M. Brodsky Tags: ORIGINAL ARTICLE Source Type: research

Anticancer effects of resveratrol in canine hemangiosarcoma cell lines
The objective of this study is to determine the growth inhibitory effects of resveratrol in HSA cells when used alone or in combination with doxorubicin, a commonly used chemotherapeutic agent. Frog and DD‐1 canine HSA cell lines were treated with varying concentrations of resveratrol with and without doxorubicin. Cell viability was measured by the MTT assay. The expression of apoptotic proteins, activation of p38 mitogen‐activated protein kinase (MAPK), AMP‐activated protein kinase (AMPK) and extracellular signal‐regulated kinase 1/2 (ERK1/2) were assessed by western blotting. Similar to human cancer cell lines, r...
Source: Veterinary and Comparative Oncology - December 1, 2017 Category: Veterinary Research Authors: A. Carlson, K. S. Alderete, M. K. O. Grant, D. M. Seelig, L. C. Sharkey, B. N. M. Zordoky Tags: ORIGINAL ARTICLE Source Type: research