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A case of Barretts oesophagus in pernicious anaemia: acid is not the only culprit!
(Source: Therapeutic Advances in Gastroenterology)
Source: Therapeutic Advances in Gastroenterology - April 11, 2016 Category: Gastroenterology Authors: Carabotti, M., Lahner, E., Severi, C., Annibale, B. Tags: Letters to the Editor Source Type: research

Coffee, caffeine and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease?
(Source: Therapeutic Advances in Gastroenterology)
Source: Therapeutic Advances in Gastroenterology - April 11, 2016 Category: Gastroenterology Authors: Kennedy, O. J., Roderick, P., Poole, R., Parkes, J. Tags: Letters to the Editor Source Type: research

The new kid on the block for advanced imaging in Barretts esophagus: a review of volumetric laser endomicroscopy
Advanced imaging techniques used in the management of Barrett’s esophagus include electronic imaging enhancement (e.g. narrow band imaging, flexible spectral imaging color enhancement, and i-Scan), chromoendoscopy, and confocal laser endomicroscopy. Electronic imaging enhancement is used frequently in daily practice, but use of the other advanced technologies is not routine. High-definition white light endoscopy and random four quadrant biopsy remain the standard of care for evaluation of Barrett’s esophagus; this is largely due to the value of advanced imaging technologies not having been validated in large st...
Source: Therapeutic Advances in Gastroenterology - April 11, 2016 Category: Gastroenterology Authors: Trindade, A. J., Smith, M. S., Pleskow, D. K. Tags: Reviews Source Type: research

Lifestyle changes for the treatment of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease: a review of observational studies and intervention trials
Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is emerging as a major public health problem because of its association with increased cardiovascular and liver-related morbidity and mortality. Both genetic factors and lifestyle contribute to the pathogenesis of NAFLD. Lifestyle, including dietary habits and physical activity, is a modifiable risk factor and thus represents the main target for the prevention and treatment of NAFLD. In this review, we summarize the evidence regarding nutritional aspects (i.e. total energy intake, saturated fat and carbohydrates intake, certain foods or drinks and dietary patterns as a whole) in the...
Source: Therapeutic Advances in Gastroenterology - April 11, 2016 Category: Gastroenterology Authors: Zelber-Sagi, S., Godos, J., Salomone, F. Tags: Reviews Source Type: research

Novel bile acid therapeutics for the treatment of chronic liver diseases
Recent developments in understanding the role of bile acids (BAs) as signalling molecules in human metabolism and inflammation have opened new avenues in the field of hepatology research. BAs are no longer considered as simple molecules helping in fat digestion but as agents with real therapeutic value in treating complex autoimmune and metabolic liver diseases. BAs and their receptors such as farnesoid X receptor, transmembrane G protein-coupled receptor 5 and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor have been identified as novel targets for drug development. Some of these novel pharmaceuticals are already in clinical e...
Source: Therapeutic Advances in Gastroenterology - April 11, 2016 Category: Gastroenterology Authors: Hegade, V. S., Speight, R. A., Etherington, R. E., Jones, D. E. J. Tags: Reviews Source Type: research

New and emerging therapies for the treatment of irritable bowel syndrome: an update for gastroenterologists
Irritable bowel syndrome is a functional bowel disorder with gastrointestinal symptoms (e.g. abdominal pain, straining, urgency, incomplete evacuation, nausea, and bloating) that occur alongside bowel function alterations (i.e. constipation, diarrhea, or both). Patients with irritable bowel syndrome may also experience comorbid anxiety and depression. Irritable bowel syndrome is common, with a prevalence estimated between 3% and 28%, affecting patient health and quality of life. Patients with moderate or severe irritable bowel syndrome generally seek medical care, whereas those with milder symptoms may choose self-manageme...
Source: Therapeutic Advances in Gastroenterology - April 11, 2016 Category: Gastroenterology Authors: Foxx-Orenstein, A. E. Tags: Reviews Source Type: research

What goes around comes around: novel pharmacological targets in the gut-brain axis
The gut and the brain communicate bidirectionally through anatomic and humoral pathways, establishing what is known as the gut–brain axis. Therefore, interventions affecting one system will impact on the other, giving the opportunity to investigate and develop future therapeutic strategies that target both systems. Alterations in the gut–brain axis may arise as a consequence of changes in microbiota composition (dysbiosis), modifications in intestinal barrier function, impairment of enteric nervous system, unbalanced local immune response and exaggerated responses to stress, to mention a few. In this review we ...
Source: Therapeutic Advances in Gastroenterology - April 11, 2016 Category: Gastroenterology Authors: Gonzalez-Arancibia, C., Escobar-Luna, J., Barrera-Bugueno, C., Diaz-Zepeda, C., Gonzalez-Toro, M. P., Olavarria-Ramirez, L., Zanelli-Massai, F., Gotteland, M., Bravo, J. A., Julio-Pieper, M. Tags: Reviews Source Type: research

The role of vedolizumab in patients with moderate-to-severe Crohns disease and ulcerative colitis
Vedolizumab, an α4β7-integrin antagonist, is the first gut-selective monoclonal antibody that has been approved for the treatment of moderate-to-severe ulcerative colitis and Crohn’s disease in many countries in the world. However, questions still remain regarding its appropriate use and placement in current treatment algorithms. Therefore, we sought out to evaluate the existing literature on the use of vedolizumab in inflammatory bowel disease. From inception to 21 June 2015 we searched MEDLINE for phase III randomized control trials assessing the utility of vedolizumab in inflammatory bowel disease, of w...
Source: Therapeutic Advances in Gastroenterology - April 11, 2016 Category: Gastroenterology Authors: Shahidi, N., Bressler, B., Panaccione, R. Tags: Reviews Source Type: research

Clinical experience with infliximab biosimilar Remsima (CT-P13) in inflammatory bowel disease patients
Many reference biological therapies have now reached or are near to patent expiry, and therefore a number of biosimilars have been or will be developed. The term biosimilar can be defined as a biotherapeutic product that is similar in efficacy, safety and quality to the licensed reference product. Biosimilars may lead to a reduced price and significant cost savings for the health community and hopefully more patients globally will have easier access to biological therapy when indicated. CT-P13, which is a TNF-alfa inhibitor, is the first monoclonal antibody biosimilar being used in clinical practice. The drug is approved f...
Source: Therapeutic Advances in Gastroenterology - April 11, 2016 Category: Gastroenterology Authors: Jahnsen, J. Tags: Reviews Source Type: research

Current and future role of magnetically assisted gastric capsule endoscopy in the upper gastrointestinal tract
Capsule endoscopy first captivated the medical world when it provided a means to visualize the small bowel, which was previously out of endoscopic reach. In the subsequent decade and a half we continue to learn of the true potential that capsule endoscopy has to offer. Of particular current interest is whether capsule endoscopy has any reliable investigative role in the upper gastrointestinal tract. Much research has already been dedicated to enhancing the diagnostic and indeed therapeutic properties of capsule endoscopy. Specific modifications to tackle the challenges of the gut have already been described in the current ...
Source: Therapeutic Advances in Gastroenterology - April 11, 2016 Category: Gastroenterology Authors: Ching, H.-L., Hale, M. F., McAlindon, M. E. Tags: Reviews Source Type: research

EUS-guided FNA for biliary disease as first-line modality to obtain histological evidence
Conclusions: Our results suggest that EUS-FNA can be safely performed for biliary disease without biliary stenting. Furthermore, this procedure may warrant use as the first-line diagnostic method, although our results need to be validated in future prospective studies. (Source: Therapeutic Advances in Gastroenterology)
Source: Therapeutic Advances in Gastroenterology - April 11, 2016 Category: Gastroenterology Authors: Onda, S., Ogura, T., Kurisu, Y., Masuda, D., Sano, T., Takagi, W., Fukunishi, S., Higuchi, K. Tags: Original Research Source Type: research

What about clonidine for diarrhoea? A systematic review and meta-analysis of its effect in humans
Conclusion: Clonidine is effective for treatment of diarrhoea and should be considered as an alternative when all other medications have failed. (Source: Therapeutic Advances in Gastroenterology)
Source: Therapeutic Advances in Gastroenterology - April 11, 2016 Category: Gastroenterology Authors: Fragkos, K. C., Zarate-Lopez, N., Frangos, C. C. Tags: Original Research Source Type: research

Fecal microbiota transplant for Clostridium difficile infection in older adults
Conclusion: FMT is a generally safe and effective treatment option for older adults with CDI. (Source: Therapeutic Advances in Gastroenterology)
Source: Therapeutic Advances in Gastroenterology - April 11, 2016 Category: Gastroenterology Authors: Tauxe, W. M., Haydek, J. P., Rebolledo, P. A., Neish, E., Newman, K. L., Ward, A., Dhere, T., Kraft, C. S. Tags: Original Research Source Type: research

Refining small intestinal bacterial overgrowth diagnosis by means of carbohydrate specificity: a proof-of-concept study
Conclusions: Combined glucose, fructose and sorbitol HMBT has the potential to optimize cs-SIBO diagnosis. Furthermore, the majority of patients with cs-SIBO seem to benefit from rifaximin therapy regardless of its carbohydrate specificity. (Source: Therapeutic Advances in Gastroenterology)
Source: Therapeutic Advances in Gastroenterology - April 11, 2016 Category: Gastroenterology Authors: Enko, D., Halwachs-Baumann, G., Stolba, R., Mangge, H., Kriegshäuser, G. Tags: Original Research Source Type: research

Predictors for postoperative esophageal stricture after balloon-based radiofrequency ablation for early esophageal squamous neoplasia: a multicenter validation study
Conclusions: The most frequent adverse event of RFA was esophageal stenosis, for which the longitudinal tumor size was a significant predictive factor. Early intervention or prevention for stricture should be applied for those with long segment (>=9 cm) ESCNs. (Source: Therapeutic Advances in Gastroenterology)
Source: Therapeutic Advances in Gastroenterology - April 11, 2016 Category: Gastroenterology Authors: Wang, W.-L., Chang, I.-W., Chen, C.-C., Chang, W.-L., Chu, Y.-Y., Wu, P.-H., Tai, W.-C., Chen, P.-Y., Hsieh, P.-H., Chung, C.-S., Chang, C.-Y., Lin, J.-T., Wang, H.-P., Lee, C.-T. Tags: Original Research Source Type: research