DNA repair as an emerging target for COPD-lung cancer overlap
Publication date: Available online 7 January 2019Source: Respiratory InvestigationAuthor(s): Catherine R. SearsAbstractCigarette smoking is the leading cause of lung cancer and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Many of the detrimental effects of cigarette smoke have been attributed to the development of DNA damage, either directly from chemicals contained in cigarette smoke or as a product of cigarette smoke-induced inflammation and oxidative stress. In this review, we discuss the environmental, epidemiological, and physiological links between COPD and lung cancer and the likely role of DNA damage and repair in...
Source: Respiratory Investigation - January 8, 2019 Category: Respiratory Medicine Source Type: research
Development of lung cancer in patients with nontuberculous mycobacterial lung disease
ConclusionsWe identified the clinical characteristics of eight MAC-LD patients who developed lung cancer. NTM-LD may be a risk factor for lung cancer development. Periodic follow-up with chest CT might contribute to early diagnosis and curative therapy for lung cancer. (Source: Respiratory Investigation)
Source: Respiratory Investigation - January 4, 2019 Category: Respiratory Medicine Source Type: research
Combination of assist use of short-acting beta-2 agonists inhalation and guidance based on patient-specific restrictions in daily behavior: Impact on physical activity of Japanese patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
ConclusionsAssist use of SABA targeting patient-specific restrictions, particularly when better lung function is still preserved, could be a useful approach for improving physical activity in patients with COPD. (Source: Respiratory Investigation)
Source: Respiratory Investigation - January 4, 2019 Category: Respiratory Medicine Source Type: research
Leukotrienes: One step in our understanding of asthma
Publication date: Available online 30 December 2018Source: Respiratory InvestigationAuthor(s): Pierre SiroisAbstractThe steps leading to the discovery of leukotrienes and the researchers that played a major part in this long process are presented. The pharmacology of these exquisitely potent compounds shows that they express bronchoconstrictor activity and numerous cellular effects via very specific receptors. Experimental evidence strongly suggests that these mediators play a significant role in asthma physiopathology. Numerous approaches were taken to block their effects on the lungs and this led to the discovery of sele...
Source: Respiratory Investigation - December 30, 2018 Category: Respiratory Medicine Source Type: research
Lung transplant candidates with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis and long-term pirfenidone therapy: Treatment feasibility influences waitlist survival
ConclusionsPatients with IPF successfully managed with long-term Pirfenidone therapy achieved favorable outcomes after LTx registration, comparable to other patients with LTx indications. The tolerability to antifibrotic therapy can be a predictor of waitlist survival. (Source: Respiratory Investigation)
Source: Respiratory Investigation - December 30, 2018 Category: Respiratory Medicine Source Type: research
Development of lung cancer in patients with; nontuberculous mycobacterial lung disease
ConclusionsWe identified the clinical characteristics of eight MAC-LD patients who developed lung cancer. NTM-LD may be a risk factor for lung cancer development. Periodic follow-up with chest CT might contribute to early diagnosis and curative therapy for lung cancer. (Source: Respiratory Investigation)
Source: Respiratory Investigation - December 29, 2018 Category: Respiratory Medicine Source Type: research
Elevated serum periostin level in patients with chronic cough and airway hyperresponsiveness
Publication date: Available online 12 December 2018Source: Respiratory InvestigationAuthor(s): Yuta Kono, Masako To, Ryuta Tsuzuki, Kosuke Haruki, Yasuo To (Source: Respiratory Investigation)
Source: Respiratory Investigation - December 13, 2018 Category: Respiratory Medicine Source Type: research
Smaller erector spinae muscle size is associated with inability to recover activities of daily living after pneumonia treatment
ConclusionThese results suggest that ESMCSA can predict ADL level after antibiotic treatment of pneumonia. (Source: Respiratory Investigation)
Source: Respiratory Investigation - December 12, 2018 Category: Respiratory Medicine Source Type: research
Treatment of asthma in smokers: A questionnaire survey in Japanese clinical practice
ConclusionsAccording to this survey, current smokers with asthma received more intensive therapy, including LAMA, than did former smokers with asthma. (Source: Respiratory Investigation)
Source: Respiratory Investigation - December 12, 2018 Category: Respiratory Medicine Source Type: research
Cryobiopsy with endobronchial ultrasonography using a guide sheath for peripheral pulmonary lesions and DNA analysis by next generation sequencing and rapid on-site evaluation
ConclusionsCryo with EBUS-GS for PPLs is a safe and potentially useful diagnostic strategy. It has a high diagnostic yield, and provides significantly larger specimens than TBB. It also provides high quantity and quality of DNA for NGS and high concordance rate between ROSE and the final diagnosis. (Source: Respiratory Investigation)
Source: Respiratory Investigation - November 23, 2018 Category: Respiratory Medicine Source Type: research
Reduced area of the normal lung on high-resolution computed tomography predicts poor survival in patients with lung cancer and combined pulmonary fibrosis and emphysema
ConclusionsA markedly reduced area of normal lung on HRCT was a relevant radiologic predictor of survival. (Source: Respiratory Investigation)
Source: Respiratory Investigation - November 23, 2018 Category: Respiratory Medicine Source Type: research
Use of vasodilators for the treatment of pulmonary veno-occlusive disease and pulmonary capillary hemangiomatosis: A systematic review
ConclusionsThe present study demonstrates the potential efficacy and difficulties in the use of vasodilators in patients with PVOD/PCH; however, drawing a firm conclusion was difficult because of the lack of randomized controlled trials. Further research is needed to ascertain if vasodilator use is beneficial and safe in patients with PVOD/PCH. (Source: Respiratory Investigation)
Source: Respiratory Investigation - November 23, 2018 Category: Respiratory Medicine Source Type: research
Role of microRNA in severe asthma
Publication date: Available online 16 November 2018Source: Respiratory InvestigationAuthor(s): Kittipong ManeechotesuwanAbstractThe various roles of microRNAs (miRNAs) in the epigenetic regulation of human disease are gaining importance as areas of research, and a better understanding of these roles may identify targets for development of novel therapies for severe asthma. MiRNAs, a class of small non-coding RNAs that serve as post-transcriptional gene repressors, are recognized as critical components in regulating tissue homeostasis. Alteration in miRNA expression disrupts homeostasis and is an underlying mechanism for de...
Source: Respiratory Investigation - November 17, 2018 Category: Respiratory Medicine Source Type: research
The clinical features of older patients with lung cancer in comparison with their younger counterparts
ConclusionsWe should positively consider standard treatments for older patients. However, not only their shorter life expectancy but also their poor PS and multiple comorbidities that sometimes render patients unable to receive standard treatments and several chemotherapy regimens, make their prognosis poor. The standard treatments for older patients, especially in locally advanced stages, require modification. (Source: Respiratory Investigation)
Source: Respiratory Investigation - November 16, 2018 Category: Respiratory Medicine Source Type: research
Safety and pharmacokinetics of Alpha-1 MP (Prolastin®-C) in Japanese patients with alpha1-antitrypsin (AAT) deficiency
ConclusionsThe PK and safety of Alpha-1 MP in Japanese subjects with AATD were consistent with the Alpha-1 MP profile in non-Japanese subjects (ClinicalTrials.gov: NCT02870309; JAPIC CTI: JapicCTI-163160). (Source: Respiratory Investigation)
Source: Respiratory Investigation - November 9, 2018 Category: Respiratory Medicine Source Type: research
