Exosomal MiRNAs in Central Nervous System Diseases: Biomarkers, Pathological Mediators, Protective Factors and Therapeutic Agents
Publication date: Available online 19 September 2019Source: Progress in NeurobiologyAuthor(s): Xiaohuan Xia, Yi Wang, Yunlong Huang, Han Zhang, Hongfang Lu, Jialin C. ZhengAbstractExosomes are small bilipid layer-enclosed extracellular vesicles that can be found in tissues and biological fluids. As a key cell-to-cell and distant communication mediator, exosomes are involved in various central nervous system (CNS) diseases, potentially through transferring their contents such as proteins, lipids and nucleic acids to the target cells. Exosomal miRNAs, which are small non-coding RNAs in the exosomes, are known to be more stab...
Source: Progress in Neurobiology - September 20, 2019 Category: Neuroscience Source Type: research
The activity of the prelimbic cortex in rats is enhanced during the cooperative acquisition of an instrumental learning task
The objective of this study was to identify the functional properties of the prefrontal cortex that allow animals to work together to obtain a mutual reward. We induced pairs of male rats to develop a cooperative behavior in two adjacent Skinner boxes divided by a metallic grille. The experimental boxes allowed the two rats to see and to smell each other and to have limited physical contact through the grille. Rats were progressively trained to climb onto two separate platforms (and stay there simultaneously for> 0.5 s) to get food pellets for both. This set-up was compatible with the in vivo recording of local field pot...
Source: Progress in Neurobiology - September 13, 2019 Category: Neuroscience Source Type: research
State Estimation in Posterior Parietal Cortex: Distinct Poles of Environmental and Bodily States
Publication date: Available online 6 September 2019Source: Progress in NeurobiologyAuthor(s): W. Pieter Medendorp, Tobias HeedAbstractPosterior parietal cortex (PPC) has been implicated in sensory and motor processing, but its underlying organization is still debated. Sensory-based accounts suggest that PPC is mainly involved in attentional selection and multisensory integration, serving novelty detection and information seeking. Motor-specific accounts suggest a parietal subdivision into lower-dimensional, effector-specific subspaces for planning motor action. More recently, function-based interpretations have been put fo...
Source: Progress in Neurobiology - September 7, 2019 Category: Neuroscience Source Type: research
Editorial Board
Publication date: October 2019Source: Progress in Neurobiology, Volume 181Author(s): (Source: Progress in Neurobiology)
Source: Progress in Neurobiology - September 5, 2019 Category: Neuroscience Source Type: research
G protein-coupled receptors in acquired epilepsy: Druggability and translatability
Publication date: Available online 24 August 2019Source: Progress in NeurobiologyAuthor(s): Ying Yu, Davis T. Nguyen, Jianxiong JiangAbstractAs the largest family of membrane proteins in the human genome, G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) constitute the targets of more than one-third of all modern medicinal drugs. In the central nervous system (CNS), widely distributed GPCRs in neuronal and nonneuronal cells mediate numerous essential physiological functions via regulating neurotransmission at the synapses. Whereas their abnormalities in expression and activity are involved in various neuropathological processes. CNS con...
Source: Progress in Neurobiology - August 25, 2019 Category: Neuroscience Source Type: research
Disease-modifying effects of a novel T-type calcium channel antagonist, Z944, in a model of temporal lobe epilepsy
Publication date: Available online 13 August 2019Source: Progress in NeurobiologyAuthor(s): Pablo M. Casillas-Espinosa, Sandy R. Shultz, Emma L. Braine, Nigel C. Jones, Terrance P. Snutch, Kim L. Powell, Terence J. O’BrienAbstractWe evaluated whether pharmacologically targeting T-type Ca2+ channels with Z944, a potent and selective antagonist, has disease-modifying effects in a model of temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE) that exhibits spontaneous recurrent seizures, and manifests behavioral and cognitive comorbidities commonly experienced by patients with this condition. Wistar rats underwent implantation of EEG electrodes and...
Source: Progress in Neurobiology - August 15, 2019 Category: Neuroscience Source Type: research
Role of homeostatic feedback mechanisms in modulating methylphenidate actions on phasic dopamine signaling in the striatum of awake behaving rats
Publication date: Available online 11 August 2019Source: Progress in NeurobiologyAuthor(s): Justine A Fuller, Mark H Burrell, Andrew G Yee, Kavinda Liyanagama, Janusz Lipski, Jeffery R Wickens, Brian I HylandAbstractMethylphenidate is an established treatment for attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder that also has abuse potential. Both properties may relate to blocking dopamine and norepinephrine reuptake. We measured the effects of methylphenidate on dopamine dynamics in freely moving rats. Methylphenidate alone had no effect on the amplitude of phasic responses to cues or reward. However, when administered with the D2...
Source: Progress in Neurobiology - August 12, 2019 Category: Neuroscience Source Type: research
The senses of the choroid plexus
Publication date: Available online 9 August 2019Source: Progress in NeurobiologyAuthor(s): C.R.A Santos, A.C. Duarte, A.R. Costa, J. Tomás, T. Quintela, I. GonçalvesAbstractThe composition of cerebrospinal and brain interstitial fluids is ensured by barriers between the blood and the brain parenchyma (the blood-brain barrier) and between the blood and the cerebrospinal fluid (the blood-cerebrospinal fluid barrier). Barrier function results from the combination of tight junctions between cells that impair solute flux via the paracellular pathway, cell membrane transporters that enable selective transcellular solute passag...
Source: Progress in Neurobiology - August 10, 2019 Category: Neuroscience Source Type: research
Dystonia and dopamine: From phenomenology to pathophysiology
Publication date: Available online 9 August 2019Source: Progress in NeurobiologyAuthor(s): Bastien Ribot, Jérome Aupy, Marie Vidailhet, Joachim Mazère, Antonio Pisani, Erwan Bezard, Dominique Guehl, Pierre BurbaudAbstractA line of evidence suggests that the pathophysiology of dystonia involves the striatum, whose activity is modulated among other neurotransmitters, by the dopaminergic system. However, the link between dystonia and dopamine appears complex and remains unclear. Here, we propose a physiological approach to investigate the clinical and experimental data supporting a role of the dopaminergic system in the pat...
Source: Progress in Neurobiology - August 10, 2019 Category: Neuroscience Source Type: research
Editorial Board
Publication date: September 2019Source: Progress in Neurobiology, Volume 180Author(s): (Source: Progress in Neurobiology)
Source: Progress in Neurobiology - August 10, 2019 Category: Neuroscience Source Type: research
α1-Na/K-ATPase inhibition rescues aberrant dendritic calcium dynamics and memory deficits in the hippocampus of an Angelman syndrome mouse model
Publication date: Available online 8 August 2019Source: Progress in NeurobiologyAuthor(s): Prudhvi Raj Rayi, Lee Koyavski, Darpan Chakraborty, Alexei Bagrov, Hanoch KaphzanAbstractAngelman syndrome (AS) is a neurodevelopmental disorder caused by the loss of function of the maternal copy of the UBE3A gene. Previous studies reported an increase in α1-Na/K-ATPase (α1-NaKA) expression in the AS hippocampus at the age of 2 weeks as the initial and isolated molecular alteration. This increase was further implied upon actuating much of the hippocampal-related deficits in an AS mouse model, although the underlying mechanism was ...
Source: Progress in Neurobiology - August 9, 2019 Category: Neuroscience Source Type: research
Opioid antagonists as potential therapeutics for ischemic stroke
Publication date: Available online 6 August 2019Source: Progress in NeurobiologyAuthor(s): Nadia Peyravian, Emre Dikici, Sapna Deo, Michal Toborek, Sylvia DaunertAbstractChronic use of prescription opioids can exacerbate risk and severity of ischemic stroke. Annually, 6 million people die from stroke worldwide and there are no neuroprotective or neurorestorative agents to improve stroke outcomes and promote recovery. Prescribed opioids such as morphine have been shown to alter tight junction protein expression, resulting in the disruption of the blood brain barrier (BBB), ultimately leading to stroke pathogenesis. Conseque...
Source: Progress in Neurobiology - August 7, 2019 Category: Neuroscience Source Type: research
Publisher's Note
Publication date: Available online 1 August 2019Source: Progress in NeurobiologyAuthor(s): (Source: Progress in Neurobiology)
Source: Progress in Neurobiology - August 2, 2019 Category: Neuroscience Source Type: research
Targeting the transferrin receptor for brain drug delivery
Publication date: Available online 31 July 2019Source: Progress in NeurobiologyAuthor(s): Kasper Bendix Johnsen, Annette Burkhart, Louiza Bohn Thomsen, Thomas Lars Andresen, Torben MoosAbstractObtaining efficient drug delivery to the brain remains the biggest challenge for the development of therapeutics to treat diseases of the central nervous system. The main obstacle is the blood-brain barrier (BBB), which impedes the entrance of most molecules present in the systemic circulation, especially large molecule drugs and nanomedicines. To overcome this obstacle, targeting strategies binding to nutrient receptors present at t...
Source: Progress in Neurobiology - August 1, 2019 Category: Neuroscience Source Type: research
Imaging in mice and men: pathophysiological insights into multiple sclerosis from conventional and advanced MRI techniques
Publication date: Available online 30 July 2019Source: Progress in NeurobiologyAuthor(s): Julia Krämer, Wolfgang Brück, Frauke Zipp, Manuela Cerina, Sergiu Groppa, Sven G. MeuthAbstractMagnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is the most important tool for diagnosing multiple sclerosis (MS). However, MRI is still unable to precisely quantify the specific pathophysiological processes that underlie imaging findings in MS. Because autopsy and biopsy samples of MS patients are rare and biased towards a chronic burnt-out end or fulminant acute early stage, the only available methods to identify human disease pathology are to apply MR...
Source: Progress in Neurobiology - July 31, 2019 Category: Neuroscience Source Type: research
