Aspartoacylase deficiency in the white matter of human immunodeficiency virus encephalitis: novel mechanism in axonal damage.
Authors: Surendran S, Rajasankar S
Abstract
Aspartoacylase/aminoacylase II (ASPA/ACY II) is mainly synthesized in oligodendrocytes to contribute in myelin synthesis. Although axonal damage is seen in the brain with human immunodeficiency virus encephalitis (HIVE), ASPA contribution in the pathology is not known. Immunostaining study showed that ASPA protein is reduced in the white matter of patients with HIVE compared to the control. Western blot study further confirmed ASPA deficiency in the HIVE brain compared to the control. This paper suggests that HIVE condition affects ASPA to contribute in myelin lo...
Source: Pathology Research International - December 2, 2014 Category: Pathology Tags: Patholog Res Int Source Type: research
Human polyomaviruses in skin diseases.
Authors: Moens U, Ludvigsen M, Van Ghelue M
Abstract
Polyomaviruses are a family of small, nonenveloped viruses with a circular double-stranded DNA genome of ∼5,000 base pairs protected by an icosahedral protein structure. So far, members of this family have been identified in birds and mammals. Until 2006, BK virus (BKV), JC virus (JCV), and simian virus 40 (SV40) were the only polyomaviruses known to circulate in the human population. Their occurrence in individuals was mainly confirmed by PCR and the presence of virus-specific antibodies. Using the same methods, lymphotropic polyomavirus, originally i...
Source: Pathology Research International - December 2, 2014 Category: Pathology Tags: Patholog Res Int Source Type: research
Pathology of acute henipavirus infection in humans and animals.
Authors: Wong KT, Ong KC
Abstract
Zoonoses as causes of human infections have been increasingly reported, and many of these are viruses that cause central nervous system infections. This paper focuses on the henipaviruses (family Paramyxoviridae, genus henipavirus) that have recently emerged to cause severe encephalitis and systemic infection in humans and animals in the Asia-Pacific region. The pathological features in the human infections comprise vasculopathy (vasculitis, endothelial multinucleated syncytia, thrombosis, etc.) and parenchymal cell infection in the central nervous system, lung, kidney, an...
Source: Pathology Research International - December 2, 2014 Category: Pathology Tags: Patholog Res Int Source Type: research
Pathology of breast carcinoma: diagnostic, prognostic, and therapeutic issues and challenges.
Authors: Bhargava R, Sahoo S, Esposito NN, Chen B
PMID: 21961079 [PubMed] (Source: Pathology Research International)
Source: Pathology Research International - December 2, 2014 Category: Pathology Tags: Patholog Res Int Source Type: research
Histological correlation of glandular abnormalities in cervical liquid-based cytology.
Authors: Kawakami Y, Toda T, Nishimura T, Sakane J, Kuraoka K, Takehara K, Mizunoe T, Taniyama K
Abstract
Conventional Papanicolaou smear method is still commonly used for cervical cancer screening in Japan, despite the liquid-based cytology (LBC) that has become a global tendency in the world recently. One of the obstacles in the way of popularization of this method seems to be the confusion as to diagnosis upon cervical glandular lesions. We performed comparison study between LBC and conventional Papanicolaou smear about cytological diagnosis using split-sample method in 4522 patients. In 13 cases analys...
Source: Pathology Research International - December 2, 2014 Category: Pathology Tags: Patholog Res Int Source Type: research
Diagnosis/Classification Criteria for Behcet's Disease.
Conclusion. ICBD has better sensitivity, and accuracy than ISG.
PMID: 21961081 [PubMed] (Source: Pathology Research International)
Source: Pathology Research International - December 2, 2014 Category: Pathology Tags: Patholog Res Int Source Type: research
Musculoskeletal Findings in Behcet's Disease.
Authors: Bicer A
Abstract
Behcet's disease is a multisystem disease characterized by recurrent oral and genital ulcers, relapsing uveitis, mucocutaneous, articular, gastrointestinal, neurologic, and vascular manifestations. Rheumatologic manifestations may also occur in Behcet's disease, and arthritis and arthralgia are the most common musculoskeletal findings followed by enthesopathy, avascular necrosis, myalgia, and myositis. Although the main pathology of Behcet's disease has been known to be the underlying vasculitis, the etiology and exact pathogenesis of the disease are still unclear. Musculoskeletal...
Source: Pathology Research International - December 2, 2014 Category: Pathology Tags: Patholog Res Int Source Type: research
Primary small cell neuroendocrine carcinoma of vagina: a rare case report.
Authors: Bhalodia JN, Kapapura DV, Parekh MN
Abstract
Primary small cell neuroendocrine carcinoma of vagina is an extremely rare disease. There have been only 26 previously reported cases in literature. Here, we report a case of primary small cell neuroendocrine carcinoma of vagina. Immunohistochemistry (IHC) showed tumor cells positive for synaptophysin, chromogranin, and neuron-specific enolase (NSE).
PMID: 21977334 [PubMed] (Source: Pathology Research International)
Source: Pathology Research International - December 2, 2014 Category: Pathology Tags: Patholog Res Int Source Type: research
Pathophysiology of the Behçet's Disease.
Authors: Türsen U
Abstract
Behçet's disease (BD) is a multisystemic disease of unknown etiology characterized by chronic relapsing oral-genital ulcers and uveitis. Multiple systemic associations including articular, gastrointestinal, cardiopulmonary, neurologic, and vascular involvement are also observed in BD. Although the etiopathogenesis of the disease remains unknown, increased neutrophil functions such as chemotaxis, phagocytosis, and excessive production of reactive oxygen species (ROS), including superoxide anion, which may be responsible for oxidative tissue damage seen in BD, and also immunologi...
Source: Pathology Research International - December 2, 2014 Category: Pathology Tags: Patholog Res Int Source Type: research
Tumor suppressors and cell-cycle proteins in lung cancer.
Authors: Baldi A, De Luca A, Esposito V, Campioni M, Spugnini EP, Citro G
Abstract
The cell cycle is the cascade of events that allows a growing cell to duplicate all its components and split into two daughter cells. Cell cycle progression is mediated by the activation of a highly conserved family of protein kinases, the cyclin-dependent kinases (CDKs). CDKs are also regulated by related proteins called cdk inhibitors grouped into two families: the INK4 inhibitors (p16, p15, p19, and p18) and the Cip/Kip inhibitors (p21, p27, and p53). Several studies report the importance of cell-cycle proteins in the pat...
Source: Pathology Research International - December 2, 2014 Category: Pathology Tags: Patholog Res Int Source Type: research
New Evidence-Based Treatment Approach in Behçet's Disease.
Authors: Alpsoy E
Abstract
Behçet's disease (BD) is a chronic, relapsing, and debilitating systemic vasculitis of unknown aetiology with the clinical features of mucocutaneous lesions, ocular, vascular, articular, neurologic, gastrointestinal, urogenital, and pulmonary involvement. The disease is much more frequent along the ancient "Silk Route" extending from Eastern Asia to the Mediterranean basin, compared with Western countries. The disease usually starts around the third or fourth decade of life. Male sex and a younger age of onset are associated with more severe disease. Although the treatment has b...
Source: Pathology Research International - December 2, 2014 Category: Pathology Tags: Patholog Res Int Source Type: research
Genetics of Behçet's Disease.
Authors: Kaya Tİ
Abstract
Behçet's disease (BD) is a systemic inflammatory disorder characterized mainly by recurrent oral and genital ulcers and eye involvement. Although the pathogenesis remains poorly understood, a variety of studies have demonstrated that genetic predisposition is a major factor in disease susceptibility. Peculiar geographical distribution of BD along the ancient Silk Road has been regarded as evidence supporting genetic influence. The observed aggregation of BD in families of patients with BD is also supportive for a genetic component in its etiology. HLA-B51 (B510101 subtype) is th...
Source: Pathology Research International - December 2, 2014 Category: Pathology Tags: Patholog Res Int Source Type: research
Histopathological Evaluation of Behçet's Disease and Identification of New Skin Lesions.
Authors: Gündüz O
Abstract
Behçet's disease (BD) is a multisystemic, relapsing inflammatory disorder with an obscure etiology and pathogenesis. Diagnosis depends on the clinician's ability to identify a group of nonspecific mucocutaneous lesions, which also manifest in a number of other diseases. In recent years, there has been an increase in the studies focusing on the histopathological aspects of Behçet's disease diagnostic mucocutaneous lesions. Their results emphasize the value of histopathology and direct immunofluorescence (DIF) in the differential diagnosis of Behçet's disease.
PMID: 22...
Source: Pathology Research International - December 2, 2014 Category: Pathology Tags: Patholog Res Int Source Type: research
Association between AgNORs and Immunohistochemical Expression of ER, PR, HER2/neu, and p53 in Breast Carcinoma.
Conclusion. We recommend the use of mean AgNOR count for accurate reporting of breast carcinomas, as well as prediction of ER, PR, and P53 in routine paraffin sections.
PMID: 22135766 [PubMed] (Source: Pathology Research International)
Source: Pathology Research International - December 2, 2014 Category: Pathology Tags: Patholog Res Int Source Type: research
Fine-needle aspiration cytology: an advancing horizon.
Authors: Jhala D, Wee A, Tse G, Baloch Z
PMID: 22135767 [PubMed] (Source: Pathology Research International)
Source: Pathology Research International - December 2, 2014 Category: Pathology Tags: Patholog Res Int Source Type: research
