Surgical management of oesophageal atresia
There have been major advances in the surgery for oesophageal atresia (OA) and tracheo-oesophageal fistula(TOF) with survival now exceeding 90%. The standard open approach to OA and distal TOF has been well described and essentially unchanged for the last 60 years. Improved survival in recent decades is most attributable to advances in neonatal anaesthesia and perioperative care. Recent surgical advances include the use of thoracoscopic surgery for the repair of OA/TOF and in some centres isolated OA, thereby minimising the long term musculo-skeletal morbidity associated with open surgery. (Source: Paediatric Respiratory Reviews)
Source: Paediatric Respiratory Reviews - April 20, 2016 Category: Respiratory Medicine Authors: Warwick J. Teague, Jonathan Karpelowsky Tags: Mini-symposium: Oesophageal Atresia and Tracheo-oesophageal Fistula Source Type: research
Obstructive Sleep Apnoea: Children are not little Adults
During a child's development, several important developmental physiological sleep processes occur, and, occasionally, pathological disorders are manifested, which results in differences between obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA) in adults and children. There are major differences in sleep and respiratory physiology as well as OSA symptoms and treatment options between children and adults. Many practitioners do not realize these differences, which results in delays in the diagnosis and treatment of OSA in children. (Source: Paediatric Respiratory Reviews)
Source: Paediatric Respiratory Reviews - April 20, 2016 Category: Respiratory Medicine Authors: Haya Alsubie, Ahmed S. BaHammam Tags: Review Source Type: research
Surgical management of oesophageal atresia
There have been major advances in the surgery for oesophageal atresia (OA) and trachea-oesophageal fistula(TOF) with survival now exceeding 90%. The standard open approach to OA and distal TOF has been well described and essentially unchanged for the last 60 years. Improved survival in recent decades is most attributable to advances in neonatal anaesthesia and perioperative care. Recent surgical advances include the use of thoracoscopic surgery for the repair of OA/TOF and in some centres isolated OA, thereby minimising the long term musculo-skeletal morbidity associated with open surgery. (Source: Paediatric Respiratory Reviews)
Source: Paediatric Respiratory Reviews - April 20, 2016 Category: Respiratory Medicine Authors: Warwick J. Teague, Jonathan Karpelowsky Tags: Mini-symposium Source Type: research
Basic principles of respiratory function monitoring in ventilated newborns: A review
Respiratory monitoring during mechanical ventilation provides a real-time picture of patient-ventilator interaction and is a prerequisite for lung-protective ventilation. Nowadays, measurements of airflow, tidal volume and applied pressures are standard in neonatal ventilators. The measurement of lung volume during mechanical ventilation by tracer gas washout techniques is still under development. The clinical use of capnography, although well established in adults, has not been embraced by neonatologists because of technical and methodological problems in very small infants. (Source: Paediatric Respiratory Reviews)
Source: Paediatric Respiratory Reviews - March 22, 2016 Category: Respiratory Medicine Authors: Gerd Schmalisch Tags: Review Source Type: research
Today's Science - Tomorrow's Medicine
Would anyone reading the May, 1959 issue of the American Journal of Diseases of Children have recognized that the article by Mary Ellen Avery and Jere Mead, titled “Surface properties in relation to atelectasis and hyaline membrane disease” [1] would lead to the surfactant replacement therapy that has had such a profound effect on the survival of very premature infants? Probably not. It is more likely that those who leafed through Science in September 1989 and saw Bathseva Kerem's paper [2] describing the sequence of the CFTR gene knew that this would lead to something, which so far has turned into the CFTR modulators...
Source: Paediatric Respiratory Reviews - March 21, 2016 Category: Respiratory Medicine Authors: Henry J. Rozycki Tags: Editorial Source Type: research
Today's Science - Tomorrow's Medicine
(Source: Paediatric Respiratory Reviews)
Source: Paediatric Respiratory Reviews - March 21, 2016 Category: Respiratory Medicine Authors: Henry J. Rozycki Source Type: research
Why Clinical Practice Guidelines Hinder Rather Than Help
Asthma is the leading cause of hospitalization among children. Recognition of inadequate control of asthma stimulated the development of Guidelines by an Expert Panel convened by the National Asthma and Prevention Program of the National Institute of Health. Those Guidelines with several revisions spanning 24 years were well-intentioned but ineffective at altering the continued high prevalence of urgent care and hospitalization among children with asthma. Meanwhile, there is strong evidence that specialists, with their greater clinical experience and knowledge have demonstrated excellent outcome compared with non-specialis...
Source: Paediatric Respiratory Reviews - March 19, 2016 Category: Respiratory Medicine Authors: Miles Weinberger Source Type: research
Non-invasive ventilation in paediatric critical care
(Source: Paediatric Respiratory Reviews)
Source: Paediatric Respiratory Reviews - March 14, 2016 Category: Respiratory Medicine Authors: Sarah L Morley Source Type: research
A systematic review of studies examining the rate of lung function decline in patients with cystic fibrosis
A systematic review was performed (i) to describe the reported overall rate of progression of CF lung disease quantified as FEV1%predicted decline with age, (ii) to summarise identified influencing risk factors and (iii) to review methods used to analyse CF lung disease progression data. A search of publications providing FEV1%predicted values over age was conducted in PUBMED and EMBASE. Baseline and rate of FEV1%predicted decline were summarised overall and by identified risk factors. Thirty-nine studies were included and reported variable linear rates of lung function decline in patients with CF. (Source: Paediatric Respiratory Reviews)
Source: Paediatric Respiratory Reviews - March 14, 2016 Category: Respiratory Medicine Authors: Sabariah Noor Harun, Claire Wainwright, Kerenaftali Klein, Stefanie Hennig Source Type: research
A systematic review of early life factors which adversely affect subsequent lung function
It has been known for many years that multiple early life factors can adversely affect lung function and future respiratory health. This is the first systematic review to attempt to analyse all these factors simultaneously. We adhered to strict a priori criteria for inclusion and exclusion of studies. The initial search yielded 29,351 citations of which 208 articles were reviewed in full and 25 were included in the review. This included 6 birth cohorts and 19 longitudinal population studies. The 25 studies reported the effect of 74 childhood factors (on their own or in combinations with other factors) on subsequent lung fu...
Source: Paediatric Respiratory Reviews - March 14, 2016 Category: Respiratory Medicine Authors: A Kouzouna, FJ Gilchrist, V Ball, T Kyriacou, J Henderson, AD Pandyan, W Lenney Source Type: research
Non-invasive ventilation in paediatric critical care
This article will explore the physiological benefits, complications and epidemiology of the different modes of NIV including continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP), non-invasive positive pressure ventilation (NIPPV) and high-flow nasal cannula oxygen (HFNC). (Source: Paediatric Respiratory Reviews)
Source: Paediatric Respiratory Reviews - March 13, 2016 Category: Respiratory Medicine Authors: Sarah L. Morley Tags: Mini-Symposium: Ventilation strategies in the paediatric intensive care unit Source Type: research
A systematic review of studies examining the rate of lung function decline in patients with cystic fibrosis
A systematic review was performed (i) to describe the reported overall rate of progression of CF lung disease quantified as FEV1%predicted decline with age, (ii) to summarise identified influencing risk factors and (iii) to review methods used to analyse CF lung disease progression data. A search of publications providing FEV1%predicted values over age was conducted in PUBMED and EMBASE. Baseline and rate of FEV1%predicted decline were summarised overall and by identified risk factors. Thirty-nine studies were included and reported variable linear rates of lung function decline in patients with CF. (Source: Paediatric Respiratory Reviews)
Source: Paediatric Respiratory Reviews - March 13, 2016 Category: Respiratory Medicine Authors: Sabariah Noor Harun, Claire Wainwright, Kerenaftali Klein, Stefanie Hennig Tags: Review Source Type: research
A systematic review of early life factors which adversely affect subsequent lung function
It has been known for many years that multiple early life factors can adversely affect lung function and future respiratory health. This is the first systematic review to attempt to analyse all these factors simultaneously. We adhered to strict a priori criteria for inclusion and exclusion of studies. The initial search yielded 29,351 citations of which 208 articles were reviewed in full and 25 were included in the review. This included 6 birth cohorts and 19 longitudinal population studies. The 25 studies reported the effect of 74 childhood factors (on their own or in combinations with other factors) on subsequent lung fu...
Source: Paediatric Respiratory Reviews - March 13, 2016 Category: Respiratory Medicine Authors: A. Kouzouna, F.J. Gilchrist, V. Ball, T. Kyriacou, J. Henderson, A.D. Pandyan, W. Lenney Tags: Review Source Type: research
