Ophthalmic Surgery, Lasers and Imaging : the Official Journal of the International Society for Imaging in the Eye This is an RSS file. You can use it to subscribe to this data in your favourite RSS reader or to display this data on your own website or blog.

Frequency of Bevacizumab and Ranibizumab Injections for Diabetic Macular Edema in Medicare Beneficiaries
Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is the leading cause of blindness in individuals aged between 20 years and 74 years in the United States.1 Among those with DR, the number one cause of visual impairment is diabetic macular edema (DME).2 The advent of anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) agents for the treatment of DME has greatly improved clinical outcomes in patients compared to laser therapy.3 However, the annual costs of anti-VEGF therapy exceeded $2.3 billion among the fee-for-service (FFS) Medicare population in 2008.4 Medicare reimbursements were $50 per bevacizumab (Avastin; (Source: Ophthalmic Surgery, Lasers an...
Source: Ophthalmic Surgery, Lasers and Imaging : the Official Journal of the International Society for Imaging in the Eye - April 19, 2018 Category: Opthalmology Authors: Connie M. Wu, MD Source Type: research

Erratum for “Evaluation of Choroidal Hemangioma and Treatment With Photodynamic Therapy by Using Enhanced Depth Imaging Optical Coherence Tomography”
The article “Evaluation of Choroidal Hemangioma and Treatment With Photodynamic Therapy by Using Enhanced Depth Imaging Optical Coherence Tomography” by Zeynep Gursel Ozkurt, MD; Naziha Slimani, MD; and Hakan Demirci, MD, which was published in the March 2018 issue of Ophthalmic Surgery, Lasers and Imaging Retina (volume 49, number 3, pp. 171–178), has been amended to include factual corrections. An error was identified subsequent to its original publication. Dr. Slimani's name was incorrectly published as “Naziha Salimani, MD,” instead of “Naziha Slimani, MD.” (Source: Ophthalmic Surgery, Lasers and Imaging ...
Source: Ophthalmic Surgery, Lasers and Imaging : the Official Journal of the International Society for Imaging in the Eye - April 19, 2018 Category: Opthalmology Authors: TBD Source Type: research

Choroidal Caverns: A Previously Unreported Optical Coherence Tomography Finding in Best Vitelliform Dystrophy
A 15-year-old boy was referred to our department with diagnosis of Best vitelliform macular dystrophy (VDM). His best-corrected visual acuity was 20/20 in his right eye (OD) and 20/32 in his left eye (OS) with no significant refractive error. Slit-lamp examination of anterior segment was unremarkable. Dilated fundus examination revealed slight retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) changes in the macula OD and presence of subretinal yellowish material in macular area OS (Figure 1). Intraocular pressure was 14 mm Hg in both eyes (Goldmann applanation tonometer; Haag-Streit, K öniz, Switzerland). (Source: Ophthalmic Surgery, Lase...
Source: Ophthalmic Surgery, Lasers and Imaging : the Official Journal of the International Society for Imaging in the Eye - April 19, 2018 Category: Opthalmology Authors: Adriano Carnevali, MD Source Type: research

Intravitreal Ziv-Aflibercept for Diabetic Macular Edema: 48-Week Outcomes
Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is the leading cause of blindness in developing countries, especially in the working-age population.1 Diabetic macular edema (DME) is the most common cause of vision loss of DR, occurring in up to 12% of patients with type 1 and 28% of patients with type 2 diabetes .2,3 Thus, the treatment of DME remains one of the main challenges for the ophthalmological community.DME occurs from leakage of plasma into the central retina resulting in excess of interstitial fluid and thickening of the retina.4,5 The excess of interstitial fluid in the macula results in stretching and (Source: Ophthalmic Surgery, L...
Source: Ophthalmic Surgery, Lasers and Imaging : the Official Journal of the International Society for Imaging in the Eye - April 19, 2018 Category: Opthalmology Authors: Gabriel Costa de Andrade, MD Source Type: research

Letter to the Editor: Ranibizumab 0.3 mg for Persistent Diabetic Macular Edema After Recent, Frequent, and Chronic Bevacizumab: The ROTATE Trial
In this study, there was a selection bias attributable to the inclusion of eyes that had received various treatments before enrollment, namely focal laser therapy (FLT), panretinal photocoagulation (PRP), and intravitreal bevacizumab (Avastin; Genentech, South San Francisco, CA). Moreover, this study allowed for the inclusion of eyes with epiretinal membranes (ERMs) and vitreomacular adhesions (VMAs) per investigator discretion.The following (Source: Ophthalmic Surgery, Lasers and Imaging : the Official Journal of the International Society for Imaging in the Eye)
Source: Ophthalmic Surgery, Lasers and Imaging : the Official Journal of the International Society for Imaging in the Eye - March 21, 2018 Category: Opthalmology Authors: Dan C ălugăru, MD, PhD Source Type: research

Coming of Age: Biosimilars
Howard F. Fine Practical Retina Co-EditorThe 20-year clock on drug patents begins ticking upon the invention of a drug, rather than upon drug approval by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA). The process of FDA approval is lengthy: pushing a novel medication through phase 1, 2, and 3 trials can often approach 8 or more years. Just over a decade ago, the dawn of the anti-vascular endothelial growth factor era ushered in a dramatic change in the treatment of a number of major retinal diseases, now including exudative age-related macular degeneration, vein occlusion, diabetes, and myopic (Source: Ophthalmic Surgery, La...
Source: Ophthalmic Surgery, Lasers and Imaging : the Official Journal of the International Society for Imaging in the Eye - March 21, 2018 Category: Opthalmology Authors: Szilard Kiss, MD Source Type: research

Swept-Source OCT Angiographic Imaging of a Central Retinal Vein Occlusion During Pregnancy
Distinguishing between a nonischemic and an ischemic central retinal vein occlusion (CRVO) usually requires fluorescein angiography (FA). FA interpretation of the angiogram could be difficult since areas of hypofluorescence might represent ischemia or areas of blockage due to hemorrhage.1 Categorizing a CRVO as ischemic or nonischemic is helpful in establishing a prognosis for the patient. However, in pregnancy, it remains unclear whether FA can cause fetal harm.2 A non-risky alternative is to perform a 12 mm × 12 mm swept-source optical coherence tomography angiography (SS-OCTA) scan to (Source: Ophthalmic Surgery, Laser...
Source: Ophthalmic Surgery, Lasers and Imaging : the Official Journal of the International Society for Imaging in the Eye - March 21, 2018 Category: Opthalmology Authors: Elie Motulsky, MD, PhD Source Type: research

An Uncommon Presentation of a Scleral Cyst
Scleral cyst is an unusual, rare clinical condition. Most of the cases reported have described the cyst to occur at the limbus, with or without involvement of the cornea.1 –3 In this case report, we describe a case of posterior scleral cyst that presented as an intraocular mass.An 11-year-old boy was referred to our outpatient department with a diagnosis of choroidal melanoma in right eye picked up on routine fundus examination by the referring ophthalmologist. His best-corrected visual acuity was 20/20 in both eyes. Intraocular pressure was 20 mm Hg and 18 mm Hg in right and left eye, (Source: Ophthalmic Surgery, Lasers...
Source: Ophthalmic Surgery, Lasers and Imaging : the Official Journal of the International Society for Imaging in the Eye - March 21, 2018 Category: Opthalmology Authors: Mahesh Shanmugam, FRCS(Ed), PhD Source Type: research

High-Definition Optical Coherence Tomography of the Macula in Deprivational Amblyopia
Amblyopia is sub-normal visual acuity (VA) in one or both eyes that cannot be improved by optical correction in the absence of any organic disease.1 Amblyopia can be caused by strabismus, anisometropia, or deprivation early in life.2 Deprivation is known to have the strongest potential of all amblyogenic conditions.3 Structural changes in amblyopic eyes compared to control eyes have been the focus of many studies.4,5 Bilateral structural change in amblyopic patients has also been described with decreased contrast sensitivity function and the evidence of macular scotomata in fellow (Source: Ophthalmic Surgery, Lasers and Im...
Source: Ophthalmic Surgery, Lasers and Imaging : the Official Journal of the International Society for Imaging in the Eye - March 21, 2018 Category: Opthalmology Authors: Christiane Al-Haddad, MD Source Type: research

36-Month Evaluation of Intravitreous Aflibercept Injection for Wet Age-Related Macular Degeneration in Patients Previously Treated With Ranibizumab or Bevacizumab
Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is the leading cause of blindness in individuals older than 50 years of age in the developed world.1 Studies have estimated that 8.7% of the population worldwide have AMD, and, with the current aging tendency, projections are that by 2020, there will be 196 million with the disease and 288 million by 2040.2 Intravitreous anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) is currently the gold standard treatment for neovascular AMD. The effectiveness of anti-VEGF agents in the treatment of neovascular AMD has been reported in several studies. Aflibercept (Source: Ophthalmic Surgery, Lasers...
Source: Ophthalmic Surgery, Lasers and Imaging : the Official Journal of the International Society for Imaging in the Eye - March 21, 2018 Category: Opthalmology Authors: Felipe F. Conti, MD Source Type: research

Presumed Solitary Circumscribed Retinal Astrocytic Proliferation in the Fovea With OCT Angiography: A Misnomer
Presumed solitary circumscribed retinal astrocytic proliferation (pSCRAP) is a rare retinal tumor typically located posterior to the equator of the eye. In previously reported cases, vision is not affected by the lesion, as it is often outside the macula and discovered incidentally.1pSCRAP needs to be differentiated from retinal astrocytic hamartoma, which arises from the retinal nerve fiber layer and can be associated with tuberous sclerosis and similar systemic findings.2 Multimodal imaging can be helpful to establish the diagnosis. Optical coherence tomography (OCT) demonstrated that (Source: Ophthalmic Surgery, Lasers ...
Source: Ophthalmic Surgery, Lasers and Imaging : the Official Journal of the International Society for Imaging in the Eye - March 21, 2018 Category: Opthalmology Authors: Roger A. Goldberg, MD, MBA Source Type: research

Choroidal Vascularity Index in Retinitis Pigmentosa: An OCT Study
Retinitis pigmentosa (RP) is an inherited retinal disease that results in progressive deterioration of rod and cone photoreceptors. This process is associated with retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) changes.1 It is thought that RPE cell loss leads to atrophy of choroidal vessels.2 Several studies have reported changes in choroidal structure and thickness in eyes with RP.3 –6 Several histopathological studies have confirmed that the reduced ocular blood flow is the primary event (cause) secondary to retinal vessels damage in patients with RP. Narrowing of vessels and sclerosis of vessels, (Source: Ophthalmic Surgery, Lasers...
Source: Ophthalmic Surgery, Lasers and Imaging : the Official Journal of the International Society for Imaging in the Eye - March 21, 2018 Category: Opthalmology Authors: Roy Tan, MMed Source Type: research

Appointment Compliance in Patients With Diabetic Macular Edema and Exudative Macular Degeneration
The number of patients diagnosed with diabetes worldwide is projected to increase from 415 million in 2015 to 642 million in 2040, putting these patients at an increased risk for developing other comorbidities.1 These associated health care complications can include loss of vision, kidney disease, and cardiovascular disease.2 Vision loss is worsened by the progression of diabetic retinopathy to diabetic macular edema (DME). DME is the leading cause of vision loss in diabetic patients, affecting approximately 750,000 people in the United States.3 Approximately 4% of diabetic patients older (Source: Ophthalmic Surgery, Laser...
Source: Ophthalmic Surgery, Lasers and Imaging : the Official Journal of the International Society for Imaging in the Eye - March 21, 2018 Category: Opthalmology Authors: Michael E. Jansen, MD Source Type: research

Evaluation of Choroidal Hemangioma and Treatment With Photodynamic Therapy by Using Enhanced Depth Imaging Optical Coherence Tomography
Diagnosis of circumscribed choroidal hemangioma could be challenging in some patients. The classical features of orange colored mass on fundus examination, acoustic solidity and high internal reflectivity on B- and A-scan ultrasonography, and late “wash-out” hypofluorescence on the late phase of indocyanine green angiography might not be enough for diagnosis. In a review of 200 circumscribed choroidal hemangiomas, Shields et al. reported that 38% of cases were initially diagnosed as choroidal melanoma or metastasis before referral to the ocular oncology center.1With axial resolution up to 5 (Source: Ophthalmic Surgery,...
Source: Ophthalmic Surgery, Lasers and Imaging : the Official Journal of the International Society for Imaging in the Eye - March 21, 2018 Category: Opthalmology Authors: Zeynep Gursel Ozkurt, MD Source Type: research

Switching Anti-Vascular Endothelial Growth Factors in Refractory Neovascular Age-Related Macular Degeneration
Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is the leading cause of irreversible visual loss in patients older than 50 years in developed countries.1 There are currently three available drugs for the treatment of neovascular AMD: off-label use of bevacizumab (Avastin; Genentech, South San Francisco, CA), on-label use of ranibizumab (Lucentis; Genentech, South San Francisco, CA), and aflibercept (Eylea; Regeneron, Tarrytown, NY). Results from randomized clinical trials (RCTs) have demonstrated the efficacy of anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) agents in improving vision and preventing (Source: Ophthalmic Surgery, Las...
Source: Ophthalmic Surgery, Lasers and Imaging : the Official Journal of the International Society for Imaging in the Eye - March 21, 2018 Category: Opthalmology Authors: Mohammed Ashraf, FRCOphth Source Type: research