The balancing roles of mechanical forces during left-right patterning and asymmetric morphogenesis
Publication date: Available online 5 November 2016 Source:Mechanisms of Development Author(s): Rita R. Ferreira, Julien Vermot Left-right patterning and asymmetric morphogenesis arise from a dynamic set of molecular and cellular interactions that are particularly dynamic and associated with mechanical forces. How do mechanical forces translate into tissular asymmetries? Are these forces asymmetrical de novo, or do they build up from pre-existing asymmetries? Advances in developmental genetics, live imaging and cell biology have recently shed light on the origins of mechanical forces generated at the cell scale and thei...
Source: Mechanisms of Development - November 4, 2016 Category: Biology Source Type: research
Apoptotic forces in tissue morphogenesis
Publication date: Available online 19 October 2016 Source:Mechanisms of Development Author(s): Arnaud Ambrosini, Mélanie Gracia, Amsha Proag, Mégane Rayer, Bruno Monier, Magali Suzanne It is now well established that apoptosis is induced in response to mechanical strain. Indeed, increasing compressive forces induces apoptosis in confined spheroids of tumour cells, whereas releasing stress reduces apoptosis in spheroids cultivated in free suspension (Cheng et al., 2009). Apoptosis can also be induced by applying a 100 to 250MPa pressure, as shown in different cultured cells (for review, see (Frey et al., 2008)). D...
Source: Mechanisms of Development - October 28, 2016 Category: Biology Source Type: research
Repression activity of Tailless on h 1 and eve 1 pair-rule stripes
Publication date: Available online 20 October 2016 Source:Mechanisms of Development Author(s): Luiz Paulo Andrioli, Wesley Silva dos Santos, Francisco dos Santos Aguiar, Luciano Antonio Digiampietri We investigated the hypothesis that several transcriptional repressors are necessary to set the boundaries of anterior pair-rule stripes in Drosophila. Specifically, we tested whether Tailless (Tll) is part of a repression mechanism that correctly sets the anterior boundaries of hairy 1 (h 1) and even-skipped 1 (eve 1) stripes. Single mutant tll embryos displayed subtle deviations from the normal positions of h 1 and eve ...
Source: Mechanisms of Development - October 28, 2016 Category: Biology Source Type: research
Forces shaping the Drosophila wing
Publication date: Available online 23 October 2016 Source:Mechanisms of Development Author(s): M.C. Diaz de la Loza, B.J. Thompson How genes encode the three-dimensional shape of tissues is a fascinating problem in biology. Pioneering genetic studies in the fruit fly Drosophila have identified key genes that control the generation of force patterns in the developing wing. Shortrange force patterns generated by planar polarised myosins can promote boundary formation and tissue elongation during the larval wing disc stage. Long-range force patterns are also crucial to shaping the wing during the pupal stage. We review th...
Source: Mechanisms of Development - October 28, 2016 Category: Biology Source Type: research
VEGF regulates relative allocation of Isl1+ cardiac progenitors to myocardial and endocardial lineages
Publication date: Available online 26 October 2016 Source:Mechanisms of Development Author(s): Zhiheng He, Myriam Grunewald, Yuval Dor, Eli Keshet A fundamental issue in organogenesis is how dichotomous fate decisions are made securing proper allocation of multipotent progenitors to their respective descendants. Previous lineage tracing analyses showing Isl1+/VEGFR2+ cardiac progenitors in the second heart field give rise to both endocardium and myocardium suggest VEGF plays a role in this fate decision, conceivably promoting an endocardial fate. Isl1+ multipotent progenitors and lineage-committed descendants thereof...
Source: Mechanisms of Development - October 28, 2016 Category: Biology Source Type: research
