Postmortem computed tomography evaluation of fatal gas embolism due to connection of an intravenous cannula to an oxygen supply
Postmortem computed tomography (PMCT) is becoming common in the practice of forensic medicine [1,2]. Imaging methods have revolutionized not only forensic diagnosis but also the documentation of evidence that can be applicable in court proceedings [3]. In addition, PMCT is a superior tool for finding air within the body, such as pneumothorax and gas embolism of the heart and great vessels [4,5]. Traditional invasive autopsy may miss a cardiac gas embolus unless the conventional autopsy techniques are employed. (Source: Legal Medicine)
Source: Legal Medicine - May 26, 2017 Category: Forensic Medicine Authors: Yoichiro Takahashi, Rie Sano, Akiyuki Yasuda, Eri Kuboya, Keiko Takahashi, Rieko Kubo, Yoshihiko Kominato, Hiroyuki Takei, Susumu Kobayashi, Takehiro Shimada, Sachiko Awata, Hiroyuki Tokue, Satoshi Hirasawa Tags: Case Report Source Type: research
Postmortem computed tomography evaluation of fatal gas embolismdue to connection of an intravenous cannula to an oxygen supply
Postmortem computed tomography (PMCT) is becoming common in the practice of forensic medicine [1,2]. Imaging methods have revolutionized not only forensic diagnosis but also the documentation of evidence that can be applicable in court proceedings [3]. In addition, PMCT is a superior tool for finding air within the body, such as pneumothorax and gas embolism of the heart and great vessels [4,5]. Traditional invasive autopsy may miss a cardiac gas embolus unless the conventional autopsy techniques are employed. (Source: Legal Medicine)
Source: Legal Medicine - May 26, 2017 Category: Forensic Medicine Authors: Yoichiro Takahashi, Rie Sano, Akiyuki Yasuda, Eri Kuboya, Keiko Takahashi, Rieko Kubo, Yoshihiko Kominato, Hiroyuki Takei, Susumu Kobayashi, Takehiro Shimada, Sachiko Awata, Hiroyuki Tokue, Satoshi Hirasawa Tags: Case Report Source Type: research
DNA analysis of root canal-filled teeth
Corpses examined in legal medicine exhibit a variety of post-mortem changes. It is not rare to carry out individual identifications of highly decomposed or skeletonized corpses by DNA analysis; hard tissues such as teeth [1 –3] or bone [4] are used as samples for the identifications. Teeth are extremely resistant to physicochemical influences. The prototype is maintained with the occurrence of very few post-mortem changes, thus enabling its frequent use in forensics. Furthermore, the dental pulp is surrounded by hard tissues such as enamel, dentine, and cementum, and is therefore well preserved and most suitable for gene...
Source: Legal Medicine - May 10, 2017 Category: Forensic Medicine Authors: Hikaru Izawa, Hirofumi Tsutsumi, Sayaka Maruyama, Toshinobu Komuro Source Type: research
Pharmacokinetic Analyses using Absorption Kinetics in Low-Alcohol Dose Cases of Drunken Driving
In Japan, driving a car under the influence of alcohol (DUI) is a large social problem. Since the 2000s, many horrific fatal accidents caused by drunken drivers have resulted in people demanding stricter laws, and repeated revisions to sections of the Road Traffic Act have seen harsher penalties for drunken driving being introduced and enforced. As a result of these stricter changes, the rate of fatal accidents caused by drunken drivers has decreased, whereas low-alcohol dose cases of drunken driving are still being registered [1 –3]. (Source: Legal Medicine)
Source: Legal Medicine - May 5, 2017 Category: Forensic Medicine Authors: Ayako Himemiya-Hakucho, Tatsuya Fujimiya Source Type: research
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Source: Legal Medicine - May 1, 2017 Category: Forensic Medicine Source Type: research
Forensic Applications of Y chromosomal properties
A Y chromosome is possessed by a normal human male and is absent in normal human female. Around 200 genes are present on it which is responsible for determining the male-specific characters like testis development early in the embryogenesis [1]. (Source: Legal Medicine)
Source: Legal Medicine - April 17, 2017 Category: Forensic Medicine Authors: Khushbukhat Khan, Muhammad Hassan Siddiqi, Maryam Abbas, Maha Almas, Muhammad Idrees Source Type: research
When a death apparently associated to sexual assault is instead a natural death due to idiopathic hypereosinophilic syndrome: the importance of gamma-hydroxybutyric acid analysis in vitreous humor
We here report a case involving a 21-year-old female, found dead in a central square of a city in the south of Italy. Initial evidences and circumstances were suggestive of a death associated with a sexual assault. Two peripheral blood and two vitreous humor samples were collected for the purpose of gamma-hydroxybutyric acid (GHB) testing from the dead body at two different post-mortem intervals (PMIs): approximately 2 (t0) and 36 (t1) hours. The obtained results showed that, between t0 and t1, there was an increase of GHB concentrations in peripheral blood and vitreous humor of 66.3% and 8.1%, respectively. (Source: Legal Medicine)
Source: Legal Medicine - April 10, 2017 Category: Forensic Medicine Authors: Francesco Paolo Busard ò, Francesca Portelli, Angelo Montana, Maria Concetta Rotolo, Simona Pichini, Emiliano Maresi Tags: Case Report Source Type: research
A report of novel psychoactive substances in forensic autopsy cases and a review of fatal cases in the literature
Dear Editor (Source: Legal Medicine)
Source: Legal Medicine - April 5, 2017 Category: Forensic Medicine Authors: Shin-ichi Kubo, Brian Waters, Kenji Hara, Tatsushige Fukunaga, Kazuya Ikematsu Source Type: research
Haplotype diversity of 17 Y-chromosome STR loci in Han population from different areas of Sichuan province, Southwest China
Sichuan is a basin surrounded by mighty mountains. The plateau in western Sichuan is an eastern extension of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau from where Tibetan, Qiang, Yi, and other ethnic groups originated. Throughout history, as the main passageway and hub for economic and cultural exchanges between Han in the Central Plains and Tibetan, Sichuan has always been an exclusive region where the intermittent migration and gene flow exist. Nowadays, Han population in Sichuan accounting for about 98.81% of the province's population, according to the 2010 National Population Census (http://www.stats.gov.cn/tjsj/pcsj/rkpc/6rp/indexch.h...
Source: Legal Medicine - March 29, 2017 Category: Forensic Medicine Authors: Guangyao Fan, Wei Li, Yi Ye, Xuebo Li, Wendong Ge, Yongqiang Yang, Bing Long Tags: Announcement of Population Data Source Type: research
Age estimation by the Cameriere ’s normalized measurements (CNM) of the single permanent mandibular tooth on a panoramic radiograph
There is no deficiency in the literature on dental development, and many articles have been written on the methods of dental age estimation [1]. Age estimation of non-adult subjects represents an important part of clinical medicine and dentistry like pediatric endocrinology and orthodontics, forensic odontology and human anthropology [2]. It can be employed in age-at-death estimation for the identification of deceased individuals for legal purposes, but also to provide relevant information about past populations from archaeological remains [3,4]. (Source: Legal Medicine)
Source: Legal Medicine - March 24, 2017 Category: Forensic Medicine Authors: Ivan Gali ć, Andrea Pacifici, Daniele Carbone, Luciano Pacifici, Ana Jerončić, Roberto Cameriere Source Type: research
Forensic Efficiency parameters of the Investigator Argus X-12 kit in women from two Mestizo and seven Amerindian populations from Mexico
We analyzed a total sample of 641 unrelated Mexican females. Considering the previously described population structure of Mexican-Mestizos [1], samples were taken from the states of Tijuana, Monterrey, and Jalisco representing the Northwest region (n= 309), and from the Yucatan Peninsula on behalf of the Southeast region. Similarly, we studied seven Mexican Amerindian groups (n= 332). They were clustered according to genetic and geographic criteria as follows [2]: i) Northwest region, including Tarahumaras and Huicholes. (Source: Legal Medicine)
Source: Legal Medicine - March 24, 2017 Category: Forensic Medicine Authors: I. Cort és-Trujillo, B. Ramos-González, O. Salas-Salas, F. Zuñiga-Chiquette, A. Zetina Hernández, G. Martínez-Cortés, M. Ruiz-Hernández, A. González-Martín, J.F. Ferragut, H. Rangel-Villalobos Tags: Announcement of Population Data Source Type: research
Geometric morphometric and traditional methods for sex assessment using the posterior ilium
Sex estimation of human skeletal remains is a key step in forensic identification as well as in bioarchaeological studies. The most accurate sex estimation is provided by the hip bone because of the strong selective pressure on female pelvis during the evolutionary process of increasing encephalization [1]. The enlargement of pelvic canal dimensions after acetabular fusion is accompanied with changes in pelvic articulations as a pubic symphysis and sacroiliac joints [2]. This is in concordance with the fact that the highest accuracy of sex determination can be achieved using features of the ischiopubic and sacroiliac hip b...
Source: Legal Medicine - March 17, 2017 Category: Forensic Medicine Authors: Rebeka Rmoutilov á, Ján Dupej, Jana Velemínská, Jaroslav Brůžek Source Type: research
A systematic review on ricochet gunshot injuries
Projectile ricochet is defined as “the continued flight of a rebounded projectile and/or major projectile fragments after a low-angle impact with a surface or object” [1]. Ricocheted bullets may still be able to cause injuries even after having suffered some loss in velocity. Unintentional injuries and deaths resulting from rico cheted bullets have been reported occasionally, and sometimes the manner of death in such incidents is controversial [2–4]. The Handbook of Forensic Pathology, published by the College of American Pathologists (2003) [5], stated that “death of one who is struck by a ricochet from a firearm ...
Source: Legal Medicine - March 10, 2017 Category: Forensic Medicine Authors: Yuw-Er Yong Source Type: research
A systemic review on ricochet gunshot injuries
Projectile ricochet is defined as “the continued flight of a rebounded projectile and/or major projectile fragments after a low-angle impact with a surface or object”[1]. Ricocheted bullets may still be able to cause injuries even after having suffered some loss in velocity. Unintentional injuries and deaths resulting from ricoc heted bullets have been reported occasionally, and sometimes the manner of death in such incidents is controversial.[2–4] The Handbook of Forensic Pathology, published by the College of American Pathologists (2003)[5], stated that “death of one who is struck by a ricochet from a firearm fir...
Source: Legal Medicine - March 9, 2017 Category: Forensic Medicine Authors: Yuw-Er Yong Source Type: research
Population genetic analysis of Xiamen Han population on 21 short tandem repeat loci
a set of highly polymorphic short tandem repeat (STR) loci for human individual identification (HID) has proven to be successful in forensic investigations[1] . A total of 24 autosomal STR loci were commonly used in forensics[2], which were embedded in several multiplex amplification kits. Recently, the six-dye GlobalFiler ™ Express Amplification kit were developed by Thermo Fisher Scientific company [3], which includes 21 autosomal STRs of above 24 markers and three gender determination loci (Amelogenin, Yindel, and DYS391). (Source: Legal Medicine)
Source: Legal Medicine - March 6, 2017 Category: Forensic Medicine Authors: Lili Wu, Bin Pei, Peng Ran, Xiuyu Song Tags: Announcement of Population Data Source Type: research
