Sexual Dimorphism And Regional Variation In Human Frontal Bone Inclination Measured Via Digital 3d Models †
The human skull is one of the primary components of the skeleton used to differentiate males from females in forensic and archaeological contexts. Sex differences in the patterns of growth and development, including hormones introduced at puberty, produce both size and shape differences in male and female skulls. On average, males have a larger skull than females [1]. In addition to size, dozens of morphological features contribute to the sexual dimorphism of the skull, and studies have shown that these traits are more sexually diagnostic than size alone [2]. (Source: Legal Medicine)
Source: Legal Medicine - October 5, 2017 Category: Forensic Medicine Authors: Anja Petaros, Heather M. Garvin, Sabrina B. Sholts, Stefan Schlager, Sebastian K.T.S. W ärmländer Source Type: research
Detection of butane gas inhalation at 16days after hypoxic encephalopathy: A case report
Butane (C4H10), a 4-carbon aliphatic hydrocarbon, is a highly lipid soluble and flammable gas contained in common commercial products including cigarette or charcoal lighter fluid, liquefied petroleum gas, hair spray, aerosol antiperspirants, and anticontagious plugging spray. These items, particularly cigarette lighter refills or cans for portable cooking stoves, are frequently used for inhalation abuse, particularly in young people in Japan [1 –6], as they are easy and cheap to purchase. In the present study, we present a case of sudden cardiopulmonary arrest, who died after 16 days in hospital. (Source: Legal Medicine)
Source: Legal Medicine - October 3, 2017 Category: Forensic Medicine Authors: Takako Sato, Hiroshi Nishioka, Kento Tsuboi, Munehiro Katagi, Akihiro Miki, Takashi Saito, Shuntaro Abe, Masakatsu Nomura, Misa Kitagawa, Hitoshi Tsuchihashi, Koichi Suzuki Tags: Case Report Source Type: research
Detection of butane gas inhalation at 16 days after hypoxic encephalopathy: A case report
Butane (C4H10), a 4-carbon aliphatic hydrocarbon, is a highly lipid soluble and flammable gas contained in common commercial products including cigarette or charcoal lighter fluid, liquefied petroleum gas, hair spray, aerosol antiperspirants, and anticontagious plugging spray. These items, particularly cigarette lighter refills or cans for portable cooking stoves, are frequently used for inhalation abuse, particularly in young people in Japan [1 –6], as they are easy and cheap to purchase. In the present study, we present a case of sudden cardiopulmonary arrest, who died after 16 days in hospital. (Source: Legal Medicine)
Source: Legal Medicine - October 3, 2017 Category: Forensic Medicine Authors: Takako Sato, Hiroshi Nishioka, Kento Tsuboi, Munehiro Katagi, Akihiro Miki, Takashi Saito, Shuntaro Abe, Masakatsu Nomura, Misa Kitagawa, Hitoshi Tsuchihashi, Koichi Suzuki Tags: Case Report Source Type: research
Dose-dependent mortality involving convulsions due to subarachnoid Urografin ® injection in rats
Myelography is a type of radiographic examination that is routinely performed using a non-ionic contrast medium to detect pathologies of the spinal cord [1]. However, inadvertent administration of Urografin ®, which is an ionically hypertonic contrast medium used for retrograde urography and percutaneous cholangiography, into the subarachnoid space results in convulsions and acute respiratory failure [2]. These effects can lead to death if they are not treated immediately. The cases of eight survivors and three mortalities have been reported in the literature [2–10]. (Source: Legal Medicine)
Source: Legal Medicine - September 30, 2017 Category: Forensic Medicine Authors: Ryo Shimada, Jiro Ezaki, Kazuhiko Kibayashi Source Type: research
Death due to non-traumatic hemoperitoneum in Milan 2002 –2016, with focus on two cases of abdominal apoplexy (idiopathic spontaneous hemoperitoneum) and review of the literature
Hemoperitoneum is usually caused by a rupture or perforation of a blood vessel or an organ of the abdominal cavity and can be caused by traumas, primary vascular pathologies, aneurysm ruptures. It can also be secondary, as in the case of erosion of a vessel wall by a tumor. Among the causes of hemoperitoneum, the so-called abdominal apoplexy, is very difficult to diagnose and treat: it is caused by spontaneous rupture of an intra-abdominal artery. The term “apoplexy” is derived from the Greek word apoplēxia which means “striking away”. (Source: Legal Medicine)
Source: Legal Medicine - September 23, 2017 Category: Forensic Medicine Authors: Alessio Battistini, Matteo Marchesi, Alberto Amadasi, Alessandra Rancati, Guendalina Gentile, Riccardo Zoja Source Type: research
Death Due to Non-Traumatic Hemoperitoneum in Milan 2002-2016, With Focus on two Cases Of Abdominal Apoplexya (Idiopathic Spontaneous Hemoperitoneum) And Review of the Literature
Hemoperitoneum is usually caused by a rupture or perforation of a blood vessel or an organ of the abdominal cavity and can be caused by traumas, primary vascular pathologies, aneurysm ruptures. It can also be secondary, as in the case of erosion of a vessel wall by a tumor. Among the causes of hemoperitoneum, the so-called abdominal apoplexy, is very difficult to diagnose and treat: it is caused by spontaneous rupture of an intra-abdominal artery. The term “apoplexy” is derived from the Greek word apoplēxia which means “striking away”. (Source: Legal Medicine)
Source: Legal Medicine - September 23, 2017 Category: Forensic Medicine Authors: Alessio Battistini, Matteo Marchesi, Alberto Amadasi, Alessandra Rancati, Guendalina Gentile, Riccardo Zoja Source Type: research
Post mortem CT of intrahepatic gas distribution in twenty-seven victims of a flood: patterns and timing.
Post-mortem computed tomography (PMCT)1 is increasingly gaining impact in the field of forensic pathology. (Source: Legal Medicine)
Source: Legal Medicine - September 21, 2017 Category: Forensic Medicine Authors: Daniela Sapienza, Antonio Bottari, Patrizia Gualniera, Alessio Asmundo, Fabrizio Perri, Michele Gaeta Source Type: research
Genetic polymorphisms for 19 X-STR loci of Sichuan Han ethnicity and its comparison with Chinese populations
Short tandem repeat loci located on the X-chromosome (X-STR) have been evidenced to possess a wide range of forensic utilizations, especially in complicated kinship identification[1]. Because of its characteristic inheritance along with gender, X-STR played a complementary role in forensic analysis using autosomal, Y-chromosomal or mitochondrial genetic markers[2]. Recently, more and more X-STR loci were detected and developed as X-chromosomal STR amplification kit which can be applied in forensic science and population genetic study. (Source: Legal Medicine)
Source: Legal Medicine - September 15, 2017 Category: Forensic Medicine Authors: Guanglin He, Ye Li, Xing Zou, Mengge Wang, Pengyu Chen, Miao Liao, Jin Wu Source Type: research
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Source: Legal Medicine - September 1, 2017 Category: Forensic Medicine Source Type: research
Bone comparison identification method based on chest computed tomography imaging
It is well known that fingerprints, dental impressions, and DNA are useful for forensic identification. Radiographs and computed tomography (CT) imaging have often been used for personal identification [1 –4] and estimation of sex and stature [5–7], particularly in the absence of other comparative samples. There is a report of victim identification performed in the Great East Japan Earthquake and Tsunami on March 11, 2011 by using dental records (including dental radiographs) [8]. These identific ation methods are called “positive identification”, which need to compare between the ante-mortem (AM) and post-mortem (...
Source: Legal Medicine - August 29, 2017 Category: Forensic Medicine Authors: Yusuke Matsunobu, Junji Morishita, Yosuke Usumoto, Miki Okumura, Noriaki Ikeda Source Type: research
Temperature estimations of heated bone: a questionnaire-based study of accuracy and precision of interpretation of bone colour by forensic and physical anthropologists
Information on the temperature to which human skeletal remains have been exposed can be important for the interpretation of archaeological and forensic deposits, for example for fragmentary remains recovered from a fire scene [1]. In such cases, an estimation of the temperature(s) of the fire can be useful in determining the likelihood of foul play [2]. Heat-related changes of bone have been extensively studied [3 –5]. Largely because of its simplicity the colour of a bone is the basis for the most commonly used techniques for estimating the temperature to which it was exposed. (Source: Legal Medicine)
Source: Legal Medicine - August 5, 2017 Category: Forensic Medicine Authors: Tristan Krap, Frank van de Goot, Roelof-Jan Oostra, Wilma Duijst, Andrea Waters-Rist Source Type: research
Modified method of dental age estimation of Malay juveniles
Age estimation has its major application in anthropology, archaeology, forensics, clinical medicine and dentistry. In countries where registration of birth is routine and legally enforced, there is usually no need for its estimation as the chronological age (CA) is certain. However, many countries do not have an organised birth record keeping. There have been many cases when false documents were used to substantiate the claim of age of an individual. There were also incidences when documents of birth date appeared to be inconsistent with the physiological stage of the person they represent. (Source: Legal Medicine)
Source: Legal Medicine - July 25, 2017 Category: Forensic Medicine Authors: Safar Sumit Bunyarit, Jayakumar Jayaraman, Murali K. Naidu, Rozaida Poh Yuen Ying, Mahmoud Danaee, Phrabhakaran Nambiar Source Type: research
Reducing of salivary α-amylase inhibition by using bovine serum albumin and calcium chloride for forensic saliva screening
The inhibition of DNA analysis and body fluid identification is a crucial issue in forensic investigations. The identification of DNA profiles and body fluids has been utilized as forensic evidence for establishing a crime. However, each forensic examination is influenced by specific factors including individual-specific DNA polymorphisms and tissue-specific proteins and their enzymatic activities. Therefore, every examination method has potential risks of being inhibited by factors associated with the detection method employed. (Source: Legal Medicine)
Source: Legal Medicine - July 25, 2017 Category: Forensic Medicine Authors: Jun Ohta, Masako Ohmura Tags: Short Communication Source Type: research
The importance of laboratory re-evaluation in cases of suspected child abuse – A case report
Bruising is the most frequent sign of child abuse [1,2] during childhood, but bruises are also a symptom of a wide variety of diseases such as leukemia. [3,4] With an annual incidence of 45 in 1,000,000 children less than 16 years of age, leukemias are a rather rare disease, but nevertheless the most frequent type of malignoma in childhood. [5] In 2015, 452 cases of acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) were diagnosed in children below the age of 15 in Germany. [6] However, the record ‘child abuse’ had been registered seven times more frequently than ALL for the same year [7], and assumingly a considerably high estimated ...
Source: Legal Medicine - July 24, 2017 Category: Forensic Medicine Authors: L. Woydt, C. K önig, M.K. Bernhard, P. Nickel, J. Dreßler, B. Ondruschka Tags: Case Report Source Type: research
Age assessment in canine and premolar by cervical axial sections of Cone-beam Computed Tomography
Age estimation in adults is a challenge in both anthropological and forensic situations compared to sub-adults age estimation. (Source: Legal Medicine)
Source: Legal Medicine - July 21, 2017 Category: Forensic Medicine Authors: Hichem Nemsi, Nidhal Haj salem, Ines Bouanene, Sami Ben Jomaa, Meriem Belhadj, Abir Aissaoui, Faten Ben Amor, Ali Chadly Source Type: research
