Journals of Gerontology Series A: Biological Sciences and Medical Sciences This is an RSS file. You can use it to subscribe to this data in your favourite RSS reader or to display this data on your own website or blog.

Prenatal Undernutrition and Physical Function and Frailty at the Age of 68 Years: The Dutch Famine Birth Cohort Study
Conclusions: Our study results suggest that prenatal undernutrition is associated with decreased physical function in later life in men, but not in women. Our findings provide further evidence for the hypothesis that prenatal undernutrition may lead to an accelerated aging process in humans. We currently do not have sufficient power to detect effects on frailty. (Source: Journals of Gerontology Series A: Biological Sciences and Medical Sciences)
Source: Journals of Gerontology Series A: Biological Sciences and Medical Sciences - September 10, 2016 Category: Geriatrics Authors: Bleker, L. S., de Rooij, S. R., Painter, R. C., van der Velde, N., Roseboom, T. J. Tags: Research Article Source Type: research

Nutrition and Healthy Aging
(Source: Journals of Gerontology Series A: Biological Sciences and Medical Sciences)
Source: Journals of Gerontology Series A: Biological Sciences and Medical Sciences - September 10, 2016 Category: Geriatrics Authors: Kritchevsky, S. B. Tags: Editorial Source Type: research

Gene Expression Differences Between Offspring of Long-Lived Individuals and Controls in Candidate Longevity Regions: Evidence for PAPSS2 as a Longevity Gene
Although there is compelling evidence for a genetic contribution to longevity, identification of specific genes that robustly associate with longevity has been a challenge. In order to identify longevity-enhancing genes, we measured differential gene expression between offspring of long-lived Amish (older than 90 years; cases, n = 128) and spouses of these offspring (controls, n = 121) and correlated differentially expressed transcripts with locations of longevity-associated variants detected in a prior genome-wide association study (GWAS) of survival to age 90. Expression of one of these transcripts, 3'-phosphoadenosine 5...
Source: Journals of Gerontology Series A: Biological Sciences and Medical Sciences - September 10, 2016 Category: Geriatrics Authors: Yerges-Armstrong, L. M., Chai, S., OConnell, J. R., Curran, J. E., Blangero, J., Mitchell, B. D., Shuldiner, A. R., Damcott, C. M. Tags: Brief Report Source Type: research

COX Inhibitor Influence on Skeletal Muscle Fiber Size and Metabolic Adaptations to Resistance Exercise in Older Adults
Common cyclooxygenase (COX)-inhibiting drugs enhance resistance exercise induced muscle mass and strength gains in older individuals. The purpose of this investigation was to determine whether the underlying mechanism regulating this effect was specific to Type I or Type II muscle fibers, which have different contractile and metabolic profiles. Muscle biopsies (vastus lateralis) were obtained before and after 12 weeks of knee-extensor resistance exercise (3 days/week) from healthy older men who consumed either a placebo (n = 8; 64±2 years) or COX inhibitor (acetaminophen, 4 gram/day; n = 7; 64±1 years) in dou...
Source: Journals of Gerontology Series A: Biological Sciences and Medical Sciences - September 10, 2016 Category: Geriatrics Authors: Trappe, T. A., Ratchford, S. M., Brower, B. E., Liu, S. Z., Lavin, K. M., Carroll, C. C., Jemiolo, B., Trappe, S. W. Tags: Original Article Source Type: research

Atheroprotective Properties of Serum IGF-1 in the Carotid and Coronary Territories and Beneficial Role on the Physical Fitness of the Oldest Old
Our aim was to investigate whether physiological levels of soluble insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) associate with coronary and carotid atherosclerotic burden and physical fitness in the oldest old by means of a cross-sectional study including 100 community-dwelling individuals with no previous cardiovascular events. Linear correlation was found between IGF-1 and intima-media thickness, number of carotid plaques, and walking speed. Individuals in the upper IGF-1 tertile had smaller right and left intima-media thickness compared with the intermediate and lower tertiles, along with reduced atherosclerotic plaques. Also, ...
Source: Journals of Gerontology Series A: Biological Sciences and Medical Sciences - September 10, 2016 Category: Geriatrics Authors: Cordova, C., Boullosa, D. A., Custodio, M. R. M., Quaglia, L. A., Santos, S. N., Freitas, W. M., Sposito, A. C., Nobrega, O. T., the Brazilian Study on Healthy Aging Tags: Original Article Source Type: research

Resistance Training Enhances Skeletal Muscle Innervation Without Modifying the Number of Satellite Cells or their Myofiber Association in Obese Older Adults
This study found that neural cell-adhesion molecule, NCAM+ muscle area decreased with RT and was inversely correlated with muscle strength. NCAM1 and RUNX1 gene transcripts significantly decreased with the intervention. Type I and type II fiber grouping in the vastus lateralis did not change significantly but increases in leg press and knee extensor strength inversely correlated with type I, but not with type II, fiber grouping. RT did not modify the total number of satellite cells, their number per area, or the number associated with specific fiber subtypes or innervated/denervated fibers. Our results suggest that RT has ...
Source: Journals of Gerontology Series A: Biological Sciences and Medical Sciences - September 10, 2016 Category: Geriatrics Authors: Messi, M. L., Li, T., Wang, Z.-M., Marsh, A. P., Nicklas, B., Delbono, O. Tags: Original Article Source Type: research

Plasma Biomarkers of Poor Muscle Quality in Older Men and Women from the Baltimore Longitudinal Study of Aging
Aging is characterized by progressive decline in muscle mass, strength, and quality all of which contribute to functional impairment, falls, mobility disability, and frailty. Circulating factors may provide clues on the mechanisms for decline in muscle quality with aging. Characterizing the metabolic profile associated with reduced muscle quality in older persons could have important translational implications for the early identification of subjects at high risk of developing sarcopenia and the identification of targets for new preventive strategies and treatments. In a pilot cross-sectional, case–control study nest...
Source: Journals of Gerontology Series A: Biological Sciences and Medical Sciences - September 10, 2016 Category: Geriatrics Authors: Moaddel, R., Fabbri, E., Khadeer, M. A., Carlson, O. D., Gonzalez-Freire, M., Zhang, P., Semba, R. D., Ferrucci, L. Tags: Original Article Source Type: research

Six-month Calorie Restriction in Overweight Individuals Elicits Transcriptomic Response in Subcutaneous Adipose Tissue That is Distinct From Effects of Energy Deficit
Calorie restriction confers health benefits distinct from energy deficit by exercise. We characterized the adipose-transcriptome to investigate the molecular basis of the differential phenotypic responses. Abdominal subcutaneous fat was collected from 24 overweight participants randomized in three groups (N = 8/group): weight maintenance (control), 25% energy deficit by calorie restriction alone (CR), and 25% energy deficit by calorie restriction with structured exercise (CREX). Within each group, gene expression was compared between 6 months and baseline with cutoffs at nominal p ≤ .01 and absolute fold-change ≥ 1.5...
Source: Journals of Gerontology Series A: Biological Sciences and Medical Sciences - September 10, 2016 Category: Geriatrics Authors: Lam, Y. Y., Ghosh, S., Civitarese, A. E., Ravussin, E. Tags: Original Article Source Type: research

Aging-related Increase in Rho Kinase Activity in the Nigral Region Is Counteracted by Physical Exercise
Abnormal activation of the RhoA/Rho kinase (ROCK) pathway plays a pivotal role in neuroinflammatory and pro-oxidative responses, axonal retraction, and apoptosis. We observed increased expression of RhoA, ROCK II, and ROCK activity in the brain of aged rats, particularly in the substantia nigra. Increased ROCK activity may enhance major mechanisms responsible for aging-related neurodegeneration, thus representing a major factor in the vulnerability of dopaminergic neurons to damage. We also observed that physical exercise decreased ROCK activation in aged rats. This suggests that decreased ROCK activation plays an importan...
Source: Journals of Gerontology Series A: Biological Sciences and Medical Sciences - September 10, 2016 Category: Geriatrics Authors: Munoz, A., Correa, C. L., Villar-Cheda, B., Costa-Besada, M. A., Labandeira-Garcia, J. L. Tags: Brief Report Source Type: research

Comparative Approaches to Understanding the Relation Between Aging and Physical Function
Despite dedicated efforts to identify interventions to delay aging, most promising interventions yielding dramatic life-span extension in animal models of aging are often ineffective when translated to clinical trials. This may be due to differences in primary outcomes between species and difficulties in determining the optimal clinical trial paradigms for translation. Measures of physical function, including brief standardized testing batteries, are currently being proposed as biomarkers of aging in humans, are predictive of adverse health events, disability, and mortality, and are commonly used as functional outcomes for...
Source: Journals of Gerontology Series A: Biological Sciences and Medical Sciences - September 10, 2016 Category: Geriatrics Authors: Justice, J. N., Cesari, M., Seals, D. R., Shively, C. A., Carter, C. S. Tags: Review in Depth Source Type: research

Subscription Page
(Source: Journals of Gerontology Series A: Biological Sciences and Medical Sciences)
Source: Journals of Gerontology Series A: Biological Sciences and Medical Sciences - September 10, 2016 Category: Geriatrics Tags: Cover / Standing Material Source Type: research

Medical Sciences Table of Contents
(Source: Journals of Gerontology Series A: Biological Sciences and Medical Sciences)
Source: Journals of Gerontology Series A: Biological Sciences and Medical Sciences - September 10, 2016 Category: Geriatrics Tags: Cover / Standing Material Source Type: research

Medical
(Source: Journals of Gerontology Series A: Biological Sciences and Medical Sciences)
Source: Journals of Gerontology Series A: Biological Sciences and Medical Sciences - September 10, 2016 Category: Geriatrics Tags: Cover / Standing Material Source Type: research

Cover
(Source: Journals of Gerontology Series A: Biological Sciences and Medical Sciences)
Source: Journals of Gerontology Series A: Biological Sciences and Medical Sciences - September 10, 2016 Category: Geriatrics Tags: Cover / Standing Material Source Type: research

Biological Sciences Table of Contents
(Source: Journals of Gerontology Series A: Biological Sciences and Medical Sciences)
Source: Journals of Gerontology Series A: Biological Sciences and Medical Sciences - September 10, 2016 Category: Geriatrics Tags: Cover / Standing Material Source Type: research