Developing an in vitro screening assay platform for evaluation of antifibrotic drugs using precision-cut liver slices
Conclusions:
This study reports the experimental conditions required to induce fibrosis associated with steatohepatitis using physiologically relevant inducers. The system presented here captures various aspects of the fibrosis process like steatosis, inflammation, stellate cell activation and ECM accumulation and serves as a platform to study the liver fibrosis in vitro and to screen small molecules for their antifibrotic activity. (Source: Fibrogenesis and Tissue Repair)
Source: Fibrogenesis and Tissue Repair - December 16, 2014 Category: Biomedical Science Authors: Satish SadasivanNethra SiddarajuKhaiser KhanBalamuralikrishna VasamsettiNimisha KumarVibha HaridasMadhusudhan ReddySomesh BaggavalliAnup OommenRaghavendra Pralhada Rao Source Type: research
Developing an in vitro screening assay platform for evaluation of antifibrotic drugs using precision-cut liver slices
Conclusions:
This study reports the experimental conditions required to induce fibrosis associated with steatohepatitis using physiologically relevant inducers. The system presented here captures various aspects of the fibrosis process like steatosis, inflammation, stellate cell activation and ECM accumulation and serves as a platform to study the liver fibrosis in vitro and to screen small molecules for their antifibrotic activity. (Source: Fibrogenesis and Tissue Repair)
Source: Fibrogenesis and Tissue Repair - December 16, 2014 Category: Biomedical Science Authors: Satish SadasivanNethra SiddarajuKhaiser KhanBalamuralikrishna VasamsettiNimisha KumarVibha HaridasMadhusudhan ReddySomesh BaggavalliAnup OommenRaghavendra Pralhada Rao Source Type: research
The role of complement in the pathogenesis of renal ischemia-reperfusion injury and fibrosis
The complement system is a major component of innate immunity and has been commonly identified as a central element in host defense, clearance of immune complexes, and tissue homeostasis. After ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI), the complement system is activated by endogenous ligands that trigger proteolytic cleavage of complement components via the classical, lectin and/or alternative pathway. The result is the formation of terminal complement components C3a, C5a, and the membrane attack complex (C5b-9 or MAC), all of which play pivotal roles in the amplification of the inflammatory response, chemotaxis, neutrophil/monoc...
Source: Fibrogenesis and Tissue Repair - November 1, 2014 Category: Biomedical Science Authors: Juan DanobeitiaArjang DjamaliLuis Fernandez Source Type: research
Secreted frizzled related proteins inhibit fibrosis in vitro but appear redundant in vivo
Conclusions:
Although SFRP1 counteracts the effect of TGFbeta1 in pulmonary cells in vitro; loss of neither SFRP1 nor FRZB alters fibrotic outcomes in the lungs in vivo. The lack of in vivo effect in the absence of specific SFRPs suggests functional redundancy within this family of Wnt antagonists. (Source: Fibrogenesis and Tissue Repair)
Source: Fibrogenesis and Tissue Repair - October 2, 2014 Category: Biomedical Science Authors: Ellen De LangheCarolina Aznar-LopezVanessa De VooghtJeroen VanoirbeekFrank LuytenRik Lories Source Type: research
Impaired Cav-1 expression in SSc mesenchymal cells upregulates VEGF signaling: a link between vascular involvement and fibrosis
Conclusions:
During SSc, the lower levels of Cav-1 may contribute to the pathogenesis of fibrosis via an upregulation of the VEGF signaling in perivascular cells which are shifted to a profibrotic phenotype. (Source: Fibrogenesis and Tissue Repair)
Source: Fibrogenesis and Tissue Repair - September 15, 2014 Category: Biomedical Science Authors: Paola CiprianiPaola Di BenedettoDaria CapeceFrancesca ZazzeroniVasiliki LiakouliPiero RuscittiIlenia PantanoOnorina BerardicurtiFrancesco CarubbiEdoardo AlesseRoberto Giacomelli Source Type: research
Lipid mediators in diabetic nephropathy
The implications of lipid lowering drugs in the treatment of diabetic nephropathy have been considered. At the same time, the clinical efficacy of lipid lowering drugs has resulted in improvement in the cardiovascular functions of chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients with or without diabetes, but no remarkable improvement has been observed in the kidney outcome. Earlier lipid mediators have been shown to cause accumulative effects in diabetic nephropathy (DN). Here, we attempt to analyze the involvement of lipid mediators in DN. The hyperglycemia-induced overproduction of diacyglycerol (DAG) is one of the causes for the a...
Source: Fibrogenesis and Tissue Repair - September 3, 2014 Category: Biomedical Science Authors: Swayam SrivastavaSen ShiDaisuke KoyaKeizo Kanasaki Source Type: research
Highlights of Keystone symposium `Fibrosis: from bench to bedside¿
This report is based on the ‘Fibrosis: from bench to bedside’ symposium from the Keystone Symposia meeting series, Keystone, Colorado, 23 to 28 March 2014. It was a fascinating symposium with high quality talks, workshops, and well attended poster sessions. (Source: Fibrogenesis and Tissue Repair)
Source: Fibrogenesis and Tissue Repair - August 15, 2014 Category: Biomedical Science Authors: Judith de HaanFatih Arslan Source Type: research
Highlights of Keystone symposium 'Fibrosis: from bench to bedside'
This report is based on the 'Fibrosis: from bench to bedside' symposium from the Keystone Symposia meeting series, Keystone, Colorado, 23 to 28 March 2014. It was a fascinating symposium with high quality talks, workshops, and well attended poster sessions. (Source: Fibrogenesis and Tissue Repair)
Source: Fibrogenesis and Tissue Repair - August 15, 2014 Category: Biomedical Science Authors: Judith de HaanFatih Arslan Source Type: research
HDAC class I inhibitor, Mocetinostat, reverses cardiac fibrosis in heart failure and diminishes CD90+ cardiac myofibroblast activation
Conclusions:
Taken together, our results demonstrate upregulation of HDAC1 and 2 in CHF. In addition, HDAC inhibition reverses interstitial fibrosis in CHF. Possible anti-fibrotic actions of HDAC inhibition include reversal of myofibroblast activation and induction of cell cycle arrest / apoptosis. (Source: Fibrogenesis and Tissue Repair)
Source: Fibrogenesis and Tissue Repair - July 2, 2014 Category: Biomedical Science Authors: Hikmet Nural-GuvenerLuidmila ZakharovaJames NimlosSnjezana PopovicDiego MastroeniMohamed Gaballa Source Type: research
Anaphylatoxin C5a modulates hepatic stellate cell migration
Conclusions:
These data reveal that C5a regulates migration of HSC and suggest a novel mechanism by which complement contributes to hepatic fibrosis. C5a and its receptors are therefore potential therapeutic targets for the prevention and/or treatment of liver fibrosis. (Source: Fibrogenesis and Tissue Repair)
Source: Fibrogenesis and Tissue Repair - May 30, 2014 Category: Biomedical Science Authors: Dola DasMark BarnesLaura Nagy Source Type: research
Lung epithelial stem cells and their niches: Fgf10 takes center stage
Throughout life adult animals crucially depend on stem cell populations to maintain and repair their tissues to ensure life-long organ function. Stem cells are characterized by their capacity to extensively self-renew and give rise to one or more differentiated cell types. These powerful stem cell properties are key to meet the changing demand for tissue replacement during normal lung homeostasis and regeneration after lung injury. Great strides have been made over the last few years to identify and characterize lung epithelial stem cells as well as their lineage relationships. Unfortunately, knowledge on what regulates th...
Source: Fibrogenesis and Tissue Repair - May 8, 2014 Category: Biomedical Science Authors: Thomas VolckaertStijn De Langhe Source Type: research
Deficient repair response of IPF fibroblasts in a co-culture model of epithelial injury and repair
Conclusions:
Our data demonstrate that the IPF fibroblasts have an aberrant repair response to epithelial injury. (Source: Fibrogenesis and Tissue Repair)
Source: Fibrogenesis and Tissue Repair - April 29, 2014 Category: Biomedical Science Authors: Sony PrasadCory HogaboamGabor Jarai Source Type: research
Antibody therapy can enhance AngiotensinII-induced myocardial fibrosis
Background:
Myocardial fibrosis is a pathological process that is characterized by disrupted regulation of extracellular matrix proteins resulting in permanent scarring of the heart tissue and eventual diastolic heart failure. Pro-fibrotic molecules including transforming growth factor-beta and connective tissue growth factor are expressed early in the AngiotensinII (AngII)-induced and other models of myocardial fibrosis. As such, antibody-based therapies against these and other targets are currently under development.
Results:
In the present study, C57Bl/6 mice were subcutaneously implanted with a mini-osmotic pump contai...
Source: Fibrogenesis and Tissue Repair - April 10, 2014 Category: Biomedical Science Authors: Nicole RosinAlison GareauDevin BetschAlec FalkenhamMryanda SopelTimothy LeeJean-Francois Légaré Source Type: research
Medical therapy of stricturing Crohn¿s disease: what the gut can learn from other organs - a systematic review
Crohn’s disease (CD) is a chronic remitting and relapsing disease. Fibrostenosing complications such as intestinal strictures, stenosis and ultimately obstruction are some of its most common long-term complications. Despite recent advances in the pathophysiological understanding of CD and a significant improvement of anti-inflammatory therapeutics, medical therapy for stricturing CD is still inadequate. No specific anti-fibrotic therapy exists and the incidence rate of strictures has essentially remained unchanged. Therefore, the current therapy of established fibrotic strictures comprises mainly endoscopic dilation as w...
Source: Fibrogenesis and Tissue Repair - March 29, 2014 Category: Biomedical Science Authors: Dominik BettenworthFlorian Rieder Source Type: research
The hepatic sinusoid 'classic and contemporary': a report on the 17th international symposium on cells of the hepatic sinusoid (ISCHS)
The 17th ISCHS took place in Osaka, Japan, on 23 to 25 September 2013. This symposium focuses on an exchange of views on the structure and function of hepatic sinusoidal cells in addition to their roles in clinical pathophysiology. (Source: Fibrogenesis and Tissue Repair)
Source: Fibrogenesis and Tissue Repair - January 31, 2014 Category: Biomedical Science Authors: Norifumi Kawada Source Type: research
