MiR-34a, miR-21 and miR-23a as potential biomarkers for coronary artery disease: a pilot microarray study and confirmation in a 32 patient cohort.
In conclusion, miR-34a, miR-21 and miR-23a were elevated in CAD patients, which means that these miRNAs might serve as biomarkers of CAD development and progression.
PMID: 25656948 [PubMed - in process] (Source: exp Mol Med)
Source: exp Mol Med - February 8, 2015 Category: Molecular Biology Authors: Han H, Qu G, Han C, Wang Y, Sun T, Li F, Wang J, Luo S Tags: Exp Mol Med Source Type: research
Use of in vivo magnetic resonance spectroscopy for studying metabolic diseases.
Abstract
Owing to the worldwide obesity epidemic and the sedentary lifestyle in industrialized countries, the number of people with metabolic diseases is explosively increasing. Magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS), which is fundamentally similar to magnetic resonance imaging, can detect metabolic changes in vivo noninvasively. With its noninvasive nature, (1)H, (13)C and (31)P MRS are being actively utilized in clinical and biomedical metabolic studies to detect lipids and important metabolites without ionizing radiation. (1)H MRS can quantify lipid content in liver and muscle and can detect other metabo...
Source: exp Mol Med - February 8, 2015 Category: Molecular Biology Authors: Hwang JH, Choi CS Tags: Exp Mol Med Source Type: research
Fucoidan promotes osteoblast differentiation via JNK- and ERK-dependent BMP2-Smad 1/5/8 signaling in human mesenchymal stem cells.
Abstract
Fucoidan has attracted attention as a potential drug because of its biological activities, which include osteogenesis. However, the molecular mechanisms involved in the osteogenic activity of fucoidan in human alveolar bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (hABM-MSCs) remain largely unknown. We investigated the action of fucoidan on osteoblast differentiation in hABM-MSCs and its impact on signaling pathways. Its effect on proliferation was determined using the crystal violet staining assay. Osteoblast differentiation was evaluated based on alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity and the mRNA exp...
Source: exp Mol Med - January 14, 2015 Category: Molecular Biology Authors: Kim BS, Kang HJ, Park JY, Lee J Tags: Exp Mol Med Source Type: research
Different levels of glycosylated hemoglobin influence severity and long-term prognosis of coronary heart disease patients with stent implantation.
In conclusion, HbA1c levels, either as a continuous variable or a categorical variable, have a U-shaped correlation with MACE and TLR in CHD patients with stent implantation, even after adjustment for multiple confounders.
PMID: 25574198 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: exp Mol Med)
Source: exp Mol Med - January 14, 2015 Category: Molecular Biology Authors: Wang J, Yan G, Qiao Y, Wang D, Ma G, Tang C Tags: Exp Ther Med Source Type: research
Role of LPA and the Hippo pathway on apoptosis in salivary gland epithelial cells.
Abstract
Lysophosphatidic acid (LPA) is a bioactive lysophospholipid involved in numerous physiological responses. However, the expression of LPA receptors and the role of the Hippo signaling pathway in epithelial cells have remained elusive. In this experiment, we studied the functional expression of LPA receptors and the associated signaling pathway using reverse transcriptase-PCR, microspectrofluorimetry, western blotting and immunocytochemistry in salivary gland epithelial cells. We found that LPA receptors are functionally expressed and involved in activating the Hippo pathway mediated by YAP/TAZ thro...
Source: exp Mol Med - December 22, 2014 Category: Molecular Biology Authors: Hwang SM, Jin M, Shin YH, Ki Choi S, Namkoong E, Kim M, Park MY, Park K Tags: Exp Mol Med Source Type: research
Phospholipase D activates HIF-1-VEGF pathway via phosphatidic acid.
In this study, a potential mechanism for PLD-mediated tumorigenesis was explored. Ectopic expression of PLD1 or PLD2 in human glioma U87 cells increased the expression of hypoxia-inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α) protein. PLD-induced HIF-1 activation led to the secretion of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), a HIF-1 target gene involved in tumorigenesis. PLD induction of HIF-1α was significantly attenuated by 1-butanol which blocks PA production by PLD, and PA per se was able to elevate HIF-1α protein level. Inhibition of mTOR, a PA-responsive kinase, reduced the levels of HIF-1α and VEGF in PLD-overexpressed cells...
Source: exp Mol Med - December 22, 2014 Category: Molecular Biology Authors: Han S, Huh J, Kim W, Jeong S, Min DS, Jung Y Tags: Exp Mol Med Source Type: research
Omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid and ursodeoxycholic acid have an additive effect in attenuating diet-induced nonalcoholic steatohepatitis in mice.
Abstract
Nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) can progress into liver cirrhosis; however, no definite treatment is available. Omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid (omega-3) has been reported to alleviate experimental NASH, although its beneficial effect was not evident when tested clinically. Thus, this study aimed to investigate the additive effect of omega-3 and ursodeoxycholic acid (UDCA) on diet-induced NASH in mice. C57BL/6 mice were given a high-fat diet (HFD) for 24 weeks, at which point the mice were divided into three groups and fed HFD alone, HFD with omega-3 or HFD with omega-3 in combination with ...
Source: exp Mol Med - December 22, 2014 Category: Molecular Biology Authors: Kim JK, Lee KS, Lee DK, Lee SY, Chang HY, Choi J, Lee JI Tags: Exp Mol Med Source Type: research
Inhibition of phospholipase D2 induces autophagy in colorectal cancer cells.
Abstract
Autophagy is a conserved lysosomal self-digestion process used for the breakdown of long-lived proteins and damaged organelles, and it is associated with a number of pathological processes, including cancer. Phospholipase D (PLD) isozymes are dysregulated in various cancers. Recently, we reported that PLD1 is a new regulator of autophagy and is a potential target for cancer therapy. Here, we investigated whether PLD2 is involved in the regulation of autophagy. A PLD2-specific inhibitor and siRNA directed against PLD2 were used to treat HT29 and HCT116 colorectal cancer cells, and both inhibition a...
Source: exp Mol Med - December 11, 2014 Category: Molecular Biology Authors: Hwang WC, Kim MK, Song JH, Choi KY, Min do S Tags: Exp Mol Med Source Type: research
miR-27 regulates mitochondrial networks by directly targeting the mitochondrial fission factor.
In this study, we demonstrate the potential role of miR-27 in the regulation of mitochondrial dynamics. Mitochondrial fission factor (MFF) mRNA is a direct target of miR-27, whose ectopic expression decreases MFF expression through binding to its 3'-untranslated region. Expression of miR-27 results in the elongation of mitochondria as well as an increased mitochondrial membrane potential and mitochondrial ATP level. Our results suggest that miR-27 is a novel regulator affecting morphological mitochondrial changes by targeting MFF.
PMID: 25431021 [PubMed - in process] (Source: exp Mol Med)
Source: exp Mol Med - November 29, 2014 Category: Molecular Biology Authors: Tak H, Kim J, Jayabalan AK, Lee H, Kang H, Cho DH, Ohn T, Nam SW, Kim W, Lee EK Tags: Exp Mol Med Source Type: research
(Lymph)angiogenic influences on hematopoietic cells in acute myeloid leukemia.
Abstract
The purpose of this review is to provide an overview of the effect of (lymph)angiogenic cytokines on hematopoietic cells involved in acute myeloid leukemia (AML). Like angiogenesis, lymphangiogenesis occurs in pathophysiological conditions but not in healthy adults. AML is closely associated with the vasculature system, and the interplay between lymphangiogenic cytokines maintains leukemic blast survival in the bone marrow (BM). Once AML is induced, proangiogenic cytokines function as angiogenic or lymphangiogenic factors and affect hematopoietic cells, including BM-derived immune cells. Simultane...
Source: exp Mol Med - November 23, 2014 Category: Molecular Biology Authors: Lee JY, Kim HJ Tags: Exp Mol Med Source Type: research
In Vitro Method of Studying the Angiotensin Activity of Chemical Compounds.
Abstract
We developed and tested an experimental model to study in vitro the type 1 angiotensin antagonistic activity of compounds on the isolated portal vein of rats. The reliability of this method was confirmed in tests with saralasin (nonselective antagonist of angiotensin receptors) and losartan (selective antagonist of type 1 angiotensin receptors) in concentrations of 10(-9)-10(-5) mol/liter. The half-maximal inhibitory concentrations (IC50) of these substances were calculated.
PMID: 25403411 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: exp Mol Med)
Source: exp Mol Med - November 19, 2014 Category: Molecular Biology Authors: Spasov AA, Yakovlev DS, Bukatina TM, Brigadirova AA Tags: Bull Exp Biol Med Source Type: research
Heme-binding-mediated negative regulation of the tryptophan metabolic enzyme indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase 1 (IDO1) by IDO2.
Abstract
Indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenases (IDOs) are tryptophan-catabolizing enzymes with immunomodulatory functions. However, the biological role of IDO2 and its relationship with IDO1 are unknown. To assess the relationship between IDO2 and IDO1, we investigated the effects of co-expression of human (h) IDO2 on hIDO1 activity. Cells co-expressing hIDO1 and hIDO2 showed reduced tryptophan metabolic activity compared with those expressing hIDO1 only. In a proteomic analysis, hIDO1-expressing cells exhibited enhanced expression of proteins related to the cell cycle and amino acid metabolism, and decreased expre...
Source: exp Mol Med - November 18, 2014 Category: Molecular Biology Authors: Lee YK, Lee HB, Shin DM, Kang MJ, Yi EC, Noh S, Lee J, Lee C, Min CK, Choi EY Tags: Exp Mol Med Source Type: research
B-RafV600E inhibits sodium iodide symporter expression via regulation of DNA methyltransferase 1.
In this study, we found that B-RafV600E inhibited NIS expression by the upregulation of its promoter methylation, and that specific regions of CpG islands of NIS promoter in B-RafV600E harboring PTC were highly methylated compared with surrounding normal tissue. Although DNA methyltransferase 3a and 3b (DNMT3a,3b) were not increased by B-RafV600E, DNMT1 expression was markedly upregulated in PTC and B-RafV600E expressing thyrocytes. Furthermore, DNMT1 expression was upregulated by B-RafV600E induced NF-κB activation. These results led us to conclude that NIS promoter methylation, which was induced by B-RafV600E, is one of...
Source: exp Mol Med - November 9, 2014 Category: Molecular Biology Authors: Choi YW, Kim HJ, Kim YH, Park SH, Chwae YJ, Lee J, Soh EY, Kim JH, Park TJ Tags: Exp Mol Med Source Type: research
A putative pH-dependent nuclear localization signal in the juxtamembrane region of c-Met.
Abstract
The C-terminal fragment of the c-Met receptor tyrosine kinase is present in the nuclei of some cells irrespective of ligand stimulation, but the responsible nuclear localization signal (NLS) has not been previously reported. Here, we report that two histidine residues separated by a 10-amino-acid spacer (H1068-H1079) located in the juxtamembrane region of c-Met function as a putative novel NLS. Deletion of these sequences significantly abolished the nuclear translocation of c-Met, as did substitution of the histidines with alanines. This substitution also decreased the association of c-Met fragmen...
Source: exp Mol Med - October 29, 2014 Category: Molecular Biology Authors: Chaudhary SC, Cho MG, Nguyen TT, Park KS, Kwon MH, Lee JH Tags: Exp Mol Med Source Type: research
Chronic stress enhances progression of periodontitis via α1-adrenergic signaling: a potential target for periodontal disease therapy.
This study assessed the roles of chronic stress (CS) in the stimulation of the sympathetic nervous system and explored the underlying mechanisms of periodontitis. Using an animal model of periodontitis and CS, the expression of tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) and the protein levels of the α1-adrenergic receptor (α1-AR) and β2-adrenergic receptor (β2-AR) were assessed. Furthermore, human periodontal ligament fibroblasts (HPDLFs) were stimulated with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) to mimic the process of inflammation. The proliferation of the HPDLFs and the expression of α1-AR and β2-AR were assessed. The inflammatory-related cyto...
Source: exp Mol Med - October 19, 2014 Category: Molecular Biology Authors: Lu H, Xu M, Wang F, Liu S, Gu J, Lin S Tags: Exp Mol Med Source Type: research
