Stem cell implantation for osteonecrosis of the femoral head.
We report the clinical and radiological results of stem cell implantation and core decompression. In total, 128 patients (190 hips) who had undergone surgery were divided into two groups based on which treatment they had received: (1) multiple drilling and stem cell implantation or (2) core decompression, curettage and a bone graft. The clinical and radiographic results of the two groups were compared. At 5-year follow-up, in the stem cell implantation group, 64.3% (27/42) of the patients with Stage IIa disease, 56.7% (21/37) of the patients with Stage IIb disease and 42.9% (21/49) of the patients with Stage III disease ha...
Source: exp Mol Med - November 19, 2013 Category: Molecular Biology Authors: Lim YW, Kim YS, Lee JW, Kwon SY Tags: Exp Mol Med Source Type: research
Negative-pressure wound therapy induces endothelial progenitor cell mobilization in diabetic patients with foot infection or skin defects.
Abstract
Non healing chronic wounds are difficult to treat in patients with diabetes and can result in severe medical problems for these patients and for society. Negative-pressure wound therapy (NPWT) has been adopted to treat intractable chronic wounds and has been reported to be effective. However, the mechanisms underlying the effects of this treatment have not been elucidated. To assess the vasculogenic effect of NPWT, we evaluated the systemic mobilization of endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) during NPWT. Twenty-two of 29 consecutive patients who presented at the clinic of Seoul National Universty ...
Source: exp Mol Med - November 19, 2013 Category: Molecular Biology Authors: Seo SG, Yeo JH, Kim JH, Kim JB, Cho TJ, Lee DY Tags: Exp Mol Med Source Type: research
Special feature on stem cells: current research and future prospects.
PMID: 24232262 [PubMed - in process] (Source: exp Mol Med)
Source: exp Mol Med - November 19, 2013 Category: Molecular Biology Authors: Oh IH, Snyder EY Tags: Exp Mol Med Source Type: research
High-resolution imaging of pulmonary ventilation and perfusion with (68)Ga-VQ respiratory gated (4-D) PET/CT.
CONCLUSION: (68)Ga-VQ 4-D PET/CT is feasible and the blurring caused by respiratory motion is well corrected with 4-D acquisition, which principally reduces artefact at the lung bases. The images with the highest spatial overlap were the combined expiration phase or FB PET and average CT. With higher resolution than SPECT/CT, the PET/CT technique has a broad range of potential clinical applications including diagnostic algorithms for patients with suspected pulmonary embolism, preoperative evaluation of regional lung function and improving assessment or understanding of pulmonary physiology in the vast range of pulmonary d...
Source: exp Mol Med - November 6, 2013 Category: Molecular Biology Authors: Callahan J, Hofman MS, Siva S, Kron T, Schneider ME, Binns D, Eu P, Hicks RJ Tags: Eur J Nucl Med Mol Imaging Source Type: research
The efficacy of SPA0355 in protecting β cells in isolated pancreatic islets and in a murine experimental model of type 1 diabetes.
Abstract
Cytokines activate several inflammatory signals that mediate β-cell destruction. We recently determined that SPA0355 is a strong anti-inflammatory compound, thus reporting its efficacy in protecting β cells from various insults. The effects of SPA0355 on β-cell survival were studied in RINm5F cells and primary islets. The protective effects of this compound on the development of type 1 diabetes were evaluated in non-obese diabetic (NOD) mice. SPA0355 completely prevented cytokine-induced nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) expression and cytotoxicity in RINm5F cells and isolated islets. The molecular ...
Source: exp Mol Med - November 5, 2013 Category: Molecular Biology Authors: Bae UJ, Song MY, Jang HY, Jin Gim H, Ryu JH, Lee SM, Jeon R, Park BH Tags: Exp Mol Med Source Type: research
Combined blockade of HER2 and VEGF exerts greater growth inhibition of HER2-overexpressing gastric cancer xenografts than individual blockade.
In this study, we evaluated the antitumor effects of trastuzumab; VEGF-Trap binding to VEGF-A, VEGF-B and placental growth factor (PlGF); and a combination of trastuzumab and VEGF-Trap in a gastric cancer xenograft model. Although trastuzumab and VEGF-Trap each moderately inhibited tumor growth, the combination of these agents exerted greater inhibition compared with either agent alone. Immunohistochemical analyses indicated that the reduction in tumor growth was associated with decreased proliferation and increased apoptosis of tumor cells and decreased tumor vascular density. The combined treatment resulted in fewer prol...
Source: exp Mol Med - November 5, 2013 Category: Molecular Biology Authors: Singh R, Kim WJ, Kim PH, Hong HJ Tags: Exp Mol Med Source Type: research
Rhamnogalacturonan II is a Toll-like receptor 4 agonist that inhibits tumor growth by activating dendritic cell-mediated CD8+ T cells.
Abstract
We evaluated the effectiveness of rhamnogalacturonan II (RG-II)-stimulated bone marrow-derived dendritic cells (BMDCs) vaccination on the induction of antitumor immunity in a mouse lymphoma model using EG7-lymphoma cells expressing ovalbumin (OVA). BMDCs treated with RG-II had an activated phenotype. RG-II induced interleukin (IL)-12, IL-1β, tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and interferon-γ (IFN-γ) production during dendritic cell (DC) maturation. BMDCs stimulated with RG-II facilitate the proliferation of CD8+ T cells. Using BMDCs from the mice deficient in Toll-like receptors (TLRs), we reve...
Source: exp Mol Med - October 26, 2013 Category: Molecular Biology Authors: Park SN, Noh KT, Jeong YI, Jung ID, Kang HK, Cha GS, Lee SJ, Seo JK, Kang DH, Hwang TH, Lee EK, Kwon B, Park YM Tags: Exp Mol Med Source Type: research
Wnt5a stimulates chemotactic migration and chemokine production in human neutrophils.
Abstract
Wnt5a is a ligand that activates the noncanonical Wnt signaling pathways (β-catenin-independent pathways). Human neutrophils expressed several Wnt5a receptors, such as Frizzled 2, 5 and 8. Stimulation of human neutrophils with Wnt5a caused chemotactic migration and the production of two important chemokines, CXCL8 and CCL2. CCL2 production by Wnt5a was mediated by a pertussis toxin-sensitive G-protein-dependent pathway. Wnt5a also stimulated the phosphorylation of three mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs: ERK, p38 MAPK and JNK) and Akt. Inhibition of ERK, p38 MAPK or JNK by specific inhibit...
Source: exp Mol Med - October 26, 2013 Category: Molecular Biology Authors: Jung YS, Lee HY, Kim SD, Park JS, Kim JK, Suh PG, Bae YS Tags: Exp Mol Med Source Type: research
Combination treatment with 2-methoxyestradiol overcomes bortezomib resistance of multiple myeloma cells.
Abstract
Bortezomib is a proteasome inhibitor used for the treatment of relapsed/refractory multiple myeloma (MM). However, intrinsic and acquired resistance to bortezomib has already been observed in MM patients. In a previous report, we demonstrated that changes in the expression of mitochondrial genes lead to changes in mitochondrial activity and bortezomib susceptibility or resistance, and their combined effects contribute to the differential sensitivity or resistance of MM cells to bortezomib. Here we report that the combination treatment of bortezomib and 2-methoxyestradiol (2ME), a natural estrogen ...
Source: exp Mol Med - October 26, 2013 Category: Molecular Biology Authors: Song IS, Jeong YJ, Jeong SH, Heo HJ, Kim HK, Lee SR, Ko TH, Youm JB, Kim N, Ko KS, Rhee BD, Han J Tags: Exp Mol Med Source Type: research
Targeted resequencing of candidate genes reveals novel variants associated with severe Behçet's uveitis.
In conclusion, this study showed that target enrichment and next-generation sequencing technologies can provide valuable information on the genetic predisposition for Behçet's uveitis.
PMID: 24136464 [PubMed - in process] (Source: exp Mol Med)
Source: exp Mol Med - October 22, 2013 Category: Molecular Biology Authors: Kim SJ, Lee S, Park C, Seo JS, Kim JI, Yu HG Tags: Exp Mol Med Source Type: research
Aspirin-induced Bcl-2 translocation and its phosphorylation in the nucleus trigger apoptosis in breast cancer cells.
Abstract
Here, we report that B-cell lymphoma 2 (Bcl-2) is a novel target molecule of aspirin in breast cancer cells. Aspirin influenced the formation of a complex by Bcl-2 and FKBP38 and induced the nuclear translocation of Bcl-2 and its phosphorylation. These events inhibited cancer cell proliferation and subsequently enhanced MCF-7 breast cancer cell apoptosis. Bcl-2 knockdown using small interfering RNA (siRNA) delayed apoptotic cell death, which correlated with increased proliferation following aspirin exposure. In contrast, Bcl-2 overexpression enhanced the onset of aspirin-induced apoptosis, which w...
Source: exp Mol Med - October 12, 2013 Category: Molecular Biology Authors: Choi BH, Chakraborty G, Baek K, Yoon HS Tags: Exp Mol Med Source Type: research
Discriminant analysis of prion sequences for prediction of susceptibility.
Abstract
Prion diseases, including ovine scrapie, bovine spongiform encephalopathy (BSE), human kuru and Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (CJD), originate from a conformational change of the normal cellular prion protein (PrP(C)) into abnormal protease-resistant prion protein (PrP(Sc)). There is concern regarding these prion diseases because of the possibility of their zoonotic infections across species. Mutations and polymorphisms of prion sequences may influence prion-disease susceptibility through the modified expression and conformation of proteins. Rapid determination of susceptibility based on prion-sequenc...
Source: exp Mol Med - October 12, 2013 Category: Molecular Biology Authors: Lee JH, Bae SE, Jung S, Ahn I, Son HS Tags: Exp Mol Med Source Type: research
Cancer cell metabolism: implications for therapeutic targets.
Abstract
Cancer cell metabolism is characterized by an enhanced uptake and utilization of glucose, a phenomenon known as the Warburg effect. The persistent activation of aerobic glycolysis in cancer cells can be linked to activation of oncogenes or loss of tumor suppressors, thereby fundamentally advancing cancer progression. In this respect, inhibition of glycolytic capacity may contribute to an anticancer effect on malignant cells. Understanding the mechanisms of aerobic glycolysis may present a new basis for cancer treatment. Accordingly, interrupting lactate fermentation and/or other cancer-promoting m...
Source: exp Mol Med - October 8, 2013 Category: Molecular Biology Authors: Jang M, Kim SS, Lee J Tags: Exp Mol Med Source Type: research
In vivo action of IL-27: reciprocal regulation of Th17 and Treg cells in collagen-induced arthritis.
Abstract
Interleukin (IL)-27 is a novel cytokine of the IL-6/IL-12 family that has been reported to be involved in the pathogenesis of autoimmune diseases and has a pivotal role as both a pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokine. We investigated the in vivo effects of IL-27 on arthritis severity in a murine collagen-induced arthritis (CIA) model and its mechanism of action regarding control of regulatory T (Tregs) and IL-17-producing T helper 17 (Th17) cells. IL-27-Fc-treated CIA mice showed a lower severity of arthritis. IL-17 expression in the spleens was significantly decreased in IL-27-Fc-treated CIA mice c...
Source: exp Mol Med - October 8, 2013 Category: Molecular Biology Authors: Moon SJ, Park JS, Heo YJ, Kang CM, Kim EK, Lim MA, Ryu JG, Park SJ, Su Park K, Sung YC, Park SH, Kim HY, Min JK, Cho ML Tags: Exp Mol Med Source Type: research
Application of bispecific antibody against antigen and hapten for immunodetection and immunopurification.
We present a bispecific antibody that recognizes an antigen and a hapten and can be applied to various biological assays, including immunoblotting and immunoprecipitation. In immunoblot analysis of serum, an anti-C5 × anti-cotinine bispecific tandem single-chain variable fragment (scFv)-Fc fusion protein and cotinine-conjugated horseradish peroxidase (HRP) generated a clean signal without the high background that was observed in a parallel experiment using HRP-conjugated goat anti-rabbit immunoglobulin G (Fc-specific) antibody. In immunoprecipitation analysis of serum, use of the bispecific tandem scFv-Fc fusion protein a...
Source: exp Mol Med - September 29, 2013 Category: Molecular Biology Authors: Kim H, Park S, Lee HK, Chung J Tags: Exp Mol Med Source Type: research
