Regulation of hepatic TRB3/Akt interaction induced by physical exercise and its effect on the hepatic glucose production in an insulin resistance state.
Abstract
To maintain euglycemia in healthy organisms, hepatic glucose production is increased during fasting and decreased during the postprandial period. This whole process is supported by insulin levels. These responses are associated with the insulin signaling pathway and the reduction in the activity of key gluconeogenic enzymes, resulting in a decrease of hepatic glucose production. On the other hand, defects in the liver insulin signaling pathway might promote inadequate suppression of gluconeogenesis, leading to hyperglycemia during fasting and after meals. The hepatocyte nuclear factor 4, the trans...
Source: Diabetes Metab - August 22, 2015 Category: Endocrinology Authors: Marinho R, Mekary RA, Muñoz VR, Gomes RJ, Pauli JR, de Moura LP Tags: Diabetol Metab Syndr Source Type: research
Stereotactic radiosurgery XX: ocular neuromyotonia in association with gamma knife radiosurgery.
We report three patients who developed symptoms and signs of ocular neuromyotonia (ONM) 3-6 months after receiving gamma knife radiosurgery (GKS) for functioning pituitary tumours. All three patients were complex, requiring multi-modality therapy and all had received prior external irradiation to the sellar region. Although direct causality cannot be attributed, the timing of the development of the symptoms would suggest that the GKS played a contributory role in the development of this rare problem, which we suggest clinicians should be aware of as a potential complication.
LEARNING POINTS: GKS can cause ONM, pres...
Source: Diabetes Metab - August 22, 2015 Category: Endocrinology Authors: Sze WC, McQuillan J, Plowman PN, MacDougall N, Blackburn P, Sabin HI, Ali N, Drake WM Tags: Endocrinol Diabetes Metab Case Rep Source Type: research
A case of thyroid storm complicated by acute hepatitis due to propylthiouracil treatment.
Abstract
UNLABELLED: A 57-year-old female presented 17 days after treatment with radioactive iodine (RAI) for difficult-to-control hyperthyroidism. She was febrile, had a sinus tachycardia, and was clinically thyrotoxic. Her thyroid function tests showed a suppressed TSH <0.02 mU/l, with free thyroxine (FT4) >75 pmol/l and total triiodothyronine (TT3) 6.0 nmol/l. She was diagnosed with thyroid storm and was managed with i.v. fluids, propylthiouracil (PTU) 200 mg four times a day, prednisolone 30 mg once daily and propanolol 10 mg three times a day. She gradually improved over 2 weeks and ...
Source: Diabetes Metab - August 20, 2015 Category: Endocrinology Authors: Tufton N, Hashim N, Sze C, Waterhouse M Tags: Endocrinol Diabetes Metab Case Rep Source Type: research
Pituitary hyperplasia: an uncommon presentation of a common disease.
Abstract
UNLABELLED: A 21-year-old woman presented with amenorrhea, bilateral galactorrhea and fatigue. Visual acuity and visual fields were normal. Laboratory examination demonstrated hyperprolactinemia. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the pituitary showed a 19×17×12-mm sellar mass with supra- and parasellar extension, causing compression of the pituitary stalk and optic chiasm. Further examinations confirmed mild hyperprolactinemia, strongly elevated TSH (>500 mU/l), low free thyroxine (FT4), hypogonadotropic hypogonadism and secondary adrenal insufficiency. Hydrocortisone and l-T4 replacement...
Source: Diabetes Metab - August 20, 2015 Category: Endocrinology Authors: Neves CP, Massolt ET, Peeters RP, Neggers SJ, de Herder WW Tags: Endocrinol Diabetes Metab Case Rep Source Type: research
The association between periodontal disease and metabolic syndrome among outpatients with diabetes in Jordan.
CONCLUSION: Patients with MetS displayed more severe and extensive periodontitis. Having other MetS components additional to diabetes increased the odds of having periodontitis.
PMID: 26280008 [PubMed] (Source: Diabetes Metab)
Source: Diabetes Metab - August 20, 2015 Category: Endocrinology Authors: Alhabashneh R, Khader Y, Herra Z, Assad F Tags: J Diabetes Metab Disord Source Type: research
Efficacy and safety of pioglitazone added to alogliptin in Japanese patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus: a multicenter, randomized, double-blind, parallel-group, comparative study.
Abstract
A phase 4, multicenter, randomized, double-blind, parallel-group, comparative study was conducted in Japanese T2DM subjects who had inadequate glycemic control despite treatment with alogliptin in addition to diet and/or exercise therapy. Subjects with glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c) of 6.9-10.5% were randomized to receive 16 weeks' double-blind treatment with pioglitazone 15 mg, 30 mg once daily or placebo added to alogliptin 25 mg once daily. The primary endpoint was the change in HbA1c from baseline at the end of treatment period (Week 16). Both pioglitazone 15 mg and 30 mg combinatio...
Source: Diabetes Metab - August 17, 2015 Category: Endocrinology Authors: Kaku K, Katou M, Igeta M, Ohira T, Sano H Tags: Diabetes Obes Metab Source Type: research
Comparison of basal insulin therapies regarding the risk of acute myocardial infarction in type 2 diabetic patients: an observational cohort study.
CONCLUSIONS: In contrast to a former database study, no difference was observed for the risk of AMI between long-acting analog and NPH insulin in this study. Neither long-acting analog insulin nor premix insulin appears to be associated with AMI in patients with type 2 diabetes.
PMID: 26279482 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Diabetes Metab)
Source: Diabetes Metab - August 17, 2015 Category: Endocrinology Authors: Kollhorst B, Behr S, Enders D, Dippel FW, Theobald K, Garbe E Tags: Diabetes Obes Metab Source Type: research
High-fructose and high-fat diet-induced insulin resistance enhances atherosclerosis in Watanabe heritable hyperlipidemic rabbits.
CONCLUSIONS: These results suggest that insulin resistance accelerates lesion formation of atherosclerosis.
PMID: 26265929 [PubMed] (Source: Diabetes Metab)
Source: Diabetes Metab - August 15, 2015 Category: Endocrinology Authors: Ning B, Wang X, Yu Y, Waqar AB, Yu Q, Koike T, Shiomi M, Liu E, Wang Y, Fan J Tags: Nutr Metab (Lond) Source Type: research
GLP1 and glucagon co-secreting pancreatic neuroendocrine tumor presenting as hypoglycemia after gastric bypass.
Abstract
UNLABELLED: Post-prandial hypoglycemia is frequently found after bariatric surgery. Although rare, pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors (pNET), which occasionally are mixed hormone secreting, can lead to atypical clinical manifestations, including reactive hypoglycemia. Two years after gastric bypass surgery for the treatment of severe obesity, a 54-year-old female with previous type 2 diabetes, developed post-prandial sweating, fainting and hypoglycemic episodes, which eventually led to the finding by ultrasound of a 1.8-cm solid mass in the pancreatic head. The 72-h fast test and the plasma chromogr...
Source: Diabetes Metab - August 15, 2015 Category: Endocrinology Authors: Guimarães M, Rodrigues P, Pereira SS, Nora M, Gonçalves G, Albrechtsen NW, Hartmann B, Holst JJ, Monteiro MP Tags: Endocrinol Diabetes Metab Case Rep Source Type: research
Effects of caloric restriction and low glycemic index diets associated with metformin on glucose metabolism and cortisol response in overweight/obese subjects: a case series study.
CONCLUSION: The cortisol secretion remained normal in the group of patients with impaired glucose tolerance. Treatment with metformin and diet did not change this condition. However, glucocorticoid receptor number had a strong correlation with insulin, due to insulin resistance, but this characteristic was lost after treatment.
PMID: 26269722 [PubMed] (Source: Diabetes Metab)
Source: Diabetes Metab - August 15, 2015 Category: Endocrinology Authors: Casulari LA, Dondi D, Celotti F, da Silva FV, Reis CE, da Costa TH Tags: Diabetol Metab Syndr Source Type: research
The importance of IgG4 in the predictive model of thyroiditis.
Abstract
UNLABELLED: Immunoglobulin (Ig)G4-related sclerosing disease (IgG4-RSD) is a new disease entity first proposed with regard to autoimmune pancreatitis. A 67-year-old male patient was examined because of weight loss and an abdominal pain. Based on the clinical characteristics, laboratory parameters and ultrasound features, we identified the diagnosis of the IgG4-related systemic disease (IgG4-RSD), that was confirmed by the histopathological analysis after the biopsy of the head of pancreas. After confirmation, we started with the corticosteroid therapy with a good clinical, biochemical and morpholo...
Source: Diabetes Metab - August 15, 2015 Category: Endocrinology Authors: Pandrc MS, Petrović S, Kostovski V, Petrović M, Zarić M Tags: Endocrinol Diabetes Metab Case Rep Source Type: research
Neurofibromatosis-related phaeochromocytoma: two cases with large tumours and elevated plasma methoxytyramine.
We present two cases of adrenal phaeochromocytoma in patients with a previous diagnosis of neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1). One had an adrenergic phenotype. The other had a more noradrenergic phenotype. Both had large primary tumours, which increases the likelihood of malignancy. Both also had elevated plasma-free methoxytyramine, which has been linked with malignancy even in non-SDHB phaeochromocytomas.
LEARNING POINTS: Phaeochromocytoma can have varied clinical presentations.Methoxytyramine can be useful in the biochemical work-up of both SDHB-positive and SDHB-negative phaeochromocytoma.The utility of methoxytyra...
Source: Diabetes Metab - August 15, 2015 Category: Endocrinology Authors: Teasdale S, Reda E Tags: Endocrinol Diabetes Metab Case Rep Source Type: research
Pure aldosterone-secreting adrenocortical carcinoma in a patient with refractory primary hyperaldosteronism.
We describe a young male patient with longstanding hypertension, who was diagnosed with primary hyperaldosteronism and treated by an attempted retroperitoneoscopic total unilateral adrenalectomy for a left-sided presumed aldosterone-secreting adenoma. Imaging had shown an unremarkable focal adrenal lesion with normal contralateral adrenal morphology, and histology of the resected specimen showed no adverse features. Post-operatively, his blood pressure and serum aldosterone levels fell to the normal range, but 9 months later, his hypertension recurred, primary aldosteronism was again confirmed and he was referred to our ce...
Source: Diabetes Metab - August 15, 2015 Category: Endocrinology Authors: Hussain S, Panteliou E, Berney DM, Carpenter R, Matson M, Sahdev A, Bell M, O'Sullivan E, Drake WM Tags: Endocrinol Diabetes Metab Case Rep Source Type: research
Effect of Subcutaneous Insulin Detemir on Glucose Flux, Lipolysis and Electroencephalography in Type 1 Diabetes.
Abstract
To investigate the effects of subcutaneous detemir on glucose flux, lipid metabolism and brain function, twelve people with type 1 diabetes received in random order 0.5Units/kgBW detemir or NPH insulin. Glucose concentration was clamped at 5mmol/L then increased to 10mmol/L. Glucose production rate (glucose Ra), glucose uptake (glucose Rd) and glycerol production (glycerol Ra) were measured with a constant iv infusion of [6,6(2) H2 ]glucose and [(2) H5 ]glycerol. Electroencephalography direct (DC) and alternating (AC) current potentials were measured. While detemir induced comparable effects on gl...
Source: Diabetes Metab - August 14, 2015 Category: Endocrinology Authors: Herring R, Knight R, Shojaee-Moradie F, Johnsen S, Umpleby AM, Jackson N, Jones R, Dijk DJ, Russell-Jones DL Tags: Diabetes Obes Metab Source Type: research
One-hour post-load hyperglycemia is a stronger predictor of type 2 diabetes than impaired fasting glucose.
CONCLUSIONS: NGT-1h-high subjects exhibit a higher risk of developing diabetes than those with IFG or NGT-1h-low, likely due to decreased insulin sensitivity and beta-cell function.
PMID: 26274345 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Diabetes Metab)
Source: Diabetes Metab - August 14, 2015 Category: Endocrinology Authors: Fiorentino TV, Marini MA, Andreozzi F, Arturi F, Succurro E, Perticone M, Sciacqua A, Letizia Hribal M, Perticone F, Sesti G Tags: J Clin Endocrinol Metab Source Type: research
