Tomographic image reconstruction via estimation of sparse unidirectional gradients
Since computed tomography (CT) was developed over 35 years ago, new mathematical ideas and computational algorithms have been continuingly elaborated to improve the quality of reconstructed images. In recent years, a considerable effort can be noticed to apply the sparse solution of underdetermined system theory to the reconstruction of CT images from undersampled data. Its significance stems from the possibility of obtaining good quality CT images from low dose projections. Among diverse approaches, total variation (TV) minimizing 2D gradients of an image, seems to be the most popular method. (Source: Computers in Biology and Medicine)
Source: Computers in Biology and Medicine - December 21, 2016 Category: Bioinformatics Authors: Adam G. Polak, Janusz Mroczka, Dariusz Wysocza ński Source Type: research
Application Based on the Canny Edge Detection Algorithm for Recording Contractions of Isolated Cardiac Myocytes
The isolated cardiomyocyte preparation is amenable to several experimental approaches not suitable to the myocardial tissue, which has allowed the gain of important information on the pathophysiology of the cardiac muscle. Thus, the development of techniques for functional studies in this preparation is important. The goal of the present study was to develop a computer program to extract contraction traces generated by cyclic cell shortening from cardiomyocyte video image files. (Source: Computers in Biology and Medicine)
Source: Computers in Biology and Medicine - December 21, 2016 Category: Bioinformatics Authors: Jair Trap é Goulart, Rosana Almada Bassani, José Wilson Magalhães Bassani Source Type: research
Employing Image Processing Techniques for Cancer Detection Using Microarray Images
Microarray technology is a powerful genomic tool for simultaneously studying and analyzing the behavior of thousands of genes. The analysis of images obtained from this technology plays a critical role in the detection and treatment of diseases. The aim of the current study is to develop an automated system for analyzing data from microarray images in order to detect cancerous cases. The proposed system consists of three main phases, namely image processing, data mining, and the detection of the disease. (Source: Computers in Biology and Medicine)
Source: Computers in Biology and Medicine - December 20, 2016 Category: Bioinformatics Authors: Nastaran Dehghan, Hamid Hassanpour Source Type: research
Improvement of early functional outcomes in hospitalized geriatric patients after hip surgery
This study focuses on the status of the patient as determined by various potential predicting factors for functional recovery during hospitalization after hip surgery. We assess the relations among patient's characteristics, (co)morbidities, surgical procedures, hospital courses and modified Salvati-Wilson's (SW) score on discharge. (Source: Computers in Biology and Medicine)
Source: Computers in Biology and Medicine - December 20, 2016 Category: Bioinformatics Authors: Dobrivoje Martinov, Ivana Berkovic, Vladimir Brtka, Tatjana Stojkovic-Jovanovic, Visnja Ognjenovic Source Type: research
SM-RuleMiner: Spider Monkey Based Rule Miner using Novel Fitness Function for Diabetes Classification
Diabetes is a major health challenge around the world. Existing rule-based classification systems have been widely used for diabetes diagnosis, even though they must overcome the challenge of producing a comprehensive optimal ruleset while balancing accuracy, sensitivity and specificity values. To resolve this drawback, in this paper, a Spider Monkey Optimization-based rule miner (SM-RuleMiner) has been proposed for diabetes classification. A novel fitness function has also been incorporated into SM-RuleMiner to generate a comprehensive optimal ruleset while balancing accuracy, sensitivity and specificity. (Source: Compute...
Source: Computers in Biology and Medicine - December 18, 2016 Category: Bioinformatics Authors: Ramalingaswamy Cheruku, Damodar Reddy Edla, Venkatanareshbabu Kuppili Source Type: research
Nonsubsampled Rotated Complex Wavelet Transform (NSRCxWT) for Medical Image Fusion related to clinical aspects in Neurocysticercosis
Neurocysticercosis (NCC) is a parasite infection caused by the tapeworm Taenia solium in its larvae stage which affects the central nervous system of the human body (a definite host). It results in the formation of multiple lesions in the brain at different locations during its various stages. During diagnosis of such symptomatic patients, these lesions can be better visualized using a feature based fusion of Computed Tomography (CT) and Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI). This paper presents a novel approach to Multimodality Medical Image Fusion (MMIF) used for the analysis of the lesions for the diagnostic purpose and post...
Source: Computers in Biology and Medicine - December 16, 2016 Category: Bioinformatics Authors: Satishkumar S. Chavan, Abhishek Mahajan, Sanjay N. Talbar, Subhash Desai, Meenakshi Thakur, Anil D'cruz Source Type: research
Fitting local repolarization parameters in cardiac reaction-diffusion models in the presence of electrotonic coupling
Background: Repolarization gradients contribute to arrhythmogenicity. In reaction –diffusion models of cardiac tissue, heterogeneities in action potential duration (APD) can be created by locally modifying an intrinsic membrane kinetics parameter. Electrotonic coupling, however, acts as a confounding factor that modulates APD dispersion.Method: We developed an algorithm based o n a quasi-Newton method that iteratively adjusts the spatial distribution of a membrane parameter to reproduce a pre-defined target APD map in a coupled tissue. (Source: Computers in Biology and Medicine)
Source: Computers in Biology and Medicine - December 16, 2016 Category: Bioinformatics Authors: Akshay Kota Aswath Kumar, Angelina Drahi, Vincent Jacquemet Source Type: research
An automated assay for the assessment of cardiac arrest in fish embryo
Studies on fish embryo models are widely developed in research. They are used in several research field such as drug discovery or environmental toxicology. In this article, we propose an entirely automated assay to detect cardiac arrest in Medaka (Oryzias latipes) based on image analysis. We propose a multi-scale pipeline based on mathematical morphology. Starting from video sequences of entire wells in 24-well plates, we focus on the embryo, detect its heart, and ascertain whether or not the heart is beating based on intensity variation analysis. (Source: Computers in Biology and Medicine)
Source: Computers in Biology and Medicine - December 13, 2016 Category: Bioinformatics Authors: Elodie Puybareau, Diane Genest, Emilie Barbeau, Marc L éonard, Hugues Talbot Source Type: research
Morphological classification of odontogenic keratocysts using Bouligand –Minkowski fractal descriptors
The Odontogenic keratocyst (OKC) is a cystic lesion of the jaws, which has high growth and recurrence rates compared to other cysts of the jaws (for instance, radicular cyst, which is the most common jaw cyst type). For this reason OKCs are considered by some to be benign neoplasms. There exist two sub-types of OKCs (sporadic and syndromic) and the ability to discriminate between these sub-types, as well as other jaw cysts, is an important task in terms of disease diagnosis and prognosis. With the development of digital pathology, computational algorithms have become central to addressing this type of problem. (Source: Com...
Source: Computers in Biology and Medicine - December 7, 2016 Category: Bioinformatics Authors: Joao B. Florindo, Odemir M. Bruno, Gabriel Landini Source Type: research
Morphological Classification of Odontogenic Keratocysts Using Bouligand-Minkowski Fractal Descriptors
The Odontogenic keratocyst (OKC) is a cystic lesion of the jaws, which has high growth and recurrence rates compared to other cysts of the jaws (for instance, radicular cyst, which is the most common jaw cyst type). For this reason OKCs are considered by some to be benign neoplasms. There exist two sub-types of OKCs (sporadic and syndromic) and the ability to discriminate between these sub-types, as well as other jaw cysts, is an important task in terms of disease diagnosis and prognosis. With the development of digital pathology, computational algorithms have become central to addressing this type of problem. (Source: Com...
Source: Computers in Biology and Medicine - December 7, 2016 Category: Bioinformatics Authors: Joao B. Florindo, Odemir M. Bruno, Gabriel Landini Source Type: research
Derivation of respiration rate from ambulatory ECG and PPG using Ensemble Empirical Mode Decomposition: Comparison and fusion
A new method for extracting the respiratory rate from ECG and PPG obtained via wearable sensors is presented. The proposed technique employs Ensemble Empirical Mode Decomposition in order to identify the respiration “mode” from the noise-corrupted Heart Rate Variability/Pulse Rate Variability and Amplitude Modulation signals extracted from ECG and PPG signals. The technique was validated with respect to a Respiratory Impedance Pneumography (RIP) signal using the mean absolute and the average relative errors for a group ambulatory hospital patients. (Source: Computers in Biology and Medicine)
Source: Computers in Biology and Medicine - December 6, 2016 Category: Bioinformatics Authors: Christina Orphanidou Source Type: research
ARCPHdb: a comprehensive protein database for SF1 and SF2 helicase from archaea
Superfamily 1 and Superfamily 2 helicases, two of the largest helicase protein families, play vital roles in many biological processes including replication, transcription and translation. Study of helicase proteins in the model microorganisms of archaea have largely contributed to the understanding of their function, architecture and assembly. Based on a large phylogenomics approach, we have identified and classified all SF1 and SF2 protein families in ninety five sequenced archaea genomes. Here we developed an online webserver linked to a specialized protein database named ARCPHdb to provide access for SF1 and SF2 helica...
Source: Computers in Biology and Medicine - December 5, 2016 Category: Bioinformatics Authors: Mirna Moukhtar, Wafi Chaar, Ziad Abdel-Razzak, Mohamad Khalil, Samir Taha, Hala Chamieh Source Type: research
COMPOSE: Using temporal patterns for interpreting wearable sensor data with computer interpretable guidelines
This paper describes a novel temporal logic-based framework for reasoning with continuous data collected from wearable sensors. The work is motivated by the Metabolic Syndrome, a cluster of conditions which are linked to obesity and unhealthy lifestyle. We assume that, by interpreting the physiological parameters of continuous monitoring, we can identify which patients have a higher risk of Metabolic Syndrome. We define temporal patterns for reasoning with continuous data and specify the coordination mechanisms for combining different sets of clinical guidelines that relate to this condition. (Source: Computers in Biology and Medicine)
Source: Computers in Biology and Medicine - December 3, 2016 Category: Bioinformatics Authors: V. Urovi, O.J. del Toro, F. Dubosson, A.R. Torres, M.I. Schumacher Source Type: research
Wrapper-Based Gene Selection with Markov Blanket
In this study, we present an improved wrapper-based gene selection method by introducing the Markov blanket technique to reduce the required wrapper evaluation time. In addition, our method can identify targeting genes while eliminating redundant ones in an efficient way. (Source: Computers in Biology and Medicine)
Source: Computers in Biology and Medicine - December 2, 2016 Category: Bioinformatics Authors: Aiguo Wang, Ning An, Jing Yang, Guilin Chen, Lian Li, Gil Alterovitz Source Type: research
Combination of Visual and Symbolic Knowledge: A Survey in Anatomy
In medicine, anatomy is considered as the most discussed field and results in a huge amount of knowledge, which is heterogeneous and covers aspects that are mostly independent in nature. Visual and symbolic modalities are mainly adopted for exemplifying knowledge about human anatomy and are crucial for the evolution of computational anatomy. In particular, a tight integration of visual and symbolic modalities is beneficial to support knowledge-driven methods for biomedical investigation. In this paper, we review previous work on the presentation and sharing of anatomical knowledge, and the development of advanced methods f...
Source: Computers in Biology and Medicine - December 1, 2016 Category: Bioinformatics Authors: Imon Banerjee, Giuseppe Patan é, Michela Spagnuolo Source Type: research
