Generic feature learning for wireless capsule endoscopy analysis
The interpretation and analysis of wireless capsule endoscopy (WCE) recordings is a complex task which requires sophisticated computer aided decision (CAD) systems to help physicians with video screening and, finally, with the diagnosis. Most CAD systems used in capsule endoscopy share a common system design, but use very different image and video representations. As a result, each time a new clinical application of WCE appears, a new CAD system has to be designed from scratch. This makes the design of new CAD systems very time consuming. (Source: Computers in Biology and Medicine)
Source: Computers in Biology and Medicine - October 18, 2016 Category: Bioinformatics Authors: Santi Segu í, Michal Drozdzal, Guillem Pascual, Petia Radeva, Carolina Malagelada, Fernando Azpiroz, Jordi Vitrià Source Type: research
Concise biomarker for spatial-temporal change in three-dimensional ultrasound measurement of carotid vessel wall and plaque thickness based on a graph-based random walk framework: Towards sensitive evaluation of response to therapy
Rapid progression in total plaque area and volume measured from ultrasound images has been shown to be associated with an elevated risk of cardiovascular events. Since atherosclerosis is focal and predominantly occurring at bifurcation, biomarkers that are able to quantify the spatial distribution of vessel-wall-plus-plaque thickness (VET) change may allow for more sensitive detection of treatment effect. The goal of this paper is to develop simple and sensitive biomarkers to quantify the responsiveness to therapies based on the spatial distribution of VWT-Change on the entire 2D carotid standardized map previously describ...
Source: Computers in Biology and Medicine - October 18, 2016 Category: Bioinformatics Authors: Bernard Chiu, Weifu Chen, Jieyu Cheng Source Type: research
A feed forward adaptive canceller to reduce the occlusion effect in hearing aids
Hearing aids are essential devices for social integration of hearing impaired people in order to improve their auditory perception. Recent studies have reported significant dissatisfaction factors that tend to reduce their daily use. The occlusion effect is one important source of complaints. This phenomenon stems from the partial or complete closure of the ventilation opening of the ear-mould, usually performed to prevent feedback effects in high-gain devices. This work presents a new adaptive active-noise-control system to reduce the occlusion effect in small- or unvented hearing aids. (Source: Computers in Biology and Medicine)
Source: Computers in Biology and Medicine - October 17, 2016 Category: Bioinformatics Authors: Renata Coelho Borges, M árcio Holsbach Costa Source Type: research
A feedforward Adaptive canceller to reduce the occlusion effect in hearing aids
Hearing aids are essential devices for social integration of hearing impaired people in order to improve their auditory perception. Recent studies have reported significant dissatisfaction factors that tend to reduce their daily use. The occlusion effect is one important source of complaints. This phenomenon stems from the partial or complete closure of the ventilation opening of the ear-mould, usually performed to prevent feedback effects in high-gain devices. This work presents a new adaptive active-noise-control system to reduce the occlusion effect in small- or unvented hearing aids. (Source: Computers in Biology and Medicine)
Source: Computers in Biology and Medicine - October 17, 2016 Category: Bioinformatics Authors: Renata Coelho Borges, M árcio Holsbach Costa Source Type: research
Parallel deformation of heterogeneous ChainMail models: application to interactive deformation of large medical volumes
In this work we present a new solution for correctly handling heterogeneous materials in ChainMail models, which are widely used in medical applications. Our core method relies on two main components: (1) a novel timestamp-based propagation scheme that tracks the propagation speed of a deformation through the model and allows to correct ambiguous configurations, and (2) a novel relaxation stage that performs an energy minimization process taking into account the heterogeneity of the model. In addition, our approach extends the SP-ChainMail algorithm by supporting interactive topology changes and handling multiple concurren...
Source: Computers in Biology and Medicine - October 16, 2016 Category: Bioinformatics Authors: Alejandro Rodr íguez, Alejandro León, Germán Arroyo Source Type: research
Cellular Automaton Simulation of the Diffusive Motion of Bacteria and Their Adhesion to Nanostructures on a Solid Surface
The growth of a biofilm begins with the adhesion of bacteria to a solid surface. Consequently, biofilm growth can be managed by the control of bacterial adhesion. Recent experimental studies have suggested that bacterial adhesion can be controlled by modifying a solid surface using nanostructures. Computational prediction and analysis of bacterial adhesion behavior are expected to be useful for the design of effective arrangements of nanostructures for controlling bacterial adhesion. The present study developed a cellular automaton (CA) model for bacterial adhesion simulation that could describe both the diffusive motion o...
Source: Computers in Biology and Medicine - October 16, 2016 Category: Bioinformatics Authors: Takehiro Yamamoto, Chie Emura, Masashi Oya Source Type: research
Studies in Using a Universal Exchange and Inference Language for Evidence Based Medicine. Semi-Automated Learning and Reasoning for PICO Methodology, Systematic Review, and Environmental Epidemiology
The Q-UEL language of XML-like tags and the associated software applications are providing a valuable toolkit for Evidence Based Medicine (EBM). In this paper the already existing applications, data bases, and tags are brought together with new ones. The particular Q-UEL embodiment used here is the BioIngine. The main challenge is one of bringing together the methods of symbolic reasoning and calculative probabilistic inference that underlie EBM and medical decision making. Some space is taken to review this background. (Source: Computers in Biology and Medicine)
Source: Computers in Biology and Medicine - October 15, 2016 Category: Bioinformatics Authors: Barry Robson Source Type: research
The complexity of electrodermal activity is altered in mental cognitive stressors
The aim of this study was to evaluate potential changes in the electrodermal activity (EDA) to enable the detection of variations in the sympathetic nervous system during mental load and recovery period. Several EDA parameters were used: SCA (skin conductance amplitude), frequency of NS-EDR (nonspecific electrodermal responses), SIE (symbolic information entropy), and ApEn (approximate entropy). The cohort consisted of 50 healthy students (average age: 23.33 ± 0.24yr., 25 women). The stress profile consisted of five phases: baseline (P1), Stroop test (P2), recovery (P3), mental arithmetic test (P4), and recovery (P5). (So...
Source: Computers in Biology and Medicine - October 13, 2016 Category: Bioinformatics Authors: Zuzana Visnovcova, Michal Mestanik, Michal Gala, Andrea Mestanikova, Ingrid Tonhajzerova Source Type: research
A New Age-Related Model for Blood Stroke Volume
A new computer model for systolic pulse waves within the cardiovascular system is presented. The emphasis was made on blood stroke volume (BS). The new waveform for pulse wave demands the re-computing of the BS. The authors showed the applicability of suggested model for arterial aging problem. (Source: Computers in Biology and Medicine)
Source: Computers in Biology and Medicine - October 13, 2016 Category: Bioinformatics Authors: G.P. Chuiko, O.V. Dvornik, S.I. Shyian, Ye.A. Baganov Source Type: research
Two step transfer entropy – An estimator of delayed directional couplings between multivariate EEG time series
Quantifying delayed directional couplings between electroencephalographic (EEG) time series requires an efficient method of causal network inference. This is especially due to the limited knowledge about the underlying dynamics of the brain activity. Recent methods based on information theoretic measures such as Transfer Entropy (TE) made significant progress on this issue by providing a model-free framework for causality detection. However, TE estimation from observed data is not a trivial task, especially when the number of variables is large which is the case in a highly complex system like human brain. (Source: Compute...
Source: Computers in Biology and Medicine - October 12, 2016 Category: Bioinformatics Authors: Maryam Songhorzadeh, Karim Ansari-Asl, Alimorad Mahmoudi Source Type: research
Ultrasound Fusion Image Error Correction Using Subject-specific Liver Motion Model and Automatic Image Registration
Ultrasound fusion imaging is an emerging tool and benefits a variety of clinical applications, such as image-guided diagnosis and treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma and unresectable liver metastases. However, respiratory liver motion-induced misalignment of multimodal images (i.e., fusion error) compromises the effectiveness and practicability of this method. The purpose of this paper is to develop a subject-specific liver motion model and automatic registration-based method to correct the fusion error. (Source: Computers in Biology and Medicine)
Source: Computers in Biology and Medicine - October 12, 2016 Category: Bioinformatics Authors: Minglei Yang, Hui Ding, Lei Zhu, Guangzhi Wang Source Type: research
Influence of Feature Set Reduction on Breast Cancer Malignancy Classification of Fine Needle Aspiration Biopsies
Grading of breast cancer malignancy is a key step in its diagnosis, which in turn helps to determine its prognosis and a course of treatment. In this paper, we consider the application of pattern recognition and image processing techniques to perform computer-assisted automatic breast cancer malignancy grading from cytological slides of fine needle aspiration biopsies. To determine a classification of the malignancy of the slide, a feature set is first determined from imagery of the slides. In this paper we investigated the nature of a wide set of features extracted from biopsy images to determine their discriminatory powe...
Source: Computers in Biology and Medicine - October 12, 2016 Category: Bioinformatics Authors: Łukasz Jeleń, Adam Krzyżak, Thomas Fevens, Michał Jeleń Source Type: research
Two step Transfer Entropy- an estimator of delayed directional couplings between multivariate EEG time series
Quantifying delayed directional couplings between electroencephalographic (EEG) time series requires an efficient method of causal network inference. This is especially due to the limited knowledge about the underlying dynamics of the brain activity. Recent methods based on information theoretic measures such as Transfer Entropy (TE) made significant progress on this issue by providing a model-free framework for causality detection. However, TE estimation from observed data is not a trivial task, especially when the number of variables is large that is the case in a highly complex system like human brain. (Source: Computer...
Source: Computers in Biology and Medicine - October 12, 2016 Category: Bioinformatics Authors: Maryam Songhorzadeh, Karim Ansari-Asl, Alimorad Mahmoudi Source Type: research
CAF É-Map: Context Aware Feature Mapping for mining high dimensional biomedical data
Feature selection and ranking is of great importance in analysis of biomedical data. In addition to reducing the number of features used in classification or other machine learning tasks, it allows us to extract meaningful biological and medical information from a machine learning model. Most existing approaches in this domain do not directly model the fact that the relative importance of features can be different in different regions of the feature space. In this work, we present a context aware feature ranking algorithm called CAF É-Map. (Source: Computers in Biology and Medicine)
Source: Computers in Biology and Medicine - October 10, 2016 Category: Bioinformatics Authors: Fayyaz ul Amir Afsar Minhas, Amina Asif, Muhammad Arif Source Type: research
Non-Intrusive Practitioner Pupil Detection for Unmodified Microscope Oculars
Modern microsurgery is a long and complex task requiring the surgeon to handle multiple microscope controls while performing the surgery. Eye tracking provides an additional mean of interaction for the surgeon that could be used to alleviate this situation, diminishing surgeon fatigue and surgery time, thus decreasing risks of infection and human error. In this paper, we introduce a novel algorithm for pupil detection tailored for eye images acquired through an unmodified microscope ocular. The proposed approach, the Hough transform, and six state-of-the-art pupil detection algorithms were evaluated on over 4000 hand-label...
Source: Computers in Biology and Medicine - October 6, 2016 Category: Bioinformatics Authors: Wolfgang Fuhl, Thiago Santini, Carsten Reichert, Daniel Claus, Alois Herkommer, Hamed Bahmani, Katharina Rifai, Siegfried Wahl, Enkelejda Kasneci Source Type: research
