Clinical Neurology and Neurosurgery This is an RSS file. You can use it to subscribe to this data in your favourite RSS reader or to display this data on your own website or blog.

Neurosurgical relevance of the dissection of the diencephalic white matter tracts using the Klingler technique
The white matter of the brain was described early in the history of the anatomy probably due to its fibrous structure and color [1]. In 1671, Niels Stensen proposed the scraping method for the dissection of the brain white matter [1]. This method was used by numerous anatomists in the two following centuries to describe numerous white matter fiber tracts, which allied to improved brain preservation with fixation chemicals, lead to more accurate drawings and photographs as it was reviewed in [1,2]. (Source: Clinical Neurology and Neurosurgery)
Source: Clinical Neurology and Neurosurgery - March 2, 2017 Category: Neurosurgery Authors: Susana M. Silva, Diogo Cunha-Cabral, Jos é Paulo Andrade Source Type: research

Prognosis of pituitary adenomas in the early 1970s and today — Is there a benefit of modern surgical techniques and treatment modalities?
The development of new diagnostic modalities, surgical techniques and treatment strategies has changed the concept of pituitary adenoma therapy over the last 30 years remarkably. The computer tomographic (CT) scanning introduced by Hounsfield in 1973 [2,24 –26] and the magnetic resonance (MR) imaging in 1978 as described in detail by Doyle et al. in 1981 [17] represent the ‘gold standard’ methods for the diagnosis and follow up of intracranial tumours, in general. The use of the operating microscope has become a standard technique in most intrac ranial procedures since the 1960s [33,56]. (Source: Clinical Neurology and Neurosurgery)
Source: Clinical Neurology and Neurosurgery - March 2, 2017 Category: Neurosurgery Authors: Stefan Linsler, Friedericke Quack, Karsten Schwerdtfeger, Joachim Oertel Source Type: research

Anti-NMDAR encephalitis followed by seropositive neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder: A case report and literature review
We report the clinical characteristics and imaging features of a special case with anti-NMDAR encephalitis followed by NMOSD. We subsequently reviewed the English language literature about demyelinating disorders with anti-NMDAR encephalitis. (Source: Clinical Neurology and Neurosurgery)
Source: Clinical Neurology and Neurosurgery - February 27, 2017 Category: Neurosurgery Authors: Ye Ran, Lu Wang, Fangfang Zhang, Ran Ao, Zhao Dong, Shengyuan Yu Source Type: research

Head Drop after Botox: Electrodiagnostic Evaluation of Iatrogenic Botulinum Toxicity
Systemic weakness following botulinum neurotoxin injection is rare. Life-threatening cases of iatrogenic botulism have been reported following lethal doses of unlicensed preparations. In adults, iatrogenic botulism has been reported in hereditary spastic paraparesis, limb dystonia, hemiparesis, and even following detrusor injection for neurogenic bladder. In the majority of reported cases, clinical criteria have established the diagnosis (Bakheit et al., 1997, Bhatia et al., 1999, Coban et al., 2010, [1]). (Source: Clinical Neurology and Neurosurgery)
Source: Clinical Neurology and Neurosurgery - February 25, 2017 Category: Neurosurgery Authors: Eliza Szuch, James B. Caress, Bandhu Paudyal, Allison Brashear, Michael S. Cartwright, Roy E. Strowd Source Type: research

Characteristics and predictors of outcome of spontaneous spinal epidural abscesses treated conservatively: a retrospective cohort study in a referral center
Spinal epidural abscess (SEA) is a rare, but life-threatening infection, which involves a collection of pus in the area between the dura mater and the vertebral periosteum. Prompt recognition and management are essential to prevent disastrous complications and achieve cure. The first description of this entity was made in the eighteenth century by Morgagni, followed by subsequent similar case reports [1,2]. During the first three-quarters of the twentieth century, the incidence of SEA was 0.2 to 1.2 cases per 10,000 hospital admissions in the U.S.A. (Source: Clinical Neurology and Neurosurgery)
Source: Clinical Neurology and Neurosurgery - February 25, 2017 Category: Neurosurgery Authors: Nikolaos Spernovasilis, Stelios Demetriou, Maria Bachlitzanaki, Ioannis Gialamas, Kalliopi Alpantaki, Georgios Hamilos, Apostolos Karantanas, Achilleas Gikas Source Type: research

Adjacent Segment Disease after Instrumented Fusion for Adult Lumbar Spondylolisthesis: Incidence and Risk Factors
Spondylolisthesis is characterized by the forward slippage of one vertebral on the next caudal vertebra [1]. It occurs most frequently in the lumbar spine, and the most common etiologies are degenerative and isthmic spondylolisthesis [2]. Lumbar spondylolisthesis is a common cause for low back pain, radiculopathy, and/or neurogenic claudication among the adult population. Decompression and fusion with instrumentation is a common procedure for adult lumbar spondylolisthesis. Although instrumented fusion can achieve a high fusion rate and favorable clinical outcomes, adjacent segment disease (ASD) is a common problem followi...
Source: Clinical Neurology and Neurosurgery - February 25, 2017 Category: Neurosurgery Authors: Zhao-Ming Zhong, Vedat Deviren, Bobby Tay, Shane Burch, Sigurd H. Berven Source Type: research

Addendum to ‘Occurrence and recurrence of spontaneous chronic subdural haematoma is associated with a factor XIII deficiency’ [Clin. Neurol. Neurosurg. 115 (January (1)) (2013) 13–18]
The authors regret Keywords: Chronic subdural haematoma; Factor XIII; (Spontaneous) Chronic subdural haematoma; Haemostatic disorders; Differential diagnosis of stroke; Blood vessels; Wound healing. (Source: Clinical Neurology and Neurosurgery)
Source: Clinical Neurology and Neurosurgery - February 23, 2017 Category: Neurosurgery Authors: Bert Bosche, Marek Molcanyi, Thomas Noll, Matthias Kochanek, Bastian Kraus, Bernhard Rieger, Faycal El Majdoub, Christian Dohmen, Mario L öhr, Roland Goldbrunner, Gerrit Brinker Tags: Addendum Source Type: research

Retractorless surgery for third ventricle tumor resection through the transcallosal approach
The surgery of the third ventricle is challenging in neurosurgery, because of its deep location, important neural structures, and the complex vascular anatomy surrounding it. The transcallosal-interforniceal surgical approach is the predominant approach for third ventricle tumor removal, and satisfactory outcomes have been achieved with this approach [1 –3]. However, postoperative complications such as paralysis, disturbance of consciousness, mutism, postoperative hydrocephalus, and subdural or subcutaneous fluid collection have also accompanied this surgical approach with a certain probability [4–7]. (Source: Clinical...
Source: Clinical Neurology and Neurosurgery - February 23, 2017 Category: Neurosurgery Authors: Xiang Wang, Yan-hui Liu, Qing Mao Source Type: research

Hereditary cerebral small vessel disease and stroke
Hereditary small vessel diseases are a minor part of cerebral small vessel disease (SVD), which is known to cause ischemic and hemorrhagic strokes and dementia [1]. About 25% of ischemic strokes are attributed to small vessel disease [2]. (Source: Clinical Neurology and Neurosurgery)
Source: Clinical Neurology and Neurosurgery - February 22, 2017 Category: Neurosurgery Authors: Christian Baastrup S øndergaard, Jørgen Erik Nielsen, Christine Krarup Hansen, Hanne Christensen Tags: Review Article Source Type: research

Analyzing the Efficacy of Frequent Sodium Checks during Hypertonic Saline Infusion after Elective Brain Tumor Surgery
To assess the utility of frequent sodium checks (every 6hours) in patients receiving hypertonic saline (HS) after elective brain tumor surgeries. (Source: Clinical Neurology and Neurosurgery)
Source: Clinical Neurology and Neurosurgery - February 22, 2017 Category: Neurosurgery Authors: Alexander M. Tucker, Seung J. Lee, Lawrance K. Chung, Natalie E. Barnette, Brittany L. Voth, Carlito Lagman, Daniel T. Nagasawa, Isaac Yang Source Type: research

A prospective study of Diffusion weighted magnetic resonance imaging abnormalities in patients with cluster of seizures and status epilepticus
Imaging of postictal patients is performed to investigate causes of seizure, such as space-occupying lesions or other “structural” processes. However, abnormalities may be found, that reflect physiological or pathologic alterations due to seizure activity, and are called periictal MRI abnormalities (PMA) [1]. These changes are caused by factors such as increased metabolic activity, hyperperfusion associated wit h ictal activity, postictal hypoperfusion and transient ultrastructural pathologic alterations, all of which reflect the sustained electrical activity of epileptic neurons. (Source: Clinical Neurology and Neurosurgery)
Source: Clinical Neurology and Neurosurgery - February 22, 2017 Category: Neurosurgery Authors: S.A. Jabeen, Pavankumar cherukuri, Rukmini Mridula, K.R. Harshavardhana, Padmaja gaddamanugu, Sailaja Sarva, A.K. Meena, Rupam Borgohain, Y. Jyotsna Rani Source Type: research

Fluorescence-guided surgery of brain abscesses
Commonly, surgical removal of space-occupying brain abscesses (BA), followed by specific or calculated antibiotic treatment is considered the treatment of choice [3 –5]. Complete resection of pus and capsule should always be aimed for, in order to avoid local chronic inflammation of the brain. However, in complex cases, when the BA involves eloquent areas, and/or is multi-focal, at least aspiration of pus is recommended while the capsule can be left undisturb ed. In any case, identification of the BA, especially when small infectious spots are located deeply in the brain, and, for improved differentiation between unaffec...
Source: Clinical Neurology and Neurosurgery - February 22, 2017 Category: Neurosurgery Authors: Julius H öhne, Alexander Brawanski, Karl-Michael Schebesch Source Type: research

Hereditary Cerebral Small Vessel Disease 
 and Stroke
Hereditary small vessel diseases are a minor part of cerebral small vessel disease (SVD), which is known to cause ischemic and hemorrhagic strokes and dementia [1]. About 25% of ischemic strokes are attributed to small vessel disease [2]. (Source: Clinical Neurology and Neurosurgery)
Source: Clinical Neurology and Neurosurgery - February 22, 2017 Category: Neurosurgery Authors: Christian Baastrup S øndergaard, Christine Krarup Hansen, Hanne Christensen, Jørgen Erik Nielsen Tags: Review Article Source Type: research

Cavernous sinus syndrome: a prospective study of 73 cases at a tertiary care centre in Northern India
The term cavernous sinus syndrome (CSS) denotes any disease process affecting the cavernous sinus (CS), a small but complex structure containing several important structures within its walls namely internal carotid artery, ocular motor nerves, trigeminal nerves, and sympathetic fibers. The close proximity of CS to paranasal sinuses and other important structures of brain makes it susceptible to several unique disease processes such as fungal infections (which commonly spread from adjoining paranasal sinuses), malignancies (e.g. (Source: Clinical Neurology and Neurosurgery)
Source: Clinical Neurology and Neurosurgery - February 22, 2017 Category: Neurosurgery Authors: S. Bhatkar, M.K. Goyal, A. Takkar, K.K. Mukherjee, P. Singh, R. Singh, V. Lal Tags: Full Length Article Source Type: research

Enhanced cardiac sympathetic activity in patients with focal brain lesions
In their well-presented study, Koszewicz et al. found an enhanced sympathetic nervous system activity in patients with primer brain tumors as assessed with heart rate variability (HRV). The authors used low frequency (LF) power, high frequency (HF) power and LF/HF ratio as indices of HRV [1]. LF and HF power components are usually given in raw or absolute values of power (milliseconds squared) or percentage. LF and HF indices can also be presented with their normalized units, which can be calculated from the raw or absolute values of LF or HF divided by the total spectral power. (Source: Clinical Neurology and Neurosurgery)
Source: Clinical Neurology and Neurosurgery - February 19, 2017 Category: Neurosurgery Authors: Ertugrul Kurtoglu Tags: Letter to Editor Source Type: research