PA28 γ acts as a dual regulator of IL-6 and CCL2 and contributes to tumor angiogenesis in oral squamous cell carcinoma
PA28 γ promotes tumor development and progression and is suggested to play a role in tumor angiogenesis, but the molecular mechanisms have not been investigated. Here, we found that PA28γ enhanced the ability of OSCC cells to promote the migration, invasion, and tube formation of HUVECs and promoted tu mor-induced angiogenesis in xenograft mice models in vivo. Then, a mechanism study revealed that the expression and secretion of IL-6 and CCL2 were dependent on PA28γ expression. Furthermore, blocking IL-6 or CCL2 or the transcription factor NF-κB induced the inhibition of tube formation in HUVECs co-cultured with PA28γ...
Source: Cancer Letters - April 24, 2018 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Sai Liu, Dongjuan Liu, Xin Zeng, Jiongke Wang, Jiajia Liu, Junxin Cheng, Kexin Lei, Hetian Bai, Ning Ji, Min Zhou, Lu Jiang, Hongxia Dan, Jing Li, Qianming Chen Tags: Original Articles Source Type: research
Hedgehog signaling negatively co-regulates BH3-only protein Noxa and TAp73 in TP53-mutated cells
In the present study, we show that pharmacological repression by the Hedgehog (Hh) pathway inhibitor (HPI) GANT61 induces expression of the proapoptotic protein Noxa in TP53-mutated embryonal pediatric tumor cells driven by Hh signaling (i.e. rhabdomyosarcoma (RMS) and medulloblastoma (MB)). Similarly, genetic silencing of Gli1 by siRNA causes increased Noxa mRNA and protein levels, while overexpression of Gli1 results in decreased Noxa expression. Furthermore, TAp73 mRNA and protein levels are increased upon Gli1 knockdown, while Gli1 overexpression reduces TAp73 mRNA and protein levels. (Source: Cancer Letters)
Source: Cancer Letters - April 24, 2018 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Michael Torsten Meister, Cathinka Boedicker, Thomas Klingebiel, Simone Fulda Tags: Original Articles Source Type: research
Knockdown of TGF- β1 expression in human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells reverts their exosome-mediated EMT promoting effect on lung cancer cells
In this study, we found that human umbilical cord MSC-conditioned medium (MSC-CM) promotes EMT, invasion, and migration, yet inhibits proliferation and promotes apoptosis of lung cancer cells. The EMT-promoting effect of MSCs was mediated by exosomes derived from MSCs (MSC-exo) and eliminated by inhibiting exosome release. (Source: Cancer Letters)
Source: Cancer Letters - April 24, 2018 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Xiaoyin Zhao, Xue Wu, Manqing Qian, Yuxian Song, Dongliang Wu, Wen Zhang Tags: Original Articles Source Type: research
miR-19a-mediated downregulation of RhoB inhibits the dephosphorylation of AKT1 and induces osteosarcoma cell metastasis
Osteosarcoma is a primary malignancy that develops in bone, along with serious recurrence and metastasis. As an isoform of Rho family GTPases, RhoB could suppress cell proliferation, invasion, and anti-angiogenesis. But it is not clear how RhoB involves in tumor metastasis. Here we found that expression of RhoB was decreased in osteosarcoma primary samples and cell lines. Ectopic expression of RhoB restrains the migration of osteosarcoma cells in vitro and in vivo, and induces osteosarcoma cell apopotsis. (Source: Cancer Letters)
Source: Cancer Letters - April 24, 2018 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Qingping Zou, Xin Xiao, Ying Liang, Lina Peng, Zheng Guo, Wei Li, Wenqiang Yu Tags: Original Articles Source Type: research
miRNA 146a promotes chemotherapy resistance in lung cancer cells by targeting DNA damage inducible transcript 3 (CHOP)
The underlying molecular mechanism of lung cancer drug resistance is poorly understood. The mediator of endoplasmic reticulum stress CHOP (DNA damage inducible transcript 3) promotes stress-induced apoptosis and appears to function as a transcription factor in multiple diseases. However, its potential contributions to multidrug resistance in solid tumors is unknown. Here, we investigated CHOP expression in tumor tissues form 69 lung cancer patients, finding that deficient CHOP expression is associated with poor prognosis. (Source: Cancer Letters)
Source: Cancer Letters - April 24, 2018 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Wenfeng Tan, Yi Liao, Yang Qiu, Hongxiang Liu, Deli Tan, Tao Wu, Meng Tang, Shixin Zhang, Haidong Wang Tags: Original Articles Source Type: research
Editorial Board
(Source: Cancer Letters)
Source: Cancer Letters - April 21, 2018 Category: Cancer & Oncology Source Type: research
Recruited T cells promote the bladder cancer metastasis via up-regulation of the estrogen receptor β/IL-1/c-MET signals
Clinical data indicates that T cells can be recruited to bladder cancer (BCa) tumors, yet the impact of T cells on BCa progression remains unclear. In the present study, we found that T cells were recruited more to BCa tissues than to the surrounding normal bladder tissues. Results from an in vitro co-culture system also found that BCa recruited more CD4+ T cells than did normal bladder cells. The recruiting of T cells to BCa tissues may increase the proliferation and invasion of BCa cells. Mechanistic studies revealed that infiltrating T cells stimulate BCa estrogen receptor beta (ER β) signaling and consequently increas...
Source: Cancer Letters - April 20, 2018 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Le Tao, Jianxin Qiu, Spencer Slavin, Zhenyu Ou, Zhihong Liu, Jifu Ge, Elizabeth A. Guancial, Edward M. Messing, Chawnshang Chang, Shuyuan Yeh Tags: Original Articles Source Type: research
Novel cancer gene variants and gene fusions of triple-negative breast cancers (TNBCs) reveal their molecular diversity conserved in the patient-derived xenograft (PDX) model
Despite the improved 5-year survival rate of breast cancer, triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) remains a challenge due to lack of effective targeted therapy and higher recurrence and metastasis than other subtypes. To identify novel druggable targets and to understand its unique biology, we tried to implement 24 patient-derived xenografts (PDXs) of TNBC. The overall success rate of PDX implantation was 45%, much higher than estrogen receptor (ER)-positive cases. Immunohistochemical analysis revealed conserved ER/PR/Her2 negativity (with two exceptions) between the original and PDX tumors. (Source: Cancer Letters)
Source: Cancer Letters - April 20, 2018 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Jaeyun Jung, Kiwon Jang, Jung Min Ju, Eunji Lee, Jong Won Lee, Hee Jung Kim, Jisun Kim, Sae Byul Lee, Beom Seok Ko, Byung Ho Son, Hee Jin Lee, Gyungyup Gong, Sei Yeon Ahn, Jung Kyoon Choi, Shree Ram Singh, Suhwan Chang Tags: Original Articles Source Type: research
Recruited T cells promote the bladder cancer metastasis via up-regulation of the estrogen receptor β/IL-1/c-MET signals
Clinical data indicates that T cells can be recruited to bladder cancer (BCa) tumors, yet the impact of T cells on BCa progression remains unclear. In the present study, we found that T cells were recruited more to BCa tissues than to the surrounding normal bladder tissues. Results from an in vitro co-culture system also found that BCa recruited more CD4+ T cells than did normal bladder cells. The recruiting of T cells to BCa tissues may increase the proliferation and invasion of BCa cells. Mechanistic studies revealed that infiltrating T cells stimulate BCa estrogen receptor beta (ER β) signaling and consequently increas...
Source: Cancer Letters - April 20, 2018 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Le Tao, Jianxin Qiu, Spencer Slavin, Zhenyu Ou, Zhihong Liu, Jifu Ge, Elizabeth A. Guancial, Edward M. Messing, Chawnshang Chang, Shuyuan Yeh Tags: Original Articles Source Type: research
Novel cancer gene variants and gene fusions of triple-negative breast cancers (TNBCs) reveal their molecular diversity conserved in the patient-derived xenograft (PDX) model
Despite the improved 5-year survival rate of breast cancer, triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) remains a challenge due to lack of effective targeted therapy and higher recurrence and metastasis than other subtypes. To identify novel druggable targets and to understand its unique biology, we tried to implement 24 patient-derived xenografts (PDXs) of TNBC. The overall success rate of PDX implantation was 45%, much higher than estrogen receptor (ER)-positive cases. Immunohistochemical analysis revealed conserved ER/PR/Her2 negativity (with two exceptions) between the original and PDX tumors. (Source: Cancer Letters)
Source: Cancer Letters - April 20, 2018 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Jaeyun Jung, Kiwon Jang, Jung Min Ju, Eunji Lee, Jong Won Lee, Hee Jung Kim, Jisun Kim, Sae Byul Lee, Beom Seok Ko, Byung Ho Son, Hee Jin Lee, Gyungyup Gong, Sei Yeon Ahn, Jung Kyoon Choi, Shree Ram Singh, Suhwan Chang Tags: Original Articles Source Type: research
Dysregulation of microRNAs in autoimmune diseases: pathogenesis, biomarkers and potential therapeutic targets
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small, single-stranded, endogenous non-coding RNAs that repress the expression of target genes via post-transcriptional mechanisms. Due to their broad regulatory effects, the precisely regulated, spatial-specific and temporal-specific expression of miRNAs is fundamentally important to various biological processes including the immune homeostasis and normal function of both innate and adaptive immune response. Aberrance of miRNAs is implicated in the development of various human diseases, especially cancers. (Source: Cancer Letters)
Source: Cancer Letters - April 19, 2018 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Hai Long, Xin Wang, Yongjian Chen, Ling Wang, Ming Zhao, Qianjin Lu Tags: Mini-review Source Type: research
Control of T cell effector functions by miRNAs
The differentiation of effector T cells is a tightly regulated process that relies on the selective expression of lineage-defining master regulators that orchestrate unique transcriptional programs, including the production of distinct sets of effector cytokines. miRNAs are post-transcriptional regulators that are now viewed as critical players in these gene expression networks and help defining cell identity and function. This review summarises the role of individual miRNAs in the regulation of the differentiation of effector T cell subsets, including CD4+ T helper cells, cytotoxic CD8+ T cells and innate-like NKT cells. ...
Source: Cancer Letters - April 18, 2018 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Daniel P. In ácio, Tiago Amado, Bruno Silva-Santos, Anita Q. Gomes Tags: Mini-review Source Type: research
Protein arginine methyltransferase 5 promotes lung cancer metastasis via the epigenetic regulation of miR-99 family/FGFR3 signaling
Protein arginine methyltransferase 5 (PRMT5) functions as a tumor initiator to regulate several cancer progressions, such as proliferation and apoptosis, by catalyzing the symmetrical dimethylation (me2s) of arginine residues within targeted molecules. However, the exact role of PRMT5-mediated metastasis in lung cancer is not fully understood. Here, we illustrated its potential effects in lung cancer metastasis in vivo and vitro. PRMT5 was frequently overexpressed in lung tumors, and its expression was positively related to tumor stages, lymphatic metastasis and poor outcome. (Source: Cancer Letters)
Source: Cancer Letters - April 18, 2018 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Pengyu Jing, Nan Zhao, Mingxiang Ye, Yong Zhang, Zhipei Zhang, Jianyong Sun, Zhengxin Wang, Jian Zhang, Zhongping Gu Tags: Original Articles Source Type: research
Control of T cell effector functions by miRNAs
The differentiation of effector T cells is a tightly regulated process that relies on the selective expression of lineage-defining master regulators that orchestrate unique transcriptional programs, including the production of distinct sets of effector cytokines. miRNAs are post-transcriptional regulators that are now viewed as critical players in these gene expression networks and help defining cell identity and function. This review summarises the role of individual miRNAs in the regulation of the differentiation of effector T cell subsets, including CD4+ T helper cells, cytotoxic CD8+ T cells and innate-like NKT cells. ...
Source: Cancer Letters - April 18, 2018 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Daniel P. In ácio, Tiago Amado, Bruno Silva-Santos, Anita Q. Gomes Tags: Mini-review Source Type: research
