Behavioral Telehealth Consultation with Families of Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder
In this study, desktop video teleconferencing was used to facilitate behavioral consultation at a distance with three parents of school‐age children with autism spectrum disorders. Parents were supported via desktop video teleconferencing as they conducted functional analyses and learned to implement an antecedent manipulation strategy, functional communication training, and a consequence‐based strategy. Parents then conducted a brief multi‐element treatment comparison to evaluate the preliminary effectiveness of each intervention strategy on their child's challenging behavior. The results of this study provide addit...
Source: Behavioral Interventions - March 31, 2016 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Authors: Wendy Machalicek, Jenna Lequia, Sarah Pinkelman, Christen Knowles, Tracy Raulston, Tonya Davis, Fahad Alresheed Tags: Research Article Source Type: research
Comparing Continuous and Discontinuous Data Collection during Discrete Trial Teaching of Tacting by Children with Autism
The present study compared continuous and discontinuous data collection systems on acquisition, generalization, and maintenance of tacts, and on‐task behavior, during discrete trial teaching with three children with autism. A constant prompt‐delay procedure was used to teach tacts. Performance across data collection systems was compared using continuous measurement collected daily in the presence of teaching, discontinuous measurement of the first trial only, and discontinuous measurement collected weekly in the absence of teaching (i.e., probe data). An adapted alternating treatments design was used. For two of the th...
Source: Behavioral Interventions - March 31, 2016 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Authors: ToniAnne Giunta‐Fede, Sharon A. Reeve, Ruth M. DeBar, Jason C. Vladescu, Kenneth F. Reeve Tags: Research Article Source Type: research
Effects of Performance Criteria during Reading Instruction on Generalized Oral Reading Fluency
Although there is some evidence that setting performance criteria may improve oral reading fluency interventions, little is known about the generalized effects of these criteria. The present study trained two third‐grade students to three different fluency levels on instructional passages and assessed generalized performance in corresponding high word‐overlap passages within an alternating treatments design. Results indicated no discernable differences across experimental conditions. Follow‐up analyses revealed that generalized gains per trial were actually larger in lower criterion conditions, suggesting that perfor...
Source: Behavioral Interventions - February 11, 2016 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Authors: Nicholas D. Young, Edward J. Daly Tags: Brief Report Source Type: research
A Review of Behavioral Interventions for Anxiety‐Related Behaviors in Lower‐Functioning Individuals with Autism
Anxiety is highly prevalent in persons with autism and affects individuals with higher‐functioning autism (HFA) and lower‐functioning autism (LFA). Although there is emerging support for the efficacy of cognitive‐behavioral therapy (CBT) in treating anxiety in autism, these findings are largely based on HFA samples. Moreover, CBT may be inappropriate for individuals with LFA who may struggle to grasp the cognitive components of the therapy because of their more limited verbal abilities. Behavior analytic interventions may be better suited to treat anxiety in this population; however, the quantity and quality of the e...
Source: Behavioral Interventions - February 11, 2016 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Authors: Tamara E. Rosen, James E. Connell, Connor M. Kerns Tags: Research Article Source Type: research
Issue Information ‐ Info
No abstract is available for this article. (Source: Behavioral Interventions)
Source: Behavioral Interventions - February 3, 2016 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Tags: Issue Information ‐ Info Page Source Type: research
Issue Information ‐TOC
No abstract is available for this article. (Source: Behavioral Interventions)
Source: Behavioral Interventions - February 3, 2016 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Tags: Issue Information ‐TOC Source Type: research
A Progression to Transfer RIRD to the Natural Environment
Response interruption and redirection has been shown to be effective for decreasing vocal stereotypy, but treatment effects in the natural environment have yet to be documented in the literature. A recent review indicated the paucity of studies that implemented response interruption and redirection during typically occurring activities or for sessions longer than 5–10 min. One method to promote generalization across settings may be stimulus control procedures. The purpose of the current study was to evaluate the progression of the intervention from a highly structured to a more natural setting, and across longer durati...
Source: Behavioral Interventions - February 1, 2016 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Authors: Catherine K. Martinez, Alison M. Betz, Clare J. Liddon, Rebecca L. Werle Tags: Research Article Source Type: research
Using Percentile Schedules to Increase Academic Fluency
This study suggests that percentile schedules may provide an objective criterion for improving fluency. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. (Source: Behavioral Interventions)
Source: Behavioral Interventions - February 1, 2016 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Authors: Alison M. Clark, Jonathan D. Schmidt, Nabil Mezhoudi, SungWoo Kahng Tags: Brief Report Source Type: research
Reducing Phobic Behavior Near Water and Increasing Water Approach Skills
Drowning is the leading cause of unintentional death worldwide, and the highest rates are among children. The purpose of this study was to utilize a multi‐component intervention to increase water skills for three typically developing children, who had a history of fear of swimming, and to evaluate changes in both phobic behaviors and positive affect. The intervention, comprised of goal setting, self‐monitoring, behavioral skills training and positive reinforcement, was used in community pools to teach basic water skills. Results suggest that the intervention was successful in increasing the participant's water skills a...
Source: Behavioral Interventions - February 1, 2016 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Authors: Paula E. Chan, Kimberly A. Crosland, Victoria A. Fogel Tags: Research Article Source Type: research
Discriminated Functional Communication for Attention: Evaluating Fixed and Varied Durations of Reinforcer Availability
In this study, the participant was taught to only mand for attention during experimenter non‐busy periods. The participant could only discriminate busy and non‐busy activities during more naturalistic varied reinforcer availability periods following prior exposure to a fixed duration of availability. These data suggest that DFC may first have to be taught under more predictable conditions prior to transitioning to more naturalistic conditions. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. (Source: Behavioral Interventions)
Source: Behavioral Interventions - February 1, 2016 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Authors: Kaitlin E. Balka, Nicole L. Hausman, Erin Schaller, SungWoo Kahng Tags: Brief Report Source Type: research
Evaluation of a Sexual Abuse Prevention Program for Children with Intellectual Disabilities
The present study evaluated the effectiveness of a sexual abuse prevention program for children with intellectual disabilities. Three children with mild to moderate intellectual disabilities participated in the study. They were taught skills relative to identifying body parts and discrimination between appropriate and inappropriate situations, refusal skills (verbal refusing and leaving situations), and reporting skills through this program. A multiple probe across participants design was used to determine the effects of the program. Results demonstrated that the program was effective for teaching the skills to all three c...
Source: Behavioral Interventions - November 1, 2015 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Authors: Yu‐Ri Kim Tags: Research Article Source Type: research
Behavioral Variability in the Play of Children With Autism and Their Typically Developing Peers
Invariable or repetitive behavior is a defining feature of autism and can limit a child's exposure to varying consequences and subsequent learning opportunities. We compared the variability in play material selection between 30 children with autism and 30 typically developing children, aged 2‐8 years, across three different activities: selecting paper outfits to dress dolls, selecting beads to place on a string, and choosing marker colors for coloring shapes. Selections of materials could be varied or identical to previous selections within the session. Although there was some overlap between the two groups, children w...
Source: Behavioral Interventions - November 1, 2015 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Authors: Stacie L. Bancroft, Rachel H. Thompson, Lindsay C. Peters, Claudia L. Dozier, Amy M. Harper Tags: Research Article Source Type: research
A Preliminary Examination of Motivating Operation and Reinforcer Class Interaction
The interaction effects between motivating operations and reinforcer classes were evaluated using a superordinate multielement design. Two individuals with developmental disabilities participated. Participants were exposed to a motivating operation condition—pre‐session access until rejection or pre‐session restriction for 24 h—followed by a reinforcer assessment, in which the reinforcer response requirements progressively increased. Reinforcers, stimuli representative of primary, conditioned, and token reinforcers, were available on alternating sessions. The results showed that pre‐session access and restricti...
Source: Behavioral Interventions - November 1, 2015 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Authors: Jonathan W. Ivy, Nancy A. Neef, James N. Meindl, Neal Miller Tags: Research Article Source Type: research
A Preliminary Examination of a Vocal Generalized Conditioned Reinforcer
Generalized conditioned reinforcers (GCRs) in the form of tokens are commonly used in behavioral treatment. However, it is possible for non‐tangible consequences to also function as GCRs. For example, a vocal stimulus (e.g., good job) associated with completion of a work task, access to preferred actives, and peer interaction could function as a GCR. The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of pairing a vocal stimulus with multiple edible reinforcers on the Frequency math problem completion. The results suggest that a vocal statement paired with an array of four back‐up reinforcer functioned as a GCR for co...
Source: Behavioral Interventions - November 1, 2015 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Authors: Maria R. Helton, Jonathan W. Ivy Tags: Research Article Source Type: research
Training Staff to Implement a Paired‐stimulus Preference Assessment using Video Modeling with Voiceover Instruction
A key component of successful early intervention programming is the identification of stimuli that may function as reinforcers. One common direct method used by behavior analysts to determine preference is the paired‐stimulus (PS) preference assessment. Although effective at identifying potential reinforcers, the PS procedure is only useful if staff are trained on the steps necessary to conduct the assessment. The current study examined the effectiveness of video modeling with voiceover instruction to train staff to conduct a PS preference assessment. Three staff were trained to do the following: (i) identify items to us...
Source: Behavioral Interventions - August 6, 2015 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Authors: Prisca Deliperi, Jason C. Vladescu, Kenneth F. Reeve, Sharon A. Reeve, Ruth M. DeBar Tags: Research Article Source Type: research
