Automated measurement in applied behavior analysis: a review
Measurement is a critical aspect of the scientific process. If measurement systems are not accurate and precise, the findings of experiments will most likely be spurious. In applied behavior analysis, the most prevalent form of measurement is human observation with automated measurement being used sporadically. Automated measurement is generally more accurate as it minimizes recording error. This paper reviews some of the common measurement systems currently in use and examines some new technologies that may expand the use of automated recording in the future. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. (Source: Behavioral Interventions)
Source: Behavioral Interventions - April 1, 2013 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Authors: Brian J. Crowley‐Koch, Ron Van Houten Tags: Research Article Source Type: research
Establishing derived textual activity schedules in children with autism
Children with autism are frequently taught to follow picture activity schedules to increase independence in task engagement and transitions. As textual behavior allows for greater independence and efficiency in responding, schedules should rapidly become textual in form. Previous research has shown the effectiveness of conditional discrimination training and superimposition and fading procedures in establishing textual control. The current study evaluated the effectiveness of these procedures in establishing derived textual control in activity schedules. Participants included two children with autism (ages 3 and 8 years)...
Source: Behavioral Interventions - April 1, 2013 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Authors: Evelyn C. Sprinkle, Caio F. Miguel Tags: Research Article Source Type: research
Brief report: latency functional analysis of elopement
Elopement is a potentially dangerous problem behavior prevalent among individuals with developmental disabilities. However, functional analysis of elopement presents unique challenges including potential confounds because of the need for participant retrieval during functional analysis sessions. In the current study, we implemented a latency functional analysis with an eight‐year‐old child with an intellectual disability, in which the dependent measure was latency to elopement. Following the latency functional analysis, a functional communication intervention was developed and its effectiveness in decreasing elopement ...
Source: Behavioral Interventions - April 1, 2013 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Authors: Tonya N. Davis, Shannon Durand, Jenna Bankhead, Erica Strickland, Kara Blenden, Sharon Dacus, Alyssa Pond Hannig, Megan Haupert, Lisa Fuentes, Wendy Machalicek Tags: Research Article Source Type: research
A review of comparison studies in applied behavior analysis
A commonly used research design in applied behavior analysis involves comparing two or more independent variables. Typically, the relative effectiveness of two different interventions is measured on a single dependent variable. In the current review, 54 comparison studies from seven different peer‐reviewed, behavior analytic journals were evaluated between the years 2002 and 2011. Each study was evaluated across seven dimensions: (1) experimental design, (2) setting, (3) participants, (4) type of comparison, (5) number of comparisons, (6) treatment integrity, and (7) outcome. There were some consistencies across studies,...
Source: Behavioral Interventions - March 13, 2013 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Authors: Daniel B. Shabani, Wing Yan Lam Tags: Research Article Source Type: research
The effect of response effort on compliance in young children
We evaluated the effect of response effort on compliance with three children who exhibited noncompliance when asked to relinquish a preferred toy. Participants were given access to a preferred toy and then asked to place the toy in a toy bin, which was located either 0.3 m (low effort) or 3 m (high effort) away. We used a reversal design to evaluate the effect of the effort manipulation. Compliance by all three participants was sensitive to the effort manipulation. In addition, compliance by two participants maintained as the distance required to comply with instructions was systematically increased. Copyright © 2013 ...
Source: Behavioral Interventions - March 12, 2013 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Authors: David A. Wilder, Anthony T. Fischetti, Kristin Myers, Yanerys Leon‐Enriquez, Lina Majdalany Tags: Original Article Source Type: research
Editorial
(Source: Behavioral Interventions)
Source: Behavioral Interventions - February 18, 2013 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Authors: William H. Ahearn Tags: Editorial Source Type: research
Message from richard m. foxx, editor‐in chief 1996–2012
(Source: Behavioral Interventions)
Source: Behavioral Interventions - February 18, 2013 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Tags: Editorial Source Type: research
An individualized levels system to increase independent mealtime behavior in children with food refusal
An individualized levels system was implemented to increase independent eating in two children with food refusal. Participants earned access to different status levels associated with varying availability of preferred items/activities outside of meals according to criteria based on low levels of prompting throughout the meal. A reversal design was implemented to evaluate the effects of the intervention on independent mealtime behavior. Results demonstrated that the levels system was effective in increasing independent eating and in decreasing prompted bites for both participants. Although the effectiveness of an individual...
Source: Behavioral Interventions - November 1, 2012 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Authors: Melissa L. Gonzalez, Tessa Taylor, Carrie S. W. Borrero, Emily Sangkavasi Tags: Research Article Source Type: research
