Annals of Advances in Automotive Medicine This is an RSS file. You can use it to subscribe to this data in your favourite RSS reader or to display this data on your own website or blog.

Use of kinect ™ for naturalistic observation of occupants in vehicles.
Use of kinect™ for naturalistic observation of occupants in vehicles. Ann Adv Automot Med. 2013;57:343-4 Authors: Arbogast KB, Loeb H, Cross S, Davydov J, Mascarenhas K, Koppel S, Charlton J PMID: 24406970 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Annals of Advances in Automotive Medicine)
Source: Annals of Advances in Automotive Medicine - July 21, 2016 Category: Global & Universal Tags: Ann Adv Automot Med Source Type: research

Pedestrian injury patterns according to car and casualty characteristics in france.
Authors: Martin JL, Lardy A, Laumon B Abstract This paper describes the injury patterns of pedestrians involved in collisions with cars, compares them with other road casualties and estimates the possible effect of car front profile on injury location. Injury patterns were identified using the Rhône Road Trauma Registry which covers all the casualties resulting from crashes in the Rhône Département (1.6 million inhabitants) who seek medical care in health facilities. Fatality rates were estimated from national police reports for the same years (1996-2007), and the two data sources were linked to obtain ...
Source: Annals of Advances in Automotive Medicine - June 3, 2015 Category: Global & Universal Tags: Ann Adv Automot Med Source Type: research

Injury differences between small and large overlap frontal crashes.
Authors: Hallman JJ, Yoganandan N, Pintar FA, Maiman DJ Abstract Because small overlap impacts have recently emerged as a crash mode posing great injury risk to occupants, a detailed analysis of US crash data was conducted using the NASS/CDS and CIREN databases. Frontal crashes were subcategorized into small overlap impact (SOI) and large overlap impact (LOI) using crash and crush characteristics from the datasets. Injuries to head, spine, chest, hip and pelvis, and lower extremities were parsed and compared between crash types. MAIS 3+ occupants in NASS/CDS and CIREN demonstrated increased incidence of he...
Source: Annals of Advances in Automotive Medicine - June 3, 2015 Category: Global & Universal Tags: Ann Adv Automot Med Source Type: research

Quantitative analyses of pediatric cervical spine ossification patterns using computed tomography.
The objective of the present study was to quantify ossification processes of the human pediatric cervical spine. Computed tomography images were obtained from a high resolution scanner according to clinical protocols. Bone window images were used to identify the presence of the primary synchondroses of the atlas, axis, and C3 vertebrae in 101 children. Principles of logistic regression were used to determine probability distributions as a function of subject age for each synchondrosis for each vertebra. The mean and 95% upper and 95% lower confidence intervals are given for each dataset delineating probability curves. Post...
Source: Annals of Advances in Automotive Medicine - June 3, 2015 Category: Global & Universal Tags: Ann Adv Automot Med Source Type: research

Lateral neck injury assessments in side impact using post mortem human subject tests.
The objective of this study was to develop a testing methodology and to determine the lateral bending moment injury threshold under coronal loading. Post mortem human subjects (PMHS) were used. Specimens consisted of whole body and isolated head-neck complexes with intact musculature. Intact specimen positioning included: sitting PMHS upright on a rigid seat, supporting the torso by a plate, maintaining Frankfurt plane horizontal. Isolated head-neck complexes were fixed at T1 with the occiput connected via a custom apparatus to a testing device to induce lateral bending motion. Head angular and linear accelerations and ang...
Source: Annals of Advances in Automotive Medicine - June 3, 2015 Category: Global & Universal Tags: Ann Adv Automot Med Source Type: research

Comparison of head-neck responses in frontal impacts using restrained human surrogates.
The objective of the study was to evaluate the head and neck kinetics of three-point belted Hybrid III dummy and Test Device for Human Occupant Restraint (THOR) in frontal impacts, and compare their responses with data from post mortem human subjects (PMHS). Surrogates were placed on a buck, capable of accommodating different anthropometry with similar initial positioning. Duplicate tests were conducted at low, medium, and high (3.6, 6.9, and 15.8 m/s) velocities. Upper and lower neck forces and moments were determined from load cell measures and its locations with respect to the ends of the neck. Head excursion-time respo...
Source: Annals of Advances in Automotive Medicine - June 3, 2015 Category: Global & Universal Tags: Ann Adv Automot Med Source Type: research

The biomechanics of the pediatric and adult human thoracic spine.
This study characterizes the dynamic response in bending of eight human spinal specimens (4 pediatric: ages 7 and 15 years, 4 adult: ages 48 and 52 years) from two sections along the thoracic spine (T2-T4 and T7-T9). Each specimen consisted of three vertebral bodies connected by the corresponding intervertebral discs. All ligaments were preserved in the preparation with the exception of the inter-transverse ligament. Specimens were exposed to a series of five dynamic bending ramp-and-hold tests with varying amplitudes at a nominal rate of 2 rad/s. After this battery of tests, failure experiments were conducted. The 7-year-...
Source: Annals of Advances in Automotive Medicine - June 3, 2015 Category: Global & Universal Tags: Ann Adv Automot Med Source Type: research

Prescription medication usage and crash culpability in a population of injured drivers.
CONCLUSIONS: These results suggest that special attention should be given to older drivers (45+) using two or more CNS-acting agents. PMID: 22105397 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Annals of Advances in Automotive Medicine)
Source: Annals of Advances in Automotive Medicine - June 3, 2015 Category: Global & Universal Tags: Ann Adv Automot Med Source Type: research

Correlating the extent of pulmonary contusion to vehicle crash parameters in near-side impacts.
Authors: Danelson KA, Chiles C, Thompson AB, Donadino K, Weaver AA, Stitzel JD Abstract Pulmonary contusion (PC) is the most common injury following blunt thoracic trauma with an associated mortality of 10% to 20%. The purpose of this study is to determine how crash parameters correlate to the volume of pulmonary contusion. The Crash Injury Research Engineering and Network (CIREN) database was queried to extract data on all occupants sustaining PC in a near-side crash. The selected CIREN data included all completed cases from 2005 through 2010. Cases involving a roll-over or without a thorax CT uploaded to...
Source: Annals of Advances in Automotive Medicine - June 3, 2015 Category: Global & Universal Tags: Ann Adv Automot Med Source Type: research

Response of the Worldwide Side Impact Dummy (WorldSID) to Localized Constant-Speed Impacts.
The objective of this study was to evaluate WorldSID constant-speed shoulder and thorax impact responses in terms of impact force, external and internal deflection (1D and 2D IR-Tracc response) for two velocities (1 m/s and 3 m/s), at three impact levels (shoulder, upper thorax and mid thorax) in three impact directions (lateral, +15° posterolateral, -15° anteraolateral). In addition, the impact force and external deflection were compared to previously published cadaver data. Each impact condition was repeated twice. A total of 42 tests were performed. The WorldSID's lowest peak impact force and external deflection were ...
Source: Annals of Advances in Automotive Medicine - June 3, 2015 Category: Global & Universal Tags: Ann Adv Automot Med Source Type: research

Planar impacts in rollover crashes: significance, distribution and injury epidemiology.
The objective of the study was to evaluate the distribution of planar impacts in rollover crashes, and in particular, to describe the differences in the underlying crash kinematics, injury severity and the regional distribution of injuries when compared to the rollover-dominated crashes without significant planar impact (i.e., primary rollovers). Sampled cases (n=6,900) from the U.S. National Automotive Sampling System - Crashworthiness Data System, representing approximately 3.3 million belted drivers involved in a rollover crash in years 1998-2008, were analyzed. Single vehicle rollover crashes with significant planar im...
Source: Annals of Advances in Automotive Medicine - June 3, 2015 Category: Global & Universal Tags: Ann Adv Automot Med Source Type: research

Comparisons of the Outcome Prediction Performance of Injury Severity Scoring Tools Using the Abbreviated Injury Scale 90 Update 98 (AIS 98) and 2005 Update 2008 (AIS 2008).
Authors: Tohira H, Jacobs I, Mountain D, Gibson N, Yeo A Abstract The Abbreviated Injury Scale (AIS) was revised in 2005 and updated in 2008 (AIS 2008). We aimed to compare the outcome prediction performance of AIS-based injury severity scoring tools by using AIS 2008 and AIS 98. We used all major trauma patients hospitalized to the Royal Perth Hospital between 1994 and 2008. We selected five AIS-based injury severity scoring tools, including Injury Severity Score (ISS), New Injury Severity Score (NISS), modified Anatomic Profile (mAP), Trauma and Injury Severity Score (TRISS) and A Severity Characterizati...
Source: Annals of Advances in Automotive Medicine - June 3, 2015 Category: Global & Universal Tags: Ann Adv Automot Med Source Type: research

Demographics, Velocity Distributions, and Impact Type as Predictors of AIS 4+ Head Injuries in Motor Vehicle Crashes.
The objective of the study was to determine differences between the United States-based NASS and CIREN and Australia-based ANCIS databases in occupant-, crash-, and vehicle-related parameters for AIS 4+ head injuries in motor vehicle crashes. Logistic regression analysis was performed to examine roles of the change in velocity (DV), crash type (frontal, far-side, nearside, rear impact), seatbelt use, and occupant position, gender, age, stature, and body mass in cranial traumas. Belted and unbelted non-ejected occupant (age >16 years) data from 1997-2006 were used for the NASS and CIREN datasets, and 2000-2010 for ANCIS....
Source: Annals of Advances in Automotive Medicine - June 3, 2015 Category: Global & Universal Tags: Ann Adv Automot Med Source Type: research

Drunk driving among novice drivers, possible prevention with additional psychological module in driving school curriculum.
Authors: Eensoo D, Paaver M, Harro J Abstract Road traffic collisions caused by drunk driving pose a significant public health problem all over the world. Therefore additional preventive activities against drunk driving should be worked out. The aim of the study was to assess drunk driving in novice drivers after a psychological intervention taking into account also impulsivity, law obedience, and alcohol-related measures. An intervention study was started with 1889 car driver's license attempters during their driving school studies. Subjects were classified as intervention group (n=1083, mean age 23.1 (SD...
Source: Annals of Advances in Automotive Medicine - June 3, 2015 Category: Global & Universal Tags: Ann Adv Automot Med Source Type: research

Responsibility study: main illicit psychoactive substances among car drivers involved in fatal road crashes.
Authors: Gadegbeku B, Amoros E, Laumon B Abstract In 1999, in France, before considering modifications in drug legislation, the government requested a study of the effect of illicit drugs on the risk of road crashes. It implemented a systematic screening of illicit drugs for all drivers involved in fatal crashes between October 2001 and September 2003. Within the European DRUID project, the study was restricted to car drivers.The project reported here is a responsibility analysis and, as such, it belongs to the framework of case-control studies; the outcome of interest is "being responsible for a fatal cra...
Source: Annals of Advances in Automotive Medicine - June 3, 2015 Category: Global & Universal Tags: Ann Adv Automot Med Source Type: research