Pediatric ansa cervicalis to recurrent laryngeal nerve anastomosis.
Authors: Smith ME
Abstract
This chapter reviews laryngeal reinnervation with ansa cervicalis for treatment of unilateral vocal fold paralysis and glottal incompetence in children. The relevant anatomy is discussed; the indications and contraindications are detailed. This is followed by a stepwise description of the surgical details of this operation.
PMID: 22472234 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE] (Source: Advances in Oto-Rhino-Laryngology)
Source: Advances in Oto-Rhino-Laryngology - December 2, 2014 Category: ENT & OMF Tags: Adv Otorhinolaryngol Source Type: research
Pediatric laryngeal electromyography.
Authors: Maturo SC, Hartnick CJ
Abstract
Vocal fold immobility (VFI) is a challenging management issue in pediatric otolaryngology. VFI is most commonly distinguished between unilateral (UVFI) and bilateral (BVFI) dysfunction. UVFI and BVFI are different pathophysiologic and clinical entities with distinct symptoms and etiologies. It has been generally accepted in the adult literature to wait at least 1 year prior to carrying out more permanent type procedures for VFI. This period has been extended out even further in children as the literature has suggested that vocal fold function may return many years l...
Source: Advances in Oto-Rhino-Laryngology - December 2, 2014 Category: ENT & OMF Tags: Adv Otorhinolaryngol Source Type: research
Vocal fold injection medialization laryngoplasty.
Authors: Modi VK
Abstract
Unilateral vocal fold paralysis (UVFP) can cause glottic insufficiency that can result in hoarseness, chronic cough, dysphagia, and/or aspiration. In rare circumstances, UVFP can cause airway obstruction necessitating a tracheostomy. The treatment options for UVFP include observation, speech therapy, vocal fold injection medialization laryngoplasty, thyroplasty, and laryngeal reinnervation. In this chapter, the author will discuss the technique of vocal fold injection for medialization of a UVFP.
PMID: 22472236 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE] (Source: Advances in Oto-Rhino-Laryngology)
Source: Advances in Oto-Rhino-Laryngology - December 2, 2014 Category: ENT & OMF Tags: Adv Otorhinolaryngol Source Type: research
Laryngeal cleft.
We describe the diagnosis and endoscopic management of type 1 laryngeal clefts, highlighting surgical pearls necessary for success.
PMID: 22472237 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE] (Source: Advances in Oto-Rhino-Laryngology)
Source: Advances in Oto-Rhino-Laryngology - December 2, 2014 Category: ENT & OMF Tags: Adv Otorhinolaryngol Source Type: research
Pediatric supraglottoplasty.
Authors: Ambrosio A, Brigger MT
Abstract
Laryngomalacia is the most common congenital laryngeal abnormality, as well as the most common cause of stridor in infants. Laryngomalacia presents as a wide spectrum of disease from mild noisy breathing with feeding to life-threatening airway obstruction and failure to thrive. The stridor associated with laryngomalacia is generally inspiratory in nature from supraglottic airway collapse. Supraglottoplasty refers to a group of procedures used for the surgical management of laryngomalacia. In this chapter, the authors review laryngomalacia and describe the surgical t...
Source: Advances in Oto-Rhino-Laryngology - December 2, 2014 Category: ENT & OMF Tags: Adv Otorhinolaryngol Source Type: research
Juvenile-onset recurrent respiratory papillomatosis.
Authors: Maturo SC, Hartnick CJ
Abstract
Juvenile-onset recurrent respiratory papillomatosis, caused by the human papilloma virus, is the most common benign neoplasm of the larynx in children. Recurrent respiratory papillomatosis is relatively rare, but it can have a significant impact on afflicted children and their family's quality of life as dysphonia and multiple surgical procedures are hallmarks of this disease. The current standard of care is surgical therapy with a goal of complete papilloma removal and preservation of normal structures. The technique in this atlas combines both the microdebrider an...
Source: Advances in Oto-Rhino-Laryngology - December 2, 2014 Category: ENT & OMF Tags: Adv Otorhinolaryngol Source Type: research
Pediatric lingual tonsillectomy.
Authors: Maturo SC, Hartnick CJ
Abstract
Tonsillectomy and adenoidectomy are an effective surgical treatment of pediatric obstructive sleep apnea; however, up to 20% of these patients can have persistent disease. In this select patient population, the lingual tonsil may be an occult source of obstruction. Lingual tonsillectomy can be a challenging procedure due to poor access and visualization, airway edema, postoperative pain and hemostasis during tissue removal. In this chapter, we describe our preferred technique for lingual tonsillectomy including surgical pearls for success.
PMID: 22472240 [Pu...
Source: Advances in Oto-Rhino-Laryngology - December 2, 2014 Category: ENT & OMF Tags: Adv Otorhinolaryngol Source Type: research
Pediatric airway balloon dilation.
Authors: Maturo SC, Hartnick CJ
Abstract
Over the past decade, there has also been renewed interest in serial dilatation for the management of subglottic and tracheal stenosis with the advent of new technologies such as airway balloons designed for the pediatric airway. In this chapter, the authors describe the technique of application of airway balloons as a useful adjunct for management of airway lesions.
PMID: 22472241 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE] (Source: Advances in Oto-Rhino-Laryngology)
Source: Advances in Oto-Rhino-Laryngology - December 2, 2014 Category: ENT & OMF Tags: Adv Otorhinolaryngol Source Type: research
Endoscopic posterior cricoid split with rib grafting.
Authors: Modi VK
Abstract
Bilateral vocal fold immobility (BVFI) can be divided into bilateral vocal fold paralysis and cricoarytenoid joint fixation, which can be accompanied with laryngeal stenosis. In children with BVFI, requiring a tracheostomy, the authors preference, to achieve decannulation, is to perform an endoscopic posterior cricoid split with rib grafting after the age of 1.
PMID: 22472242 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE] (Source: Advances in Oto-Rhino-Laryngology)
Source: Advances in Oto-Rhino-Laryngology - December 2, 2014 Category: ENT & OMF Tags: Adv Otorhinolaryngol Source Type: research
Vocal cordotomy.
Authors: Modi VK
Abstract
Congenital bilateral vocal fold paralysis (BVFP) is the second most common cause of stridor in neonates. Etiologies of BVFP include neurologic, cardiopulmonary malformations, iatrogenic, traumatic, and idiopathic. One half of children with BVFP will require a tracheostomy for upper airway obstruction. Because more than 50% of BVFP will resolve spontaneously, many advocate surgical intervention to achieve decannulation after the age of one. The goal of surgery is to provide an adequate airway to allow decannulation with minimal impact on speech and swallowing. There is no one proce...
Source: Advances in Oto-Rhino-Laryngology - December 2, 2014 Category: ENT & OMF Tags: Adv Otorhinolaryngol Source Type: research
Endoscopic choanal atresia repair.
Authors: Gallagher TQ, Hartnick CJ
Abstract
Congenital choanal atresia (CA) is relatively rare, with an incidence of 1 in 7,000 births with a majority being the mixed bony-membranous type. There are 5 described methods of CA repair: transpalatal, transnasal, sublabialtransnasal, transantral, and transseptal approaches. Transpalatal and transnasal have been the most popular in the last several decades with transnasal becoming the preferred technique with the advent of endoscopic instruments and techniques. In this chapter, the authors seek to describe their techniques for endoscopic transnasal repair of CA ...
Source: Advances in Oto-Rhino-Laryngology - December 2, 2014 Category: ENT & OMF Tags: Adv Otorhinolaryngol Source Type: research
Endoscopic resection of juvenile nasopharyngeal angiofibroma.
Authors: Rogers DJ, Bevans SE, Harsha WJ
Abstract
Juvenile nasopharyngeal angiofibromas remain rare tumors representing approximately 0.05% of head and neck tumors. The typical presentation is a male teenager with recurrent epistaxis and nasal obstruction. These tumors were traditionally approached via external and/or intraoral incisions, but many are amenable to endoscopic removal. Preoperative embolization of major feeding vessels to these tumors by interventional radiology has resulted in significantly less blood loss and facilitated endoscopic resection. The following chapter discusses endoscopic resec...
Source: Advances in Oto-Rhino-Laryngology - December 2, 2014 Category: ENT & OMF Tags: Adv Otorhinolaryngol Source Type: research
Surgery for velopharyngeal insufficiency.
Authors: Capra G, Brigger MT
Abstract
Velopharyngeal inadequacy may be learned, neurologic, or anatomic in origin. Velopharyngeal insufficiency specifically refers to an anatomic deficiency, which subsequently impairs resonant control of speech and intraoral pressure for orally directed speech sounds. Preoperative speech therapy is useful, and in some children may provide definitive treatment. However, surgery is the foundation of effective treatment in most patients with anatomic defects and, when used appropriately, has been shown to result in resolution of velopharyngeal insufficiency in 62-98% of cases...
Source: Advances in Oto-Rhino-Laryngology - December 2, 2014 Category: ENT & OMF Tags: Adv Otorhinolaryngol Source Type: research
Double-reversing z-plasty (Furlow palatoplasty).
Authors: Boseley M, Bevans SE
Abstract
Dr. Leonard Furlow first described the double-reversing z-plasty technique for cleft soft palate repair in 1978. This approach allows for repair of an overt or submucous cleft palate, but just as an importantly, provides additional length to the palate and also realigns the palatal musculature. The Furlow palatoplasty (the name by which the procedure is commonly referred) has therefore been instrumental in the treatment of velopharyngeal insufficiency. The primary aims of this chapter are to provide the clinician with the indications for when to consider utilizing the...
Source: Advances in Oto-Rhino-Laryngology - December 2, 2014 Category: ENT & OMF Tags: Adv Otorhinolaryngol Source Type: research
Pediatric sialendoscopy.
Authors: Bruch JM, Setlur J
Abstract
Sialendoscopy was introduced in the early 1990s as a minimally invasive alternative to standard methods for diagnosis and treatment of inflammatory and obstructive salivary gland disease. The technique was pioneered in adults; however, advances in instrumentation have allowed this to be adapted to the smaller salivary ductal anatomy found in the pediatric population. In this chapter, the technique of sialendoscopy for parotid and submandibular glands is described.
PMID: 22472248 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE] (Source: Advances in Oto-Rhino-Laryngology)
Source: Advances in Oto-Rhino-Laryngology - December 2, 2014 Category: ENT & OMF Tags: Adv Otorhinolaryngol Source Type: research
