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Betwixt and Between: Intracranial Perspective on Zygomatic Arch Plasticity and Function in Mammals
ABSTRACT The zygomatic arch is morphologically complex, providing a key interface between the viscerocranium and neurocranium. It also serves as an attachment site for masticatory muscles, thereby linking it to the feeding apparatus. Though morphological variation related to differential loading is well known for many craniomandibular elements, the adaptive osteogenic response of the zygomatic arch remains to be investigated. Here, experimental data are presented that address the naturalistic influence of masticatory loading on the postweaning development of the zygoma and other cranial elements. Given the similarity of bo...
Source: The Anatomical Record Part A: Discoveries in Molecular, Cellular, and Evolutionary Biology - November 14, 2016 Category: Molecular Biology Authors: Erin M. Franks, Nathan E. Holton, Jeremiah E. Scott, Kevin R. McAbee, Jason T. Rink, Kazune C. Pax, Adam C. Pasquinelly, Joseph P. Scollan, Meghan M. Eastman, Matthew J. Ravosa Tags: ARTICLE Source Type: research

Ontogeny of the Postorbital Region in Tarsiers and Other Primates
ABSTRACT Bony structure of the postorbital region is a key trait distinguishing major clades of primates. Strepsirrhines share a postorbital bar, and anthropoids share a complete postorbital septum. At issue is whether the partial postorbital septum of tarsiers unites living tarsiers more closely with anthropoids than with certain large‐eyed Eocene fossils. Previously we reported incomplete postorbital closure in tarsiers at birth. In this article, we document comparative analyses of the postorbital region in a broad range of perinatal primates. Virtual reconstructions of microCT data were used to study three‐dimension...
Source: The Anatomical Record Part A: Discoveries in Molecular, Cellular, and Evolutionary Biology - November 14, 2016 Category: Molecular Biology Authors: Valerie B. DeLeon, Timothy D. Smith, Alfred L. Rosenberger Tags: ARTICLE Source Type: research

Developmental and Evolutionary Significance of the Zygomatic Bone
ABSTRACT The zygomatic bone is derived evolutionarily from the orbital series. In most modern mammals the zygomatic bone forms a large part of the face and usually serves as a bridge that connects the facial skeleton to the neurocranium. Our aim is to provide information on the contribution of the zygomatic bone to variation in midfacial protrusion using three samples; humans, domesticated dogs, and monkeys. In each case, variation in midface protrusion is a heritable trait produced by one of three classes of transmission: localized dysmorphology associated with single gene dysfunction, selective breeding, or long‐term e...
Source: The Anatomical Record Part A: Discoveries in Molecular, Cellular, and Evolutionary Biology - November 14, 2016 Category: Molecular Biology Authors: Yann Heuz é, Kazuhiko Kawasaki, Tobias Schwarz, Jeffrey J. Schoenebeck, Joan T. Richtsmeier Tags: ARTICLE Source Type: research

Development, Structure, and Function of the Zygomatic Bones: What is New and Why Do We Care?
ABSTRACT This issue of The Anatomical Record is the first of a two‐volume set on the zygoma (also called the cheek bone, the zygomatic bone, the malar, or the jugal, the latter term being used in vertebrates other than mammals). The zygoma is an important component of the craniofacial skeleton, in which the zygoma is a connection between the midfacial and the cranial skeletons; has a functional role as the origin of one of the masticatory muscles, the masseter muscle, and several facial muscles; has been considered as an essential buttress of the facial skeleton for resisting masticatory forces; and has importance for de...
Source: The Anatomical Record Part A: Discoveries in Molecular, Cellular, and Evolutionary Biology - November 14, 2016 Category: Molecular Biology Authors: Paul C. Dechow, Qian Wang Tags: ARTICLE Source Type: research

Understanding the Tie That Binds: Deciphering the World of the Zygoma
(Source: The Anatomical Record Part A: Discoveries in Molecular, Cellular, and Evolutionary Biology)
Source: The Anatomical Record Part A: Discoveries in Molecular, Cellular, and Evolutionary Biology - November 14, 2016 Category: Molecular Biology Authors: Jeffrey T. Laitman Tags: ARTICLE Source Type: research

The Anatomical Record Celebrates Its Continuing Exploration of the Vertebrate Skull With Our First Two Part Special Issue: Understanding the Zygoma
(Source: The Anatomical Record Part A: Discoveries in Molecular, Cellular, and Evolutionary Biology)
Source: The Anatomical Record Part A: Discoveries in Molecular, Cellular, and Evolutionary Biology - November 14, 2016 Category: Molecular Biology Authors: Jeffrey T. Laitman, Kurt H. Albertine Tags: ARTICLE Source Type: research

Issue Information – Copyright
(Source: The Anatomical Record Part A: Discoveries in Molecular, Cellular, and Evolutionary Biology)
Source: The Anatomical Record Part A: Discoveries in Molecular, Cellular, and Evolutionary Biology - November 14, 2016 Category: Molecular Biology Tags: Issue Information – Copyright Source Type: research

Issue Information – Table of Contents
(Source: The Anatomical Record Part A: Discoveries in Molecular, Cellular, and Evolutionary Biology)
Source: The Anatomical Record Part A: Discoveries in Molecular, Cellular, and Evolutionary Biology - November 14, 2016 Category: Molecular Biology Tags: Issue Information – Table of Contents Source Type: research

Cover Image
(Source: The Anatomical Record Part A: Discoveries in Molecular, Cellular, and Evolutionary Biology)
Source: The Anatomical Record Part A: Discoveries in Molecular, Cellular, and Evolutionary Biology - November 14, 2016 Category: Molecular Biology Tags: Cover Image Source Type: research

Behavior ‐Associated Neuronal Activation after Kainic Acid‐Induced Hippocampal Neurotoxicity is Modulated in Time
This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved. (Source: The Anatomical Record Part A: Discoveries in Molecular, Cellular, and Evolutionary Biology)
Source: The Anatomical Record Part A: Discoveries in Molecular, Cellular, and Evolutionary Biology - November 10, 2016 Category: Molecular Biology Authors: Andrea Aguilar ‐Arredondo, Fernanda López‐Hernández, Lizbeth García‐Velázquez, Clorinda Arias, Angélica Zepeda Tags: Full Length Article Source Type: research

Quantitative Evaluation of Normal Aqueductal Cerebrospinal Fluid Flow Using Phase ‐Contrast Cine MRI According to Age and Sex
Conclusion: Normal aqueductal CSF flow parameters evaluated with PCC‐MRI don't show a significant difference by age and sex. We have achieved the lower and upper values ​​of these parameters would be useful in future clinical studies. The size of aqueductal area may also be explained by atrophy‐dependent ventricular system dilatation in the elderly. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved. (Source: The Anatomical Record Part A: Discoveries in Molecular, Cellular, and Evolutionary Biology)
Source: The Anatomical Record Part A: Discoveries in Molecular, Cellular, and Evolutionary Biology - October 31, 2016 Category: Molecular Biology Authors: Zulal Oner, Aysegul Sagir Kahraman, Evren Kose, Serkan Oner, Ahmet Kavakli, Mahmut Cay, Davut Ozbag Tags: Full Length Article Source Type: research

Renoprotection from Diabetic Complications in OVE Transgenic Mice by Endothelial Cell Specific Overexpression of Metallothionein: A TEM Stereological Analysis
Conclusions: These results confirm the importance of oxidative stress to glomerular damage in DN, and show the central role of endothelial cell injury to the pathogenesis of chronic complications of diabetes. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved. (Source: The Anatomical Record Part A: Discoveries in Molecular, Cellular, and Evolutionary Biology)
Source: The Anatomical Record Part A: Discoveries in Molecular, Cellular, and Evolutionary Biology - October 31, 2016 Category: Molecular Biology Authors: Edward C. Carlson, Jennifer M. Chhoun, Bryon D. Grove, Donna I. Laturnus, Shirong Zheng, Paul N. Epstein, Yi Tan Tags: Letter to the Editor Source Type: research

Brachial plexus in the pampas fox (Lycalopex gymnocercus): A descriptive and comparative analysis
This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved. (Source: The Anatomical Record Part A: Discoveries in Molecular, Cellular, and Evolutionary Biology)
Source: The Anatomical Record Part A: Discoveries in Molecular, Cellular, and Evolutionary Biology - October 28, 2016 Category: Molecular Biology Authors: Paulo de Souza Junior, Natan da Cruz de Carvalho, Karine de Mattos, Marcelo Abidu Figueiredo, Andr é Luiz Quagliatto Santos Tags: Full Length Article Source Type: research

Streptozotocin ‐induced maternal hyperglycemia increases the expression of antioxidant enzymes and mast cell number in offspring rat ventral prostate
This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved. (Source: The Anatomical Record Part A: Discoveries in Molecular, Cellular, and Evolutionary Biology)
Source: The Anatomical Record Part A: Discoveries in Molecular, Cellular, and Evolutionary Biology - October 26, 2016 Category: Molecular Biology Authors: Ana C.L. Camargo, S érgio A.A. dos Santos, Jaqueline C. Rinaldi, Flavia B. Constantino, Ketlin T. Colombelli, Wellerson R. Scarano, Sérgio L. Felisbino, Luis A. Justulin Tags: Full Length Article Source Type: research

Trend Towards Individualisation of the Endocrine and Exocrine Portions of the Giant Anteater Pancreas (Myrmecophaga tridactyla, Xenarthra)
This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved. (Source: The Anatomical Record Part A: Discoveries in Molecular, Cellular, and Evolutionary Biology)
Source: The Anatomical Record Part A: Discoveries in Molecular, Cellular, and Evolutionary Biology - October 26, 2016 Category: Molecular Biology Authors: Luciana Pedrosa Iglesias, Phelipe Oliveira Favaron, J éssica Borghesi, Ana Claudia Oliveira Carreira, Maria Angelica Miglino, Alan Perez Ferraz de Melo Tags: Full Length Article Source Type: research