Non-opioid Analgesics in Adults After Major Surgery: Systematic Review With Network Meta-analysis of Randomized Trials
(Abstracted from Br J Anaesth, 118(1):22–31, 2017)
As a part of a balanced anaesthesia technique, many analgesics other than morphine (AOM) are used in the postoperative period to reduce pain and opioid consumption. The purpose of this systematic review with network meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials was to compare AOM to a placebo or another AOM for treating pain after major surgery when a morphine patient-controlled analgesia was used for pain control. (Source: Survey of Anesthesiology)
Source: Survey of Anesthesiology - June 1, 2017 Category: Anesthesiology Tags: Preoperative and Postoperative Care Source Type: research
Shedding Light on Anesthetic Mechanisms: Application of Photoaffinity Ligands
(Abstracted from Anesth Analg, 123(5):1253–1262, 2016)
The main aim of anesthesiology research is to understand the biochemistry of anesthetic pharmacologic phenotypes. Examining interactions between general anesthetics and their macromolecular targets is very important for figuring out the mechanisms of action for these drugs. (Source: Survey of Anesthesiology)
Source: Survey of Anesthesiology - June 1, 2017 Category: Anesthesiology Tags: Pharmacology Source Type: research
Active Management of Labor Epidural Analgesia Is the Key to Successful Conversion of Epidural Analgesia to Cesarean Delivery Anesthesia
(Abstracted from Anesth Analg, 123(5):1074–1076, 2016)
This editorial, which accompanied the article by Mankowitz et al,1 discusses one of the most challenging aspects of obstetric spinal anesthesia: the successful and safe conversion of epidural analgesia to cesarean delivery anesthesia. The editorial suggests that active management of labor epidural analgesia is central to the successful conversion of epidural analgesia to general anesthesia for a cesarean delivery. (Source: Survey of Anesthesiology)
Source: Survey of Anesthesiology - June 1, 2017 Category: Anesthesiology Tags: Obstetric Anesthesia Source Type: research
National and International Guidelines for Patient Blood Management in Obstetrics: A Qualitative Review
(Abstracted from Anesth Analg, 124:216–232, 2017)
With increasing rates of transfusions required during childbirth in resource-rich countries such as the United States, patient blood management (PBM) gains importance in addressing postpartum hemorrhage (PPH) in the obstetric setting. Several national obstetric societies have come up with PBM guidelines, but they have not been uniform in their approach. (Source: Survey of Anesthesiology)
Source: Survey of Anesthesiology - June 1, 2017 Category: Anesthesiology Tags: Obstetric Anesthesia Source Type: research
Implementation of Massive Transfusion Protocols in the United States: The Relationship Between Evidence and Practice
(Abstracted from Anesth Analg, 124:9–11, 2017)
This editorial reviews and augments the article “Massive Transfusion Protocols: A Survey of Academic Medical Centers in the United States” by Treml et al.1 The authors conducted a Web-based survey of massive transfusion protocol (MTP) implementation at US blood banks. (Source: Survey of Anesthesiology)
Source: Survey of Anesthesiology - June 1, 2017 Category: Anesthesiology Tags: Obstetric Anesthesia Source Type: research
Massive Transfusion Protocols: A Survey of Academic Medical Centers in the United States
(Abstracted from Anesth Analg, 124:277–281, 2017)
Numerous hospitals across the United States have adopted massive transfusion protocols (MTPs) to ensure that patients receive the necessary blood products at an optimal red blood cell (RBC)–plasma ratio. The benefits of having an MTP has been widely studied and documented; however, no specific guidelines exist as regards what products are to be included in the MTP and what are the optimal ratios to be adopted. (Source: Survey of Anesthesiology)
Source: Survey of Anesthesiology - June 1, 2017 Category: Anesthesiology Tags: Obstetric Anesthesia Source Type: research
Magnesium in Obstetric Anesthesia and Intensive Care
This article’s aim was to summarize existing literature, clinical experience, and data about the use of magnesium in the clinical setting of obstetric anesthesia and intensive care by outlining the when, why, and how of this essential element’s use. The article covered the physiological role and circumstances of its use and outlined the possible underlying mechanisms and dosages of magnesium. (Source: Survey of Anesthesiology)
Source: Survey of Anesthesiology - June 1, 2017 Category: Anesthesiology Tags: Obstetric Anesthesia Source Type: research
Optimal Hand Washing Technique to Minimize Bacterial Contamination Before Neuraxial Anesthesia: A Randomized Control Trial
(Abstracted from Int J Obstet Anesth, 29:39–44, 2017)
There is a need to identify an effective aseptic technique prior to neuraxial anesthesia because infection associated with these procedures may result in significant morbidity and mortality. While the frequency of disabling injuries is rare, it remains the leading cause of obstetric neuraxial medicolegal claims in the United States. (Source: Survey of Anesthesiology)
Source: Survey of Anesthesiology - June 1, 2017 Category: Anesthesiology Tags: Obstetric Anesthesia Source Type: research
Persistent Pain After Caesarean Section and Its Association With Maternal Anxiety and Socioeconomic Background
(Abstracted from Int J Obstet Anesth, 29:57–63, 2017)
The purpose of this prospective longitudinal observational cohort study was to define the incidence of new persistent pain after elective cesarean delivery in a largely socially deprived, urban Scottish population. The authors also aimed to correlate antenatal anxiety with persistent pain. (Source: Survey of Anesthesiology)
Source: Survey of Anesthesiology - June 1, 2017 Category: Anesthesiology Tags: Obstetric Anesthesia Source Type: research
Disconnecting Consciousness: Is There a Common Anesthetic End Point?
(Abstracted from Anesth Analg, 123(5):1228–1240, 2016)
The purpose of this review on the “Common Anesthetic End Point” was to comprehensively review the neuroscientific basis for anesthetic-induced loss and return of consciousness. Topics covered included a review of the importance of information integration in consciousness; early studies of network breakdown during anesthesia; preclinical, translational, and clinical research demonstrating disrupted frontal-to-parietal connectivity during anesthesia; and an update on the potential mechanisms of this functional disruption. (Source: Survey of Anesthesiology)
Source: Survey of Anesthesiology - June 1, 2017 Category: Anesthesiology Tags: General Anesthesia Source Type: research
Cricoid Pressure: Apply—But Be Ready to Release
(Abstracted from Anaesthesia, 1(9):999–1003, 2016)
This editorial accompanies the article by Andruszkiewicz et al.1 on whether cricoid pressure (CP) occludes the esophagus. The editorial sought to address 3 core questions regarding the use of the CP maneuver with the intention of preventing passive regurgitation of stomach contents from the esophagus into the laryngopharynx during anesthesia induction: (1) What is the risk of pulmonary aspiration during anesthetic induction, and does CP reduce that risk? (2) What is the anatomy involved? (3) Is CP ever harmful? (Source: Survey of Anesthesiology)
Source: Survey of Anesthesiology - June 1, 2017 Category: Anesthesiology Tags: General Anesthesia Source Type: research
Ultrasound Evaluation of the Impact of Cricoid Pressure Versus Novel ‘Paralaryngeal Pressure’ on Anteroposterior Oesophageal Diameter
(Abstracted from Anaesthesia, 71(9):1024–1029, 2016)
The 5-decade-old Sellick maneuver or cricoid pressure (CP) has been used to prevent the regurgitation of gastric contents during rapid sequence induction of general anaesthesia. Continued regurgitation in some cases despite its use has led to questions regarding the efficacy of CP, especially in the face of its interference with important aspects of airway management. (Source: Survey of Anesthesiology)
Source: Survey of Anesthesiology - June 1, 2017 Category: Anesthesiology Tags: General Anesthesia Source Type: research
The Effect of Dexmedetomidine Pretreatment on the Median Effective Bolus Dose of Propofol for Facilitating Laryngeal Mask Airway Insertion
This study aimed to investigate the effect of 1 μg/kg of dexmedetomidine pretreatment on the median effective dose (ED50) of propofol when used to facilitate successful laryngeal mask airway (LMA) insertion by comparing it with a control group who received only propofol. Smooth insertion of LMA is essential for patient safety, and swallowing or coughing during placement could prevent accurate seating of the LMA or cause dislodgement of a correctly positioned LMA. (Source: Survey of Anesthesiology)
Source: Survey of Anesthesiology - June 1, 2017 Category: Anesthesiology Tags: General Anesthesia Source Type: research
Goal Directed Fluid Therapy Decreases Postoperative Morbidity But Not Mortality in Major Non-cardiac Surgery: A Meta-analysis and Trial Sequential Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials
The objective of this meta-analysis and systematic review was to determine dynamic goal-directed fluid therapy’s (GDFT’s) effect on postoperative morbidity and mortality in noncardiac surgical patients. The effect of both noninvasive and less invasive dynamic parameter–guided GDFT in noncardiac surgical populations was assessed in this study. (Source: Survey of Anesthesiology)
Source: Survey of Anesthesiology - June 1, 2017 Category: Anesthesiology Tags: General Anesthesia Source Type: research
Gastric Regurgitation in Patients Undergoing Gynecological Laparoscopy With a Laryngeal Mask Airway: A Prospective Observational Study
(Abstracted from J Clin Anesth, 36:32–35, 2017)
The purpose this prospective, observational clinical investigation was to assess whether regurgitated gastric contents are present in the oropharynx of patients having laparoscopic gynecologic surgery with a laryngeal mask airway (LMA). The use of an LMA has been shown beneficial during postoperative recovery, but the use of LMA for laparoscopy remains controversial because of the risk of aspiration. (Source: Survey of Anesthesiology)
Source: Survey of Anesthesiology - June 1, 2017 Category: Anesthesiology Tags: General Anesthesia Source Type: research
