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Endovascular Treatment of Vertebral Artery Stenosis
Endovascular treatment of vertebral artery stenosis (VAS) is a safe and effective technique for treating symptoms caused by posterior circulation ischemia with high technical and clinical success rates, low complication rates and durable long-term results. Variable restenosis rates have been reported in the literature with small improvements demonstrated using drug eluting stents. Although there is insufficient evidence from randomized trials to demonstrate superiority of endovascular compared to optimal medical therapy for the treatment of this disease, patients who fail medical therapy should be considered for endovascul...
Source: Progress in Cardiovascular Diseases - March 7, 2017 Category: Cardiology Authors: J. Stephen Jenkins, Merrill Stewart Source Type: research

Personal Activity Intelligence (PAI), Sedentary Behavior and Cardiovascular Risk Factor Clustering – the HUNT Study
Prolonged sedentary behavior (SB) positively associates with clustering of risk factors for cardiovascular disease (CVD). The recently developed metric for physical activity (PA) tracking called Personal Activity Intelligence (PAI) takes into account age, sex, resting and maximum heart rate, and a score of ≥100 weekly PAI has been shown to reduce the risk of premature CVD death in healthy as well as individuals with known CVD risk factors, regardless of whether or not the current PA recommendations were met. (Source: Progress in Cardiovascular Diseases)
Source: Progress in Cardiovascular Diseases - March 4, 2017 Category: Cardiology Authors: Nina Zisko, Kjerstin N æss Skjerve, Atefe R. Tari, Silvana Bucher Sandbakk, Ulrik Wisløff, Bjarne M. Nes, Javaid Nauman Source Type: research

Impact of Changes in Cardiorespiratory Fitness on Hypertension, Dyslipidemia and Survival: an Overview of the Epidemiological Evidence
Over the last fifty years, cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) has been firmly established as an important risk factor for cardiovascular disease (CVD) and all-cause mortality. Mounting evidence supports a strong and inverse association between baseline CRF and the risk of developing hypertension (HTN) and dyslipidemia. Accumulating evidence also suggests that improving or maintaining a certain level of CRF over time leads to lower incidence of HTN and dyslipidemia and improves survival. These findings are promising with significant public health importance and warrant further evaluation to elucidate the role of longitudinal c...
Source: Progress in Cardiovascular Diseases - March 4, 2017 Category: Cardiology Authors: Xuemei Sui, Mark A. Sarzynski, Duck-chul Lee, Peter F. Kokkinos Source Type: research

Personal Activity Intelligence (PAI), Sedentary Behavior and Cardiovascular Risk Factor Clustering - The HUNT Study
Prolonged sedentary behavior (SB) positively associates with clustering of risk factors for cardiovascular disease (CVD). The recently developed metric for physical activity (PA) tracking called Personal Activity Intelligence (PAI) takes into account age, sex, resting and maximum heart rate, and a score of ≥100 weekly PAI has been shown to reduce the risk of premature CVD death in healthy as well as individuals with known CVD risk factors, regardless of whether or not the current PA recommendations were met. (Source: Progress in Cardiovascular Diseases)
Source: Progress in Cardiovascular Diseases - March 4, 2017 Category: Cardiology Authors: Nina Zisko, Kjerstin N æss Skjerve, Atefe R. Tari, Silvana Bucher Sandbakk, Ulrik Wisloff, Bjarne M. Nes, Javaid Nauman Source Type: research

Masthead
(Source: Progress in Cardiovascular Diseases)
Source: Progress in Cardiovascular Diseases - March 1, 2017 Category: Cardiology Source Type: research

Table of Contents
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Source: Progress in Cardiovascular Diseases - March 1, 2017 Category: Cardiology Source Type: research

List of Recent Issues
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Source: Progress in Cardiovascular Diseases - March 1, 2017 Category: Cardiology Source Type: research

Editorial Board
(Source: Progress in Cardiovascular Diseases)
Source: Progress in Cardiovascular Diseases - March 1, 2017 Category: Cardiology Source Type: research

The Current Global State of Key Lifestyle Characteristics: Health and Economic Implications
The chronic disease crisis we currently face must be addressed in rapid fashion. Cardiovascular (CV) and pulmonary diseases, diabetes as well as several forms of cancer are leading causes of morbidity and mortality globally. Collectively, these conditions have a significant impact on the quality of life of individuals, families and communities, placing an unsustainable burden on health systems. There is hope for the chronic disease crisis in that these conditions are largely preventable or can be delayed to much later in life through a timeless medicine, healthy living. (Source: Progress in Cardiovascular Diseases)
Source: Progress in Cardiovascular Diseases - February 15, 2017 Category: Cardiology Authors: Ross Arena, Amy McNeil, Michael Sagner, Andrew P Hills Source Type: research

The Evolution of Health Literacy and Communication: Introducing Health Harmonics
In the last fifteen years, research on the link between health literacy (HL) and poor health outcomes has resulted in mixed results. Since 2004, concerted effort has been made to improve not only practitioner training, but also the HL of the United States population. And yet, to this day, only 12% of adults are considered health literate. Along with increased awareness of HL, creation of strategies and initiatives, such as shared decision, plain language, and decision aides, have improved patient-centered approaches to facilitating a person's ability to obtain and understand health information to the extent that they are a...
Source: Progress in Cardiovascular Diseases - February 15, 2017 Category: Cardiology Authors: Amy McNeil, Ross Arena Source Type: research

Training Health Professionals to Deliver Healthy Living Medicine
The growing incidence and prevalence of unhealthy living behaviors leading to compromised health, along with unhealthy supportive environments, are the primary reasons for the current chronic disease crisis in almost all countries. Over the course of health professions training across disciplines, a large amount about information regarding various aspects of chronic disease is introduced, from pathophysiology to a broad array of approaches to examinations (focused on diagnosis and prognosis) and interventions. (Source: Progress in Cardiovascular Diseases)
Source: Progress in Cardiovascular Diseases - February 14, 2017 Category: Cardiology Authors: Marie-France Hivert, Amy McNeil, Carl J Lavie, Ross Arena Source Type: research

Global Fitness Levels: Findings From a Web-Based Surveillance Report
Cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) has shown to improve the classification beyond traditional risk factors and cumulative lifetime risk of death, however, there is no formal multicenter database that provides representative sample on a global scale to accurately interpret CRF measures. (Source: Progress in Cardiovascular Diseases)
Source: Progress in Cardiovascular Diseases - February 9, 2017 Category: Cardiology Authors: Javaid Nauman, Lucas C Tauschek, Leonard A Kaminsky, Bjarne M Nes, Ulrik Wisl øff Source Type: research

The Role of Technology in Healthy Living Medicine
Health care consumers are taking control of their health information and desire a greater role in managing their health. Approximately 77% of Americans now own a smartphone and the use of health apps have doubled over the past two years. These effects are particularly notable in patients with chronic disease, now representing half the adult population and responsible for 86% of United States health care (HC) costs and 70% of deaths. New opportunities exist as a result of recent advances in home-based wireless devices, apps, wearables, and interactive systems enabling health delivery systems to monitor, advise and treat dis...
Source: Progress in Cardiovascular Diseases - February 9, 2017 Category: Cardiology Authors: Richard V. Milani, Nina C. Franklin Source Type: research

Healthy Lifestyle Medicine in the Traditional Healthcare Environment —Primary Care and Cardiac Rehabilitation
There is unquestioned value of the need to incorporate Healthy Lifestyle Medicine (HLM) within the traditional models of healthcare. Primary care providers are well positioned to implement HLM as a routine aspect of their healthcare practice. Unfortunately, barriers for this to occur, including poor professional training in the components of HLM and limitations in the time they have available to spend with patients, result in inadequate delivery of HLM from primary care providers. Thus, new approaches for the delivery of HLM need to be developed that would allow primary care providers better, and more, opportunities to mak...
Source: Progress in Cardiovascular Diseases - February 1, 2017 Category: Cardiology Authors: Mark A. Williams, Leonard A. Kaminsky Source Type: research

Healthy Lifestyle Medicine in the Traditional Healthcare Environment – Primary Care and Cardiac Rehabilitation
There is unquestioned value of the need to incorporate Healthy Lifestyle Medicine (HLM) within the traditional models of healthcare. Primary care providers are well positioned to implement HLM as a rountine aspect of their healthcare practice. Unfortunately, barriers for this to occur, including poor professional training in the components of HLM and limitations in the time they have available to spend with patients, result in inadequate delivery of HLM from primary care providers. Thus, new approaches for the delivery of HLM need to be developed that would allow primary care providers better, and more, opportunities to ma...
Source: Progress in Cardiovascular Diseases - February 1, 2017 Category: Cardiology Authors: Mark A. Williams, Leonard A. Kaminsky Source Type: research