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Masthead
(Source: Progress in Cardiovascular Diseases)
Source: Progress in Cardiovascular Diseases - May 1, 2017 Category: Cardiology Source Type: research

Table of Contents
(Source: Progress in Cardiovascular Diseases)
Source: Progress in Cardiovascular Diseases - May 1, 2017 Category: Cardiology Source Type: research

List of Recent Issues
(Source: Progress in Cardiovascular Diseases)
Source: Progress in Cardiovascular Diseases - May 1, 2017 Category: Cardiology Source Type: research

Editorial Board
(Source: Progress in Cardiovascular Diseases)
Source: Progress in Cardiovascular Diseases - May 1, 2017 Category: Cardiology Source Type: research

Neuroprotection in the Treatment of Acute Ischemic Stroke
Neuroprotection remains one of the holy grails of acute ischemic stroke therapy. The ability to protect the ischemic brain from injury until reperfusion and then to protect the brain from reperfusion injury could theoretically improve freedom from disability among stroke survivors. This manuscript reviews the molecular and cellular pathophysiology of stroke and summarizes pharmacologic and other therapies that showed promise in pre-clinical testing as neuroprotection agents. However to date, no compelling efficacy data have been published regarding any pharmacologic or other therapies. (Source: Progress in Cardiovascular Diseases)
Source: Progress in Cardiovascular Diseases - April 29, 2017 Category: Cardiology Authors: Rajan A.G. Patel, Paul W. McMullen Source Type: research

Left Atrial Appendage Occlusion for Stroke Prevention
More than 2.3 millions adults in the United States have atrial fibrillation (AF), which exposes them to a 5- fold increased risk of stroke. The left atrial appendage (LAA) appears to be the source of thrombus formation in the vast majority of these patients. Anticoagulation significantly reduces the risk of stroke, but often we encounter patients who have absolute or relative contraindication to anticoagulation. Percutaneous LAA exclusion offers an alternative to anticoagulation to decrease the risk of stroke. (Source: Progress in Cardiovascular Diseases)
Source: Progress in Cardiovascular Diseases - April 27, 2017 Category: Cardiology Authors: Arijit Chanda, John P. Reilly Source Type: research

Initial Assessment and Triage of the Stroke Patient
Nearly 800,000 strokes occur in the United States each year, and stroke is the leading cause of preventable permanent disability. Timely recognition and treatment are imperative to reduce stroke-related morbidity and mortality. Given the evidence supporting intravenous thrombolysis and mechanical thrombectomy for ischemic stroke, stroke symptoms must be rapidly identified and mimics quickly excluded prior to therapeutic decisions. Intravenous tissue plasminogen activator is recommended for all qualified patients and patients with presentations suggesting large vessel occlusion should be evaluated for mechanical thrombectom...
Source: Progress in Cardiovascular Diseases - April 27, 2017 Category: Cardiology Authors: Richard M. Zweifler Source Type: research

Association of Telomere Length with Myocardial Infarction: A Prospective Cohort from the Population Based HUNT 2 study
As possible markers of biological age, telomere length (TL) has been associated with age-related diseases such as myocardial infarction (MI) with conflicting findings. We sought to assess the relationship between TL and risk of future MI in 915 healthy participants (51.7% women) 65 years or older from a population-based prospective cohort (the HUNT 2 study, Norway). Mean TL was measured by quantitative PCR expressed as relative T (telomere repeat copy number) to S (single copy gene number) ratio, and log-transformed. (Source: Progress in Cardiovascular Diseases)
Source: Progress in Cardiovascular Diseases - April 22, 2017 Category: Cardiology Authors: Ida Beate Øyen Østhus, Stian Lydersen, Håvard Dalen, Javaid Nauman, Ulrik Wisløff Source Type: research

Symptomatic Carotid Artery Disease: Revascularization
Patients with symptomatic carotid artery disease should be managed by a multidisciplinary team including neurologists, vascular surgeons and interventionalists. Duplex ultrasound is the most widely used diagnostic modality to assess carotid disease, followed by additional imaging tests (CT- or MR-angiography) to confirm the severity of the stenosis, detect brain lesions, and assess intracranial circulation as well as the supra-aortic anatomy. Although overall randomized trial results favored (CEA) over carotid artery stenting (CAS) in symptomatic patients, this was likely related to the insufficient expertise of the endova...
Source: Progress in Cardiovascular Diseases - April 22, 2017 Category: Cardiology Authors: Piero Montorsi, Stefano Galli, Paolo M Ravagnani, Marco Roffi Source Type: research

High Intensity Interval Training For Maximizing Health Outcomes
Regular physical activity or exercise training are important actions to improve cardiorespiratory fitness and maintain health throughout life. There is solid evidence that exercise is an effective preventative strategy against at least 25 medical conditions, including cardiovascular disease, stroke, hypertension, colon and breast cancer, and type 2 diabetes. Traditionally, endurance exercise training (ET) to improve health related outcomes has consisted of low- to moderate ET intensity. However, a growing body of evidence suggests that higher exercise intensities may be superior to moderate intensity for maximizing health ...
Source: Progress in Cardiovascular Diseases - April 3, 2017 Category: Cardiology Authors: Trine Karlsen, Inger-Lise Aamot, Mark Haykowsky, Øivind Rognmo Source Type: research

A Reference Equation for Normal Standards for VO2 max: Analysis from the Fitness Registry and the Importance of Exercise National Database (FRIEND Registry)
The objective of the current study was to apply the Fitness Registry and the Importance of Exercise: A National Data Base (FRIEND) Registry to improve upon previous regression formulas for normal standards for VO2 max using treadmill testing. Maximal treadmill tests were performed in 7783 healthy men and women (20 –79years; maximal RER>1.0) from the FRIEND registry and a separate validation cohort of 1287 subjects. (Source: Progress in Cardiovascular Diseases)
Source: Progress in Cardiovascular Diseases - April 1, 2017 Category: Cardiology Authors: Jonathan Myers, Leonard A. Kaminsky, Ricardo Lima, Jeffrey Chistle, Euan Ashley, Ross Arena Source Type: research

The Role of Embolic Protection in Carotid Stenting Progress in Cardiovascular Diseases (PCVD)
Embolic protection device (EPD) use has become ubiquitous and is currently mandated by the Centers for Medicare and Medicaid (CMS) for reimbursement in conjunction with carotid artery stenting (CAS). There are two classes of EPD devices: distal filter EPD (f-EPD) and proximal EPD (p-EPD). Measuring the incremental benefit of one strategy over the other remains problematic for several reasons. The first lies in the difficulty of defining an embolic event as transcranial Doppler and diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging abnormalities may not correlate with clinical events. (Source: Progress in Cardiovascular Diseases)
Source: Progress in Cardiovascular Diseases - March 31, 2017 Category: Cardiology Authors: Taisei Kobayashi, Jay Giri Source Type: research

Running as a Key Lifestyle Medicine for Longevity
Running is a popular and convenient leisure-time physical activity (PA) with a significant impact on longevity. In general, runners have a 25 –40% reduced risk of premature mortality and live approximately 3years longer than non-runners. Recently, specific questions have emerged regarding the extent of the health benefits of running versus other types of PA, and perhaps more critically, whether there are diminishing returns on health an d mortality outcomes with higher amounts of running. This review details the findings surrounding the impact of running on various health outcomes and premature mortality, highlights plau...
Source: Progress in Cardiovascular Diseases - March 29, 2017 Category: Cardiology Authors: Duck-chul Lee, Angelique G. Brellenthin, Paul D. Thompson, Xuemei Sui, I-Min Lee, Carl J. Lavie Source Type: research

Endovascular Therapy for Acute Stroke
Stroke is the most common cause of permanent disability, the second most common cause of dementia, and the fourth most common cause of death in the Western world. Recently, based on positive multicenter randomized clinical trials, endovascular therapy for acute stroke has undergone a revolution. Routine mechanical thrombectomy in addition to intravenous thrombolysis has been shown to provide excellent outcomes for patients with proximal anterior circulation occlusions. This procedure reduces disability and benefits are seen across a wide range of age and initial stroke severity. (Source: Progress in Cardiovascular Diseases)
Source: Progress in Cardiovascular Diseases - March 29, 2017 Category: Cardiology Authors: Maria Politi, Andreas Kastrup, Konstantinos Marmagkiolis, Iris Grunwald, Panagiotis Papanagiotou Source Type: research

Impact of cardiorespiratory fitness on all-cause and disease-specific mortality: Advances since 2009
Cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) has been one of the most widely examined physiological variables, particularly as it relates to functional capacity and human performance. Over the past three decades, CRF has emerged as a strong, independent predictor of all-cause and disease-specific mortality. The evidence supporting the prognostic use of CRF is so powerful that the American Heart Association recently advocated for the routine assessment of CRF as a clinical vital sign. Interestingly, the continuity of evidence of the inverse relationship between CRF and mortality over the past decade exists despite a wide variation of me...
Source: Progress in Cardiovascular Diseases - March 8, 2017 Category: Cardiology Authors: Matthew P. Harber, Leonard A. Kaminsky, Ross Arena, Steven N. Blair, Barry A. Franklin, Jonathan Myers, Robert Ross Source Type: research