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Conflict of interest disclosure as an expertise cue: Differential effects due to automatic versus deliberative processing
Publication date: July 2018 Source:Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes, Volume 147 Author(s): Sunita Sah, Prashant Malaviya, Debora Thompson Disclosure—informing advice recipients of the potential bias of an advisor—is a popular tool to manage conflicts of interest. However, conflict of interest disclosures usually compete with a host of other information that is important, relevant or interesting to the advisee. Across one field study and five experiments, we examine the effect of conflict of interest disclosures in a realistic and context-rich setting (online blogs) in which the disclosure is sh...
Source: Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes - June 12, 2018 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Source Type: research

The role of “Prominent Numbers” in open numerical judgment: Strained decision makers choose from a limited set of accessible numbers
Publication date: July 2018 Source:Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes, Volume 147 Author(s): Benjamin A. Converse, Patrick J. Dennis Numerate adults can represent an infinite array of integers. When a judgment requires them to “pick a number,” how do they select one to represent the abstract signal in mind? Drawing from research on the cognitive psychology of number representation, we conjecture that judges who operate primarily in decimal systems simplify by initially selecting from a set of chronically accessible “Prominent Numbers” defined as the powers of ten, their doubles, and their halv...
Source: Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes - June 7, 2018 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Source Type: research

Eliciting the truth, the whole truth, and nothing but the truth: The effect of question phrasing on deception
Publication date: July 2018 Source:Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes, Volume 147 Author(s): Julia A. Minson, Eric M. VanEpps, Jeremy A. Yip, Maurice E. Schweitzer In strategic information exchanges (such as negotiations and job interviews), different question formulations communicate information about the question asker, and systematically influence the veracity of responses. We demonstrate this function of questions by contrasting Negative Assumption questions that presuppose a problem, Positive Assumption questions that presuppose the absence of a problem, and General questions that do not refere...
Source: Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes - June 5, 2018 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Source Type: research

Choosing for others and its relation to information search
Publication date: July 2018 Source:Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes, Volume 147 Author(s): Yi Liu, Evan Polman, Yongfang Liu, Jiangli Jiao When people make choices, they both identify their options and research the unique details that comprise their options. Respectively, these two search behaviors are called alternative- and attribute-search. The literature treats these separate information search behaviors as a trade-off: Choosing to examine extant alternatives (alternative-search) means suffering the costs of not analyzing the details of alternatives (attribute-search), and vice versa. Here, we...
Source: Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes - May 26, 2018 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Source Type: research

Mindfulness Meditation Impairs Task Motivation but Not Performance
Publication date: July 2018 Source:Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes, Volume 147 Author(s): Andrew C. Hafenbrack, Kathleen D. Vohs A state of mindfulness is characterized by focused, nonjudgmental awareness of the present moment. The current research experimentally investigated how state mindfulness influences task motivation and performance, using multiple meditation inductions, comparison conditions, tasks, and participant samples. Mindfulness inductions, relative to comparison conditions, reduced motivation to tackle mundane tasks (Experiments 1–4) and pleasant tasks (Experiment 2). Decreased fu...
Source: Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes - May 24, 2018 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Source Type: research

No self to spare: How the cognitive structure of the self influences moral behavior
Publication date: July 2018 Source:Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes, Volume 147 Author(s): Maferima Touré-Tillery, Alysson E. Light People represent knowledge about their self-concept in terms of multiple cognitive structures or self-aspects. “Self-overlap” refers to the extent to which people perceive their various self-aspects as interconnected, such that their thoughts and feelings about themselves are similar across these self-aspects. The present research shows self-overlap influences moral behavior. Specifically, people high in self-overlap (interconnected self-aspects) are more likely to...
Source: Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes - May 20, 2018 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Source Type: research

A ratings pattern heuristic in judgments of expertise: When being right Looks wrong
Publication date: July 2018 Source:Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes, Volume 147 Author(s): Gerri Spassova, Mauricio Palmeira, Eduardo B. Andrade We propose a “ratings pattern heuristic” in judgments of expertise—that is, people’s tendency to undervalue critics who assign the same rating to multiple options, overlooking diagnostic information which would clearly justify the uniform ratings. The heuristic is driven by a strong association between discrimination and expertise and a focus on summary ratings. People “punish” uniform (vs. varied) raters even when (a) uniform ratings are ackno...
Source: Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes - May 16, 2018 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Source Type: research

From “me” to “we”: The role of construal level in promoting maximized joint outcomes
Publication date: July 2018 Source:Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes, Volume 147 Author(s): Paul E. Stillman, Kentaro Fujita, Oliver Sheldon, Yaacov Trope To minimize waste and inefficiencies, research has sought to understand under what circumstances decision-makers tasked with allocating outcomes to self and others maximize joint outcomes – making decisions that provide the greatest net gain across all vested stakeholders, irrespective of beneficiary. We explore construal level as a critical cognitive mechanism. We hypothesize that high-level construal – a representational process that expand...
Source: Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes - May 16, 2018 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Source Type: research

Leader consultation mitigates the harmful effects of leader narcissism: A belongingness perspective
Publication date: May 2018 Source:Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes, Volume 146 Author(s): Joel B. Carnevale, Lei Huang, Peter D. Harms Drawing from belongingness theory, the present study proposes and empirically tests the impact of leader narcissism on employees’ citizenship and antagonistic behaviors via their organization-based self-esteem (OBSE) depending on conditions of leader consultation behaviors. Survey data collected from 262 leader-employee dyads at a large Chinese information technology company largely supported our predictions. The results show that leader narcissism threatens emplo...
Source: Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes - April 25, 2018 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Source Type: research

Effects of group-discussion integrative complexity on intergroup relations in a social dilemma
Publication date: May 2018 Source:Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes, Volume 146 Author(s): Guihyun Park, Richard P. DeShon Organizations increasingly rely on team-based work systems—yet intergroup behavior is predisposed toward competition, which can render conflict management in organizations especially difficult. Based on the integrative complexity model of group decision-making and the literature on intergroup social dilemmas, we argue that a lack of quality group discussion (i.e., low integrative complexity) can heighten group members’ sense of greed toward and fear of other groups—and, by ...
Source: Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes - April 15, 2018 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Source Type: research

A formal model of goal revision in approach and avoidance contexts
Publication date: May 2018 Source:Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes, Volume 146 Author(s): Phillip Gee, Andrew Neal, Jeffrey B. Vancouver We developed a formal model of goal revision based on contemporary accounts of decision making under risk and uncertainty. The model assumes that individuals anchor their goal level to their dynamically updated expectations of performance and make adjustments around the anchor point depending on their risk preference. Risk preference was hypothesized to be a function of goal framing and personality. To assess the model, 60 participants were asked to set and revise...
Source: Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes - April 10, 2018 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Source Type: research

Paternalistic lies
Publication date: May 2018 Source:Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes, Volume 146 Author(s): Matthew J. Lupoli, Emma E. Levine, Adam E. Greenberg Many lies that are intended to help others require the deceiver to make assumptions about whether lying serves others’ best interests. In other words, lying often involves a paternalistic motive. Across seven studies (N = 2,260), we show that although targets appreciate lies that yield unequivocal benefits relative to honesty, they penalize paternalistic lies. We identify three mechanisms behind the harmful effects of paternalistic lies, finding that t...
Source: Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes - March 8, 2018 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Source Type: research

How perceived power influences the consequences of dominance expressions in negotiations
We examined how the perceived relative power of negotiators who express dominance influences value claiming and value creation in negotiations. Negotiators with relatively little power benefitted by expressing dominance, as expressing dominance increased relatively low-power negotiators’ abilities to claim value. In contrast, relatively powerful negotiators’ expressions of dominance fueled value creation. Dyads in which only the relatively powerful negotiator expressed dominance created more value than did dyads in which neither, both, or only the relatively powerless negotiator expressed dominance. The coordination be...
Source: Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes - March 3, 2018 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Source Type: research

The shortest path to oneself leads around the world: Living abroad increases self-concept clarity
Publication date: March 2018 Source:Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes, Volume 145 Author(s): Hajo Adam, Otilia Obodaru, Jackson G. Lu, William W. Maddux, Adam D. Galinsky The current research explores the relationship between living abroad and self-concept clarity. We conducted six studies (N = 1,874) using different populations (online panels and MBA students), mixed methods (correlational and experimental), and complementary measures of self-concept clarity (self-report and self-other congruence through 360-degree ratings). Our results indicate that living abroad leads to a clearer sense of ...
Source: Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes - February 21, 2018 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Source Type: research

How temporal and social comparisons in performance evaluation affect fairness perceptions
Publication date: March 2018 Source:Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes, Volume 145 Author(s): Jinseok S. Chun, Joel Brockner, David De Cremer In the context of performance evaluations, temporal comparisons inform people how well they are doing relative to how they have performed in the past. Social comparisons inform people how well they are doing relative to others. The present research examined the effects of temporal and social comparisons on the fairness perceptions of those who receive the evaluations. In four studies using different methodologies, temporal evaluations were perceived as adhering...
Source: Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes - February 16, 2018 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Source Type: research