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“I want to serve but the public does not understand:” Prosocial motivation, image discrepancies, and proactivity in public safety
Publication date: September 2019Source: Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes, Volume 154Author(s): Shefali V. Patil, R. David LebelAbstractScholars typically find that prosocial motivation is positively related to employee proactivity. However, we argue that in highly visible contexts such as public safety, this relationship is contingent on how employees think the public sees their jobs. Specifically, drawing on image discrepancy theories, we hypothesize that the relationship between prosocial motivation and proactive behavior is weakened when employees believe that the public fails to understand the diffi...
Source: Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes - August 14, 2019 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Source Type: research

May the best man lose: Guilt inhibits competitive motivation
Publication date: September 2019Source: Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes, Volume 154Author(s): Uriel HaranAbstractBoth guilt and competition motivate goal achievement. Guilt increases task motivation, but also enhances prosocial goals. Competition motivates individual success, but its zero-sum nature makes personal and prosocial goals mutually exclusive. This work explores the relationship between guilt, competition and goal-achievement motivation. In five experiments, guilt was associated with higher motivation to achieve individual goals, but its effect on motivation in competitive settings was negati...
Source: Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes - July 26, 2019 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Source Type: research

Editorial Board
Publication date: July 2019Source: Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes, Volume 153Author(s): (Source: Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes)
Source: Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes - July 24, 2019 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Source Type: research

The self-presentational consequences of upholding one’s stance in spite of the evidence
Publication date: September 2019Source: Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes, Volume 154Author(s): Leslie K. John, Martha Jeong, Francesca Gino, Laura HuangAbstractFive studies explore the self-presentational consequences of refusing to “back down” – that is, upholding a stance despite evidence of its inaccuracy. Using data from an entrepreneurial pitch competition, Study 1 shows that entrepreneurs tend not to back down even though investors are more impressed by entrepreneurs who do. Next, in two sets of experiments, we unpack the psychology underlying why actors refuse to publicly back down and inve...
Source: Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes - July 23, 2019 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Source Type: research

Easy, breezy, risky: Lay investors fail to diversify because correlated assets feel more fluent and less risky
Publication date: July 2019Source: Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes, Volume 153Author(s): Yann Cornil, David J. Hardisty, Yakov BartAbstractWhy do people fail to diversify risk in their investment portfolios? We study how lay investors (people with low financial literacy) invest in financial assets whose past or expected returns are provided. Although investing in assets with negatively correlated returns reduces portfolio risk (i.e., reduces portfolio fluctuations), we find that lay investors instead prefer investing in assets with positively correlated returns, which results in less diversified and ri...
Source: Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes - July 7, 2019 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Source Type: research

Military veterans are morally typecast as agentic but unfeeling: Implications for veteran employment
Publication date: July 2019Source: Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes, Volume 153Author(s): Steven Shepherd, Aaron C. Kay, Kurt GrayAbstractWhat kind of “mind” do people assume those in the military have? This question has important implications for military veterans and provides an opportunity to test moral typecasting as a critical element of the theory of dyadic morality (TDM: Gray & Wegner, 2009; 2011; Schein & Gray, 2017). Based on this theory, moral agents – even those we admire, such as veterans – will be seen as more agentic (ability to plan and act) but have less capacity for experience (...
Source: Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes - June 29, 2019 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Source Type: research

Gossip as a resource: How and why power relationships shape gossip behavior
Publication date: July 2019Source: Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes, Volume 153Author(s): Elena Martinescu, Onne Janssen, Bernard A. NijstadAbstractGossip entails spreading evaluative information about people who are not present. From a social exchange perspective, we examined how hierarchical power relationships shape individuals’ gossip motives and behavior. Results of a laboratory experiment (Study 1) partially supported our prediction that gossip is less likely and elaborate in downward compared to upward and lateral interactions. We further predicted that people gossip laterally to seek informati...
Source: Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes - June 29, 2019 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Source Type: research

Beyond preference reversal: Distinguishing justifiability from evaluability in joint versus single evaluations
Publication date: July 2019Source: Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes, Volume 153Author(s): Xilin Li, Christopher K. HseeAbstractExtensive existing research has studied how decisions differ between joint evaluation (JE) and single evaluation (SE), but most of the research aims to demonstrate preference reversals between two alternatives that vary on two attributes simultaneously. Thus, extant research cannot tell whether the reversal occurs because one of the attributes has a greater effect in JE than in SE, or the other attribute has a greater effect in SE than in JE, or both. Going beyond preference rev...
Source: Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes - June 28, 2019 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Source Type: research

The gravitational pull of expressing passion: When and how expressing passion elicits status conferral and support from others
Publication date: July 2019Source: Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes, Volume 153Author(s): Jon M. Jachimowicz, Christopher To, Shira Agasi, Stéphane Côté, Adam D. GalinskyAbstractPrior research attributes the positive effects of passion on professional success to intrapersonal characteristics. We propose that interpersonal processes are also critical because observers confer status on and support those who express passion. These interpersonal benefits of expressing passion are, however, contingent on several factors related to the expresser, perceiver, and context. Six studies, including entrepreneuri...
Source: Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes - June 22, 2019 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Source Type: research

Editorial Board
Publication date: May 2019Source: Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes, Volume 152Author(s): (Source: Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes)
Source: Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes - June 18, 2019 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Source Type: research

The role of moral decoupling in the causes and consequences of unethical pro-organizational behavior
Publication date: July 2019Source: Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes, Volume 153Author(s): Ryan Fehr, David Welsh, Kai Chi Yam, Michael Baer, Wu Wei, Manuel VaulontAbstractIn this paper we explore the antecedents and consequences of employees’ unethical pro-organizational behavior (UPB) through the lens of moral decoupling—a moral reasoning process whereby individuals separate their perceptions of morality from their perceptions of performance. First, we argue that employees increase their engagement in UPBs when they (1) see their supervisors doing the same and (2) believe that their supervisors end...
Source: Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes - June 16, 2019 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Source Type: research

The role of paradox theory in decision making and management research
Publication date: Available online 12 June 2019Source: Organizational Behavior and Human Decision ProcessesAuthor(s): David A. Waldman, Linda L. Putnam, Ella Miron-Spektor, Donald SiegelAbstractIn this overview article, we contend that most theorizing and research on paradoxes has occurred at the organizational level. However, individuals and their social interactions often serve as the micro-foundations for higher level organizational paradoxes. Thus, it is becoming increasingly clear that a more complete consideration of paradoxes and their effect on management and organizations needs to take into account the individual ...
Source: Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes - June 13, 2019 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Source Type: research

The demotivating effect (and unintended message) of awards
We report a randomized field experiment (N = 15,329) that tests the impact of two common types of symbolic awards: pre-announced awards (prospective) and surprise awards (retrospective). The context is U.S. schools, where we explore how awards motivate student attendance. Contrary to our pre-registered hypotheses and organizational leaders’ expectations, the prospective awards did not on average improve behavior, and the retrospective awards decreased subsequent attendance. Moreover, we find a significant negative effect on attendance after prospective incentives were removed, which points to a crowding-out effect. S...
Source: Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes - May 31, 2019 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Source Type: research

When weak sanctioning systems work: Evidence from auto insurance industry fraud investigations
We describe this sanctioning system and perceptions of this system by integrating unique datasets: insurance company records, interviews with insurance fraud investigators, state law enforcement data (CA, NY), and surveys of automotive insurance customers. We identify organizational constraints, such as public relations concerns, that limit the effectiveness of the formal sanctioning system (fewer than 1% of claims that are flagged as suspicious are ever prosecuted for fraud). We also identify psychological factors that deter consumers from committing fraud; consumers over-estimate the probability of detection, over-estima...
Source: Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes - May 31, 2019 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Source Type: research

Relevance insensitivity: A new look at some old biases
Publication date: July 2019Source: Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes, Volume 153Author(s): Christopher K. Hsee, Yang Yang, Xilin LiAbstractPeople show systematic biases in judgment and decision making. We propose that many seemingly disparate biases reflect a common underlying mechanism—insensitivity to the relevance of some given information—and that manipulating the relevance of the information can eliminate or even reverse the original bias. We test our theory in four experiments, each focusing on a classic bias—the sunk cost fallacy, non-regressive prediction, anchoring bias, and base rate negl...
Source: Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes - May 31, 2019 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Source Type: research