2016 Japanese Neuropathology Prizes
(Source: Neuropathology)
Source: Neuropathology - November 30, 2016 Category: Neurology Tags: Neuropathology Prizes Source Type: research
Issue Information
No abstract is available for this article. (Source: Neuropathology)
Source: Neuropathology - November 30, 2016 Category: Neurology Tags: Issue Information Source Type: research
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(Source: Neuropathology)
Source: Neuropathology - November 30, 2016 Category: Neurology Tags: Cover Image Source Type: research
Primary effusion lymphoma involving cerebrospinal fluid, deep cervical lymph nodes and adenoids. Report of a case supporting the lymphatic connection between brain and lymph nodes
We describe an unusual presentation of primary effusion lymphoma in CSF of a 45‐year‐old HIV‐positive man, with no evidence of involvement of pleural, peritoneal or pericardial cavities. Cytologic examination and flow cytometric analysis suggested the diagnosis, eventually made in an excised deep cervical lymph node, in which the neoplastic cells involved selectively the sinuses. This case represents the fifth reported example of CSF involvement by this type of lymphoma, and supports the alleged connection between CSF and cervical lymph nodes via lymphatic vessels. Interestingly, review of an adenoidectomy specimen o...
Source: Neuropathology - November 9, 2016 Category: Neurology Authors: Carlos Santonja, Camino Medina ‐Puente, Cristina Serrano del Castillo, Alfonso Cabello Úbeda, Socorro María Rodríguez‐Pinilla Tags: Case Report Source Type: research
Issue Information
No abstract is available for this article. (Source: Neuropathology)
Source: Neuropathology - October 2, 2016 Category: Neurology Tags: ISSUE INFORMATION Source Type: research
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(Source: Neuropathology)
Source: Neuropathology - October 2, 2016 Category: Neurology Tags: COVER IMAGE Source Type: research
Microglia and brain macrophages: An update
Current immunohistochemical techniques have made the identification of microglia possible in routinely processed tissue sections from human brains. Previous studies have indicated that almost no neurological diseases exist without microglial activation. Activated microglia often secrete inflammatory cytokines in various diseases, including Alzheimer's disease, but microglial activation is not always associated with inflammation. The equation microglial activation means “neuroinflammation” is absurd and misleading. Neuropathologists are in the best position to provide clarity to end the existing confusion. The functions...
Source: Neuropathology - September 30, 2016 Category: Neurology Authors: Atsushi Sasaki Tags: Symposium: Glial pathology Source Type: research
An order in Lewy body disorders: Retrograde degeneration in hyperbranching axons as a fundamental structural template accounting for focal/multifocal Lewy body disease
Initial clinical recognition of “paralysis agitans” by James Parkinson was expanded by Jean‐Martin Charcot, who recognized additional clinical findings of his own, such as slowness (distinct from paralysis), rigidity (distinct from spasticity) and characteristic countenance. Charcot assembled these findings under the umbrella of “Parkinson disease (PD)”. This purely clinical concept was so prescient and penetrating that subsequent neuropathological and biochemical evidences were ordered along this axis to establish the nigra‐central trinity of PD (dopamine depletion, nigral lesion with Lewy bodies: LBs). Althou...
Source: Neuropathology - September 30, 2016 Category: Neurology Authors: Toshiki Uchihara ( 内原 俊記) Tags: Occasional Review Source Type: research
Multiple calcifying pseudoneoplasms of the neuraxis (MCAPNON): Distinct entity, CAPNON variant, or old neurocysticercosis?
We report a case of multiple calcifying pseudoneoplasms of the neuraxis (MCAPNON) with associated multifocal perivascular microcalcifications and vascular calcinosis. Calcifying pseudoneoplasm of the neuraxis (CAPNON) is a very rare condition that may arise in extra‐axial and occasionally, in intra‐axial locations. Moreover, it is nearly always a solitary mass with only one case with two lesions reported. While the etiology and pathogenesis of CAPNON remains unclear, the histopathology findings of this entity have been well described. We report a case of a 62‐year‐old woman with 18 calcifying radiologic lesions inv...
Source: Neuropathology - September 30, 2016 Category: Neurology Authors: Maram Abdaljaleel, Rajarshi Mazumder, Chirag B. Patel, Kyuseok Im, Whitney Pope, Linda M. Liau, Harry V. Vinters, William H. Yong Tags: Case Report Source Type: research
An autopsied case of MV2K + C‐type sporadic Creutzfeldt‐Jakob disease presenting with widespread cerebral cortical involvement and Kuru plaques
MV2‐type sporadic Creutzfeldt‐Jakob disease (sCJD), which was previously called “Kuru‐plaque variant”, was gradually revealed to have a wide spectrum and has been classified into three pathological subtypes: MV2K, MV2C and MV2K + C. We herein describe the detailed clinical findings and neuropathologic observations from an autopsied MV2K + C‐type Japanese sCJD case with widespread cerebral cortical pathology and Kuru plaques. In the early stages of the disease, the patient exhibited gait disturbance with ataxia and dysarthria as well as gradual appearance of cognitive dysfunction. Diffusion‐weighted images...
Source: Neuropathology - September 30, 2016 Category: Neurology Authors: Yasushi Iwasaki ( 岩崎 靖), Yufuko Saito, Ikuko Aiba, Atsushi Kobayashi, Maya Mimuro, Tetsuyuki Kitamoto, Mari Yoshida Tags: Case Report Source Type: research
A man in his 40s with altered mental status, ataxia and unilateral weakness
(Source: Neuropathology)
Source: Neuropathology - September 30, 2016 Category: Neurology Authors: Konark Malhotra, Monica Khunger, Cunfeng Pu, Thomas F. Scott Tags: Neuropathology Education Source Type: research
A comprehensive analysis identifies BRAF hotspot mutations associated with gliomas with peculiar epithelial morphology
Brain tumors harbor various BRAF alterations, the vast majority of which are the BRAF kinase‐activating V600E mutation. BRAF mutations are most frequently detected in certain subtypes of low‐grade glioma, such as pilocytic astrocytoma (PA), pleomorphic xanthoastrocytoma (PXA), ganglioglioma (GG) and dysembryoplastic neuroepithelial tumor (DNT). However, it is unclear whether gliomas harboring BRAF mutations can be invariably regarded as these glioma subtypes or their derivatives. To address this question, we analyzed 274 gliomas in our institutional case series. We performed high‐resolution melting analyses and subse...
Source: Neuropathology - September 30, 2016 Category: Neurology Authors: Ryusuke Hatae, Nobuhiro Hata, Satoshi O. Suzuki, Koji Yoshimoto, Daisuke Kuga, Hideki Murata, Yojiro Akagi, Yuhei Sangatsuda, Toru Iwaki, Masahiro Mizoguchi, Koji Iihara Tags: Original Article Source Type: research
A rare case of a pineoblastoma with a rhabdomyoblastic component
We report a case of a 5‐year‐old boy with PB with a rhabdomyoblastic component. He presented at a local clinic with vomiting and was transferred to our hospital following discovery of a pineal mass. An endoscopic biopsy was performed and was diagnosed as a PB with a rhabdomyoblastic component. Histopathology of PAT is characterized by both neuroectodermal and ectomesenchymal differentiation, and only a few confirmed cases have been reported. Although the histopathological features of the reported case resembled that of PAT, the ectomesenchymal component in the presented case was only a rhabdomyoblastic one. Therefore, ...
Source: Neuropathology - September 30, 2016 Category: Neurology Authors: Taku Homma, Akihiro Hemmi, Takashi Ohta, Yoshiaki Kusumi, Atsuo Yoshino, Hiroyuki Hao Tags: Case Report Source Type: research
Protective effects of connexins in atheromatous plaques in patients of carotid artery stenosis
In conclusion, Cx43 might contribute to the stabilization of atheromatous plaque which is affected by oxidative stress. (Source: Neuropathology)
Source: Neuropathology - September 30, 2016 Category: Neurology Authors: Taizen Nakase, Tatsuya Ishikawa, Hajime Miyata Tags: Original Article Source Type: research
Melanosomal melanin pigment in pleomorphic xanthoastrocytoma, evidence for neuronal ‐glial origin: A case report with review of the literature
We describe a unique case of pleomorphic xanthoastrocytoma (PXA) in a 19‐year‐old male presenting with the chief complaint of seizures. On radiology, the tumor was located in the temporal lobe. It was cortically based and solid cystic in nature. Light microscopy showed pleomorphic large polygonal cells with inclusions, nuclear clustering, lipidization, and foamy cytoplasm intermingled with spindle cells arranged in sweeping pattern and focally containing cytoplasmic brownish black pigment. The pigment stained black with Fontana‑Masson stain and bleached with potassium permanganate. Gomori silver stain showed reticuli...
Source: Neuropathology - July 31, 2016 Category: Neurology Authors: Rakesh K. Gupta, Ravindra K. Saran, Mehar C. Sharma, Arvind K. Srivastava, Lalit Garg Tags: Case Report Source Type: research
