Novel intracytoplasmic inclusions immunoreactive for phosphorylated ‐TDP43 and cystatin C in anterior horn cells in a case of sporadic amyotrophic lateral sclerosis
Novel intracytoplasmic inclusions immunoreactive for phosphorylated transactivation response DNA‐binding protein 43 (p‐TDP43), cystatin C, and transferrin were found in anterior horn cells in a case of sporadic amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). The patient was a 59‐year‐old woman, who died of ALS after a clinical course of 8 years. She had been receiving mechanical support for respiration for 6 years and in a “totally locked‐in” state for 4 years prior to death. The spinal cord showed severe degeneration involving the anterior and lateral funiculi, whereas the posterior funiculus was preserved. Neurons ...
Source: Neuropathology - June 1, 2017 Category: Neurology Authors: Masayuki Shintaku, Daita Kaneda, Kiyomitsu Oyanagi Tags: Case Report Source Type: research
Spindle cell oncocytoma of adenohypophysis: Review of literature and report of another recurrent case
Spindle cell oncocytoma (SCO) of adenohypophysis was first described in 2002 by Roncaroli et al. as a new entity in the tumors originating from adenohypophysis. It was subsequently recognized as a distinct entity in the 2007 WHO classification of CNS tumors and retained in the current updated classification. In contrast to that suggested by the original authors, this tumor does have a potential for recurrence as first described by Kloub et al. and later with many such case reports. This tumor can be confused with other sellar tumors like pituicytomas and pituitary adenoma, both radiologically and histopathologically. Howev...
Source: Neuropathology - June 1, 2017 Category: Neurology Authors: Akash Sali, Sridhar Epari, Chandralekha Tampi, Atul Goel Tags: Case Report Source Type: research
Issue Information
No abstract is available for this article. (Source: Neuropathology)
Source: Neuropathology - June 1, 2017 Category: Neurology Tags: Issue Information Source Type: research
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(Source: Neuropathology)
Source: Neuropathology - June 1, 2017 Category: Neurology Tags: Cover Image Source Type: research
Pathology of oligodendroglia: An overview
Oligodendroglia are cells responsible for creating myelin sheaths for axons in the CNS. However, pathologies of oligodendroglia other than demyelination are not well understood due to the lack of adequate methods of characterizing pathological conditions affecting oligodendroglia in human tissue. This review discusses three major topics with the aim of clarifying some of the controversies in the study of oligodendroglia. The oligodendroglioma, a relatively indolent form of diffuse gliomas thought to originate in oligodendrocytes, has never demonstrated myelin formation on electron microscopy nor shown a constant expression...
Source: Neuropathology - May 26, 2017 Category: Neurology Authors: Takashi Komori Tags: Symposium: Glial pathology Source Type: research
Human Zika and West Nile virus neurological infections: What is the difference?
The recent epidemic of West Nile Virus (WNV) infection in the United States was associated with severe neurological disease in immunocompromised hosts, while the emergence of Zika virus infection in the Americas has been notable for an association with increased microcephaly in the fetuses of infected mothers. Rare autopsies of WNV infected humans have shown multiple organ involvement with a clear neurotropism. We have recently had the opportunity to examine the distribution of Zika virus in autopsies of newborns from infected pregnancies. While both viruses infect multiple organs, Zika appears to cause neurological diseas...
Source: Neuropathology - May 11, 2017 Category: Neurology Authors: Clayton A. Wiley, Leila Chimelli Tags: Occasional Review Source Type: research
IL ‐10 expression in pyramidal neurons after neuropathogenic coronaviral infection
The apoptosis of pyramidal neurons in CA2 and CA3 subregions of the hippocampus is induced after infection with Mu‐3 virus (Mu‐3), a neuropathogenic strain of the JHM virus (JHMV), at 4–5 days post‐inoculation (dpi). The viral antigens in the hippocampus are mainly found in the CD11b‐positive cells distributed in the stratum oriens located outside the pyramidal layer, and only a few pyramidal neurons are infected. Furthermore, the apoptotic cells, indicated as showing caspase 3 (Cas3) activation, consist of a high number of uninfected cells. Therefore, it is considered that the apoptotic lesions occur through th...
Source: Neuropathology - May 11, 2017 Category: Neurology Authors: Masatoshi Kakizaki, Rihito Watanabe Tags: Original Article Source Type: research
Calcifying pseudoneoplasm of the neuraxis in direct continuity with a low ‐grade glioma: A case report and review of the literature
Calcifying pseudoneoplasms of the neuraxis (CAPNON) are presumed to be a non‐neoplastic reactive pathology, based on the frequent finding of granulomatous inflammation. To our knowledge, there are few reports of CAPNON in association with a neoplasm. Here, we report the case of a 62‐year‐old man presenting with headache, which was caused by CAPNON in the left cingulate gyrus. CT scan revealed a calcified mass exhibiting gradual growth and increasing peritumoral edema. MRI showed an intra‐axial hypointense mass on T1‐ and T2‐weighted images. Development of a peri‐lesional hyperintense lesion on T2‐weighted i...
Source: Neuropathology - April 7, 2017 Category: Neurology Authors: Nayuta Higa, Hideaki Yokoo, Hirofumi Hirano, Hajime Yonezawa, Tatsuki Oyoshi, Yuko Goto, Kazunori Arita Tags: Case Report Source Type: research
Neurosurgical management and pathology of lumbosacral lipomas with tethered cord
Lumbosacral lipomas are the most common form of occult spinal dysraphism. The development of lumbosacral lipomas is from the premature disjunction of the neural tube from the surrounding ectoderm, leaving the neural plate open posteriorly and allowing for the infiltration of mesodermal tissue, including fatty tissue. Since lumbosacral lipomas are a common cause of spinal cord tethering that can lead to progressive neurological deficits, prophylactic neurosurgery for lumbosacral lipomas, including untethering of the spinal cord, is recommended. We briefly review the embryology, classification, clinical presentation, imaging...
Source: Neuropathology - April 7, 2017 Category: Neurology Authors: Takato Morioka, Nobuya Murakami, Takafumi Shimogawa, Nobutaka Mukae, Kimiakai Hashiguchi, Satoshi O. Suzuki, Koji Iihara Tags: Occasional Review Source Type: research
Severe demyelination in a patient with a late infantile form of Niemann ‐Pick disease type C
Niemann‐Pick disease type C (NPC) is a cholesterol storage disease caused by defective cellular cholesterol transportation. The onset and progression of NPC are variable, and autopsy findings have mainly been reported for the adult and juvenile forms of this disease. Here we report the clinical and pathological findings from a 9‐year‐old female patient with the late infantile form of NPC due to NPC1 gene mutation. She had notable splenomegaly at 4 months of age. She lost the ability to speak at 18 months of age. She learned to walk, but often fell and could no longer walk after 30 months. At 3 years of age, she was...
Source: Neuropathology - April 7, 2017 Category: Neurology Authors: Tsuyoshi Kodachi, Shizuko Matsumoto, Masashi Mizuguchi, Hitoshi Osaka, Nobuyuki Kanai, Eiji Nanba, Kousaku Ohno, Takanori Yamagata Tags: Case Report Source Type: research
Issue Information
No abstract is available for this article. (Source: Neuropathology)
Source: Neuropathology - April 3, 2017 Category: Neurology Tags: Issue Information Source Type: research
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(Source: Neuropathology)
Source: Neuropathology - April 3, 2017 Category: Neurology Tags: Cover Image Source Type: research
Primary histiocytic sarcoma presenting as diffuse leptomeningeal disease: Case description and review of the literature
Histiocytic sarcoma is a rare malignant neoplasm arising most commonly in lymph nodes, intestinal tract, skin and soft tissue. The incidence of primary CNS histiocytic sarcoma is even rarer with a total of just 27 cases reported in the literature so far. Herein we describe the first autopsy case of histiocytic sarcoma presenting as a diffuse leptomeningeal disease in absence of a CNS tumor‐forming parenchymal lesion. The clinical, pathological and immunophenotypic features are described and an updated literature review on primary CNS histiocytic sarcoma is included. (Source: Neuropathology)
Source: Neuropathology - April 1, 2017 Category: Neurology Authors: Magda Zanelli, Moira Ragazzi, Giovanni Marchetti, Alessandra Bisagni, Massimo Principi, Daniela Fanni, Elisabetta Froio, Silvia Serra, Eleonora Zanetti, Loredana De Marco, Felice Giangaspero, Stefano Ascani Tags: Case Report Source Type: research
T ‐cells and macrophages peak weeks after experimental stroke: Spatial and temporal characteristics
The activities of the central and peripheral immune systems impact neurological outcome after ischemic stroke. However, studies investigating the temporal profile of leukocyte infiltration, especially T‐cell recruitment, are sparse. Our aim was to investigate leukocyte infiltration at different time points after experimental stroke in mice. Permanent middle cerebral artery occlusion was performed on 11 weeks old C57BL/6J mice, allowed to survive for 1, 3, 8, 14 or 28 days. In addition to infarct size measurements, detailed immunohistochemical analyses of T‐cell and macrophage influx were performed. A recently introdu...
Source: Neuropathology - April 1, 2017 Category: Neurology Authors: Nina Vindegaard, Clara Mu ñoz‐Briones, Henrik H. El Ali, Lotte Kellemann Kristensen, Rune Skovgaard Rasmussen, Flemming Fryd Johansen, Henrik Hasseldam Tags: Original Article Source Type: research
Discrimination of a nerve fiber that is the origin of a cauda equina tumor using acetylcholinesterase staining
In this study, we aimed to ascertain whether a cauda equina nerve root removed with a nerve sheath tumor was a motor nerve using acetylcholinesterase (AchE) staining. Nerve rootlet sections removed with tumors were stained for AchE using the AchE Rapid Staining Kit. Additionally, we performed intraoperative motor‐evoked potential (MEP) monitoring following either transcranial electrical stimulation (TES) or electrical stimulation of nerve rootlets. The muscular strength of the lower extremities was assessed bilaterally before and after surgery using manual muscle testing. An AchE‐positive motor nerve rootlet that was t...
Source: Neuropathology - April 1, 2017 Category: Neurology Authors: Naosuke Kamei, Nobuhiro Tanaka, Koji Arihiro, Kazuyoshi Nakanishi, Shinji Kotaka, Nobuo Adachi, Mitsuo Ochi Tags: Original Article Source Type: research
