Editorial Board
(Source: Molecular Oncology)
Source: Molecular Oncology - January 31, 2016 Category: Cancer & Oncology Source Type: research
Selective inhibition of tumor cell associated Vacuolar-ATPase ‘a2’ isoform overcomes cisplatin resistance in ovarian cancer cells
Development of resistance to platinum compounds significantly hinders successful ovarian cancer (OVCA) treatment. In tumor cells, dysregulated pH gradient across cell membranes is a key physiological mechanism of metastasis/chemo-resistance. These pH alterations are mediated by aberrant activation of key multi-subunit proton pumps, Vacuolar-ATPases (V-ATPases). In tumor cells, its ‘a2’ isoform (V-ATPase-V0a2) is a component of functional plasma–membrane complex and promotes tumor invasion through tumor-acidification and immuno-modulation. (Source: Molecular Oncology)
Source: Molecular Oncology - January 28, 2016 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Arpita Kulshrestha, Gajendra K. Katara, Jordyn Ginter, Sahithi Pamarthy, Safaa A. Ibrahim, Mukesh K. Jaiswal, Corina Sandulescu, Ramayee Periakaruppan, James Dolan, Alice Gilman-Sachs, Kenneth D. Beaman Source Type: research
Selective inhibition of tumor cell associated Vacuolar-ATPase 'a2' isoform overcomes cisplatin resistance in ovarian cancer cells
Development of resistance to platinum compounds significantly hinders successful ovarian cancer(OVCA) treatment. In tumor cells, dysregulated pH gradient across cell membranes is a key physiological mechanism of metastasis/chemo-resistance. These pH alterations are mediated by aberrant activation of key multi-subunit proton pumps, Vacuolar-ATPases(V-ATPases). In tumor cells, its `a2` isoform(V-ATPase-V0a2) is a component of functional plasma-membrane complex and promotes tumor invasion through tumor-acidification and immuno-modulation. (Source: Molecular Oncology)
Source: Molecular Oncology - January 28, 2016 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Arpita Kulshrestha, Gajendra K. Katara, Jordyn Ginter, Sahithi Pamarthy, Safaa A. Ibrahim, Mukesh K. Jaiswal, Corina Sandulescu, Ramayee Periakaruppan, James Dolan, Alice Gilman-Sachs, Kenneth D. Beaman Source Type: research
Circulating Tumor Cell Technologies
Circulating tumor cells, a component of the “liquid biopsy”, hold great potential to transform the current landscape of cancer therapy. A key challenge to unlocking the clinical utility of CTCs lies in the ability to detect and isolate these rare cells using methods amenable to downstream characterization and other applications. In this review, we will provide an overview of current technologies used to detect and capture CTCs with brief insights into the workings of individual technologies. We focus on the strategies employed by different platforms and discuss the advantages of each. (Source: Molecular Oncology)
Source: Molecular Oncology - January 28, 2016 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Meghaan M. Ferreira, Vishnu C. Ramani, Stefanie S. Jeffrey Source Type: research
Selective inhibition of tumor cell associated Vacuolar-ATPase ‘a2’ isoform overcomes cisplatin resistance in ovarian cancer cells
Development of resistance to platinum compounds significantly hinders successful ovarian cancer (OVCA) treatment. In tumor cells, dysregulated pH gradient across cell membranes is a key physiological mechanism of metastasis/chemo-resistance. These pH alterations are mediated by aberrant activation of key multi-subunit proton pumps, Vacuolar-ATPases (V-ATPases). In tumor cells, its ‘a2’ isoform (V-ATPase-V0a2) is a component of functional plasma–membrane complex and promotes tumor invasion through tumor-acidification and immuno-modulation. (Source: Molecular Oncology)
Source: Molecular Oncology - January 27, 2016 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Arpita Kulshrestha, Gajendra K. Katara, Jordyn Ginter, Sahithi Pamarthy, Safaa A. Ibrahim, Mukesh K. Jaiswal, Corina Sandulescu, Ramayee Periakaruppan, James Dolan, Alice Gilman-Sachs, Kenneth D. Beaman Source Type: research
Clinical applications of circulating tumor DNA and circulating tumor cells in pancreatic cancer
Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is the most frequent pancreatic cancer type and is characterized by a dismal prognosis due to late diagnosis, local tumor invasion, frequent distant metastases and poor sensitivity to current therapy. In this context, circulating tumor cells and circulating tumor DNA constitute easily accessible blood-borne tumor biomarkers that may prove their clinical interest for screening, early diagnosis and metastatic risk assessment of PDAC. Moreover these markers represent a tool to assess PDAC mutational landscape. (Source: Molecular Oncology)
Source: Molecular Oncology - January 22, 2016 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Francesca Riva, Oleksii I. Dronov, Dmytro I. Khomenko, Florence Huguet, Christophe Louvet, Pascale Mariani, Marc-Henri Stern, Olivier Lantz, Charlotte Proudhon, Jean-Yves Pierga, Francois-Clement Bidard Tags: Review Source Type: research
Circulating free xeno-microRNAs – the new kids on the block
The role of circulating free microRNAs (cfmiRNAs) as promising tools for cancer screening, prognosis and monitoring of anticancer therapies has been widely studied in the past decades. cfmiRNAs have all the characteristics of the perfect biomarkers owing high stability under storage and handling conditions and being detectable not only in plasma, but in almost all body fluids. Moreover, their levels in plasma are likely to resemble ones in the primary tumor. Recently, viral and plant miRNAs have been found in plasma of healthy individuals through deep sequencing technique, and subsequently the same ones were deregulated in...
Source: Molecular Oncology - January 21, 2016 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Linda Fabris, George Adrian Calin Tags: Review Source Type: research
Activation of GPER suppresses epithelial mesenchymal transition of triple negative breast cancer cells via NF-κB signals
The targeted therapy for triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is a great challenge due to our poor understanding on its molecular etiology. In the present study, our clinical data showed that the expression of G-protein coupled estrogen receptor (GPER) is negatively associated with lymph node metastasis, high-grade tumor and fibronectin (FN) expression while positively associated with the favorable outcome in 135 TNBC patients. In our experimental studies, both the in vitro migration and invasion of TNBC cells were inhibited by GPER specific agonist G-1, through the suppression of the epithelial mesenchymal transition (EMT...
Source: Molecular Oncology - January 18, 2016 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Zhuo-Jia Chen, Wei Wei, Guan-Min Jiang, Hao Liu, Wei-Dong Wei, Xiang-Ling Yang, Ying-Min Wu, Huan-Liang Liu, Chris KC. Wong, Jun Du, Hong-Sheng Wang Source Type: research
Functional Studies on Circulating and Disseminated Tumor Cells in Carcinoma Patients
Despite numerous clinical studies indicating the clinical relevance of circulating tumor cells (CTCs) in blood and disseminated tumor cells (DTCs) in the bone marrow of cancer patients, the functional properties of these cells are largely unknown. The focus of this review is to emphasize how functional studies on viable CTCs and DTCs can enlarge the spectrum of applications of “liquid biopsies”. The low number of CTCs in the peripheral blood and DTCs in the bone marrow and the fact that carcinoma cells are difficult to culture are major challenges. (Source: Molecular Oncology)
Source: Molecular Oncology - January 18, 2016 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Catherine Alix-Panabières, Kai Bartkowiak, Klaus Pantel Tags: Review Source Type: research
Activation of GPER suppresses epithelial mesenchymal transition of triple negative breast cancer cells via NF- κB signals
The targeted therapy for triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is a great challenge due to our poor understanding on its molecular etiology. In the present study, our clinical data showed that the expression of G-protein coupled estrogen receptor (GPER) is negatively associated with lymph node metastasis, high-grade tumor and fibronectin (FN) expression while positively associated with the favorable outcome in 135 TNBC patients. In our experimental studies, both the in vitro migration and invasion of TNBC cells were inhibited by GPER specific agonist G-1, through the suppression of the epithelial mesenchymal transition (E...
Source: Molecular Oncology - January 17, 2016 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Zhuo-Jia Chen, Wei Wei, Guan-Min Jiang, Hao Liu, Wei-Dong Wei, Xiangling Yang, Ying-Min Wu, Huanliang Liu, Chris K.C. Wong, Jun Du, Hong-Sheng Wang Source Type: research
Circulating tumor cells in breast cancer
Over the past decade, technically reliable circulating tumor cell (CTC) detection methods allowed the collection of large datasets of CTC counts in cancer patients. These data can be used either as a dynamic prognostic biomarker or as tumor material for “liquid biopsy”. Breast cancer appears to be the cancer type in which CTC have been the most extensively studied so far, with level-of-evidence-1 studies supporting the clinical validity of CTC count in both early and metastatic stage. This review summarizes and discusses the clinical results obtained in breast cancer patients, the issues faced by the molecular characte...
Source: Molecular Oncology - January 11, 2016 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Francois-Clement Bidard, Charlotte Proudhon, Jean-Yves Pierga Tags: Review Source Type: research
Enhanced efficacy of combined HDAC and PARP targeting in glioblastoma
Recent clinical trials have demonstrated that targeting chromatin remodeling factors is as a promising strategy for the treatment of glioblastoma (GBM). We and others have shown constitutive activation of DNA damage response (DDR) pathways in gliomas and suggested that targeting the DDR may improve the currently grim prognosis for patients. Based on our previous findings that inhibition of poly_(ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) increases radio-sensitivity of the notoriously radio-resistant GBM cells, we hypothesized that epigenetic down-regulation of the DDR responses and induction of oxidative stress via HDAC inhibition woul...
Source: Molecular Oncology - January 8, 2016 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Rikke D. Rasmussen, Madhavsai K. Gajjar, Kamilla E. Jensen, Petra Hamerlik Source Type: research
Hypoxia-induced alterations of G2 checkpoint regulators
Hypoxia promotes an aggressive tumor phenotype with increased genomic instability, partially due to downregulation of DNA repair pathways. However, genome stability is also surveilled by cell cycle checkpoints. An important issue is therefore whether hypoxia also can influence the DNA damage-induced cell cycle checkpoints. Here, we show that hypoxia (24h 0.2% O2) alters the expression of several G2 checkpoint regulators, as examined by microarray gene expression analysis and immunoblotting of U2OS cells. (Source: Molecular Oncology)
Source: Molecular Oncology - January 8, 2016 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Grete Hasvold, Christin Lund-Andersen, Malin Lando, Sebastian Patzke, Sissel Hauge, ZhenHe Suo, Heidi Lyng, Randi G. Syljuåsen Source Type: research
Essential role of HDAC6 in the regulation of PD-L1 in melanoma
Histone deacetylases (HDACs), originally described as histone modifiers, have more recently been demonstrated to target a variety of other proteins unrelated to the chromatin environment. In this context, our present work demonstrates that the pharmacological or genetic abrogation of HDAC6 in primary melanoma samples and cell lines, down-regulates the expression of PD-L1, an important co-stimulatory molecule expressed in cancer cells, which activates the inhibitory regulatory pathway PD-1 in T-cells. (Source: Molecular Oncology)
Source: Molecular Oncology - January 5, 2016 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: M. Lienlaf, P. Perez-Villarroel, T. Knox, M. Pabon, E. Sahakian, J. Powers, K.V. Woan, C. Lee, F. Cheng, S. Deng, K.S.M. Smalley, M. Montecino, A. Kozikowski, J. Pinilla-Ibarz, A. Sarnaik, E. Seto, J. Weber, E.M. Sotomayor, A. Villagra Source Type: research
Melphalan-flufenamide is cytotoxic and potentiates treatment with chemotherapy and the Src inhibitor dasatinib in urothelial cancer
Chemotherapy options in advanced urothelial carcinoma (UC) remain limited. Here we evaluated the peptide-based alkylating agent melphalan-flufenamide (mel-flufen) for UC. (Source: Molecular Oncology)
Source: Molecular Oncology - January 2, 2016 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Kristina Viktorsson, Carl-Henrik Shah, Therese Juntti, Petra Hååg, Katarzyna Zielinska-Chomej, Adam Sierakowiak, Karin Holmsten, Jessica Tu, Jack Spira, Lena Kanter, Rolf Lewensohn, Anders Ullén Source Type: research
