miR-634 exhibits anti-tumor activities toward hepatocellular carcinoma via Rab1A and DHX33
Deregulation of microRNAs contributes to the aberrant growth of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Here, we showed that miR-634 expression was frequently decreased in HCC. Low miR-634 expression was significantly associated with larger tumor size, poorer tumor differentiation, advanced TNM stage, vascular invasion, absence of tumor capsule and unfavorable overall survival. Overexpression of miR-634 markedly attenuated cell viability, colony formation, tumor growth and metastasis, whereas miR-634 inhibition resulted in the opposite phenotypes. (Source: Molecular Oncology)
Source: Molecular Oncology - September 19, 2016 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Chris Zhiyi Zhang, Yun Cao, Jia Fu, Jing-Ping Yun, Mei-Fang Zhang Source Type: research
mRNA expression profiles of colorectal liver metastases as a novel biomarker for early recurrence after partial hepatectomy
Identification of specific risk groups for recurrence after surgery for isolated colorectal liver metastases (CRLM) remains challenging due to the heterogeneity of the disease. Classical clinicopathologic parameters have limited prognostic value. The aim of this study was to identify a gene expression signature measured in CRLM discriminating early from late recurrence after partial hepatectomy. (Source: Molecular Oncology)
Source: Molecular Oncology - September 18, 2016 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: E.P. van der Stok, M. Smid, A.M. Sieuwerts, P.B. Vermeulen, S. Sleijfer, N. Ayez, D.J. Gr ünhagen, J.W.M. Martens, C. Verhoef Source Type: research
Autophagy inhibition upregulates CD4+ tumor infiltrating lymphocyte expression via miR-155 regulation and TRAIL activation
In this study, we report for the first time that autophagy inhibition triggers upregulation of CD4+, Foxp3+ tumor infiltrating lymphocytes in late metastatic lung cancer tissues. Furthermore, autophagy blockage induces chemosensitization to carboplatin, immune activation and cell cycle arrest. (Source: Molecular Oncology)
Source: Molecular Oncology - September 15, 2016 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Paul Zarogoulidis, Savvas Petanidis, Kalliopi Domvri, Efrosini Kioseoglou, Doxakis Anestakis, Lutz Freitag, Konstantinos Zarogoulidis, Wolfgang Hohenforst-Schmidt, Wilfried Eberhardt Source Type: research
Editorial Board
(Source: Molecular Oncology)
Source: Molecular Oncology - September 14, 2016 Category: Cancer & Oncology Source Type: research
Citral reduces breast tumor growth by inhibiting the cancer stem cell marker ALDH1A3
Breast cancer stem cells (CSCs) can be identified by increased Aldefluor fluorescence caused by increased expression of aldehyde dehydrogenase 1A3 (ALDH1A3), as well as ALDH1A1 and ALDH2. In addition to being a CSC marker, ALDH1A3 regulates gene expression via retinoic acid (RA) signaling and plays a key role in the progression and chemotherapy resistance of cancer. Therefore, ALDH1A3 represents a druggable anti-cancer target of interest. Since to date, there are no characterized ALDH1A3 isoform inhibitors, drugs that were previously described as inhibiting the activity of other ALDH isoforms were tested for anti-ALDH1A3 a...
Source: Molecular Oncology - August 24, 2016 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Margaret Lois Thomas, Roberto De Antueno, Krysta Mila Coyle, Mohammad Sultan, Brianne Marie Cruickshank, Michael Anthony Giacomantonio, Carman Anthony Giacomantonio, Roy Duncan, Paola Marcato Source Type: research
Citral reduces breast tumour growth by inhibiting the cancer stem cell marker ALDH1A3
Breast cancer stem cells (CSCs) can be identified by increased Aldefluor fluorescence caused by increased expression of aldehyde dehydrogenase 1A3 (ALDH1A3), as well as ALDH1A1 and ALDH2. In addition to being a CSC marker, ALDH1A3 regulates gene expression via retinoic acid (RA) signaling and plays a key role in the progression and chemotherapy resistance of cancer. Therefore, ALDH1A3 represents a druggable anti-cancer target of interest. Since to date, there are no characterized ALDH1A3 isoform inhibitors, drugs that were previously described as inhibiting the activity of other ALDH isoforms were tested for anti-ALDH1A3 a...
Source: Molecular Oncology - August 24, 2016 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Margaret Lois Thomas, Roberto De Antueno, Krysta Mila Coyle, Mohammad Sultan, Brianne Marie Cruickshank, Michael Anthony Giacomantonio, Carman Anthony Giacomantonio, Roy Duncan, Paola Marcato Source Type: research
Biglycan stimulates VEGF expression in endothelial cells by activating the TLR signaling pathway
Biglycan (BGN) is an important component of the extracellular matrix (ECM) that is implicated in a variety of human cancers. In our previous study, we reported that BGN was overexpressed in gastric cancer (GC) tissues and promoted cancer metastasis. Moreover, the tubular formation capacity in HUVECs was promoted by stimulation with culture media from BGN-overexpressing GC cells, but the exact underlying mechanism is still unknown. The purpose of this study was to determine the role and molecular mechanism of BGN in VEGF expression in endothelial cells. (Source: Molecular Oncology)
Source: Molecular Oncology - August 23, 2016 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Lei Hu, Ming-de Zang, He-xiao Wang, Jian-fang Li, Li-ping Su, Min Yan, Chen Li, Qiu-meng Yang, Bing-ya Liu, Zheng-gang Zhu Source Type: research
Transcript signatures that predict outcome and identify targetable pathways in MYCN-amplified neuroblastoma
In the pediatric cancer neuroblastoma (NB), patients are stratified into low, intermediate or high-risk subsets based in part on MYCN amplification status. While MYCN amplification in general predicts unfavorable outcome, no clinical or genomic factors have been identified that predict outcome within these cohorts of high-risk patients. In particular, it is currently not possible at diagnosis to determine which high-risk neuroblastoma patients will ultimately fail upfront therapy. (Source: Molecular Oncology)
Source: Molecular Oncology - August 17, 2016 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Robin M. Hallett, Alex BK. Seong, David R. Kaplan, Meredith S. Irwin Source Type: research
Spatial and temporal clonal evolution during development of metastatic urothelial carcinoma
Patients with metastatic bladder cancer have a median survival of only 13-14 months. Precision medicine using targeted therapy may improve survival. Here we investigated spatial and temporal tumour evolution and tumour heterogeneity in order to evaluate the potential use of targeted treatment of metastatic bladder cancer. We performed a proof-of-concept study by whole exome sequencing of multiple tumour regions (n=22) from three patients with metastatic bladder cancer. DNA from primary and metastatic tumour biopsies was analysed for mutations using Mutect and potential therapeutic targets were identified. (Source: Molecular Oncology)
Source: Molecular Oncology - August 17, 2016 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Mathilde B.H. Thomsen, Iver Nordentoft, Philippe Lamy, S øren Høyer, Søren Vang, Jakob Hedegaard, Michael Borre, Jørgen B. Jensen, Torben F. Ørntoft, Lars Dyrskjøt Source Type: research
A large-scale analysis of alternative splicing reveals a key role of QKI in lung cancer
In this study, we performed a genome-wide analysis to identify cancer-associated splice variants in non-small cell lung cancer. We discovered and validated novel differences in the splicing of genes known to be relevant to lung cancer biology, such as NFIB, ENAH or SPAG9. Gene enrichment analyses revealed an important contribution of alternative splicing to cancer-related molecular functions, especially those involved in cytoskeletal dynamics. (Source: Molecular Oncology)
Source: Molecular Oncology - August 8, 2016 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Fernando J. de Miguel, Mar ía J. Pajares, Elena Martínez-Terroba, Daniel Ajona, Xabier Morales, Ravi D. Sharma, Francisco J. Pardo, Ana Rouzaut, Angel Rubio, Luis M. Montuenga, Ruben Pio Source Type: research
Concordance between HER-2 status determined by qPCR in Fine Needle Aspiration Cytology (FNAC) samples compared with IHC and FISH in Core Needle Biopsy (CNB) or Surgical Specimens in breast cancer patients
Determining the status of HER2-neu amplification and overexpression in breast cancer is crucial for prognosis but mostly for treatment purposes. Standard techniques include the determination of IHC in combination with in situ hybridization techniques to confirm a HER2-neu amplification in case of IHC2+ using either a core-needle biopsy or a surgical specimen. qPCR has been also demonstrated to be able to determine HER2 status, mostly in core biopsies or in surgical specimens. Fine-needle aspiration is a reliable, quicker and less invasive technique that is widely used for diagnosis of invasive breast cancer. (Source: Molecular Oncology)
Source: Molecular Oncology - August 4, 2016 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Claudia Rodriguez, Voichita Suciu, Audrey Poterie, Ludovic Lacroix, Isabelle Miran, Am élie Boichard, Suzette Delaloge, Jacqueline Deneuve, Sandy Azoulay, Marie-Christine Mathieu, Alexander Valent, Stefan Michiels, Monica Arnedos, Philippe Vielh Source Type: research
Non-canonical WNT5A signaling up-regulates the expression of the tumor suppressor 15-PGDH and induces differentiation of colon cancer cells
The tumor suppressor 15-hydroxyprostaglandin dehydrogenase (15-PGDH) is the key enzyme in prostaglandin E2 catabolism and is down-regulated in colorectal cancer (CRC) tissue. Canonical Wnt signaling is frequently elevated in colon cancers and has been shown to down-regulate 15-PGDH expression. Therefore, we have in the current study investigated if the non-canonical ligand WNT5A relates to increased expression of 15-PGDH in colon cancer cells. In the same cohort of patients, we demonstrated a parallel and significant loss of 15-PGDH and WNT5A protein expression in CRC tissues compared with matched normal colon tissues. (So...
Source: Molecular Oncology - July 31, 2016 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Lubna M. Mehdawi, Chandra Prakash Prasad, Roy Ehrnstr öm, Tommy Andersson, Anita Sjölander Source Type: research
Editorial Board
(Source: Molecular Oncology)
Source: Molecular Oncology - July 31, 2016 Category: Cancer & Oncology Source Type: research
MiR-31 and miR-128 regulates Poliovirus receptor-related 4 mediated measles virus infectivity in tumors
Oncolytic measles virus strains are currently being evaluated in several clinical trials, as a promising novel oncolytic platform. Poliovirus receptor-related 4 (PVRL4) was recently identified as a potent measles virus (MV) receptor; however, its regulation is not yet understood. Increased levels of PVRL4 protein were observed in cell membrane, cytoplasm and nuclei of glioblastoma, breast and ovarian tumor clinical samples with no significant change in PVRL4 mRNA levels in glioblastoma and breast cancer compared with their corresponding control samples, suggesting that PVRL4 is likely post-transcriptionally regulated. (Sou...
Source: Molecular Oncology - July 28, 2016 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Hirosha Geekiyanage, Evanthia Galanis Source Type: research
Near infrared photoimmunotherapy of B-cell lymphoma
Near infrared photoimmunotherapy (NIR-PIT) is a new, highly-selective cancer theranostics that employs an antibody-photo absorber conjugate (APC). NIR-PIT has successfully treated preclinical tumor models with APCs and is now in the first-in-human phase 1 clinical trial for head and neck cancer patients against EGFR. CD20 is highly expressed in many B-cell lymphomas and is emerging as a molecular target for this disease. Here, we describe the use of the anti-CD20 monoclonal antibody (mAb), rituximab-IR700 APC for NIR-PIT of B-cell lymphoma in two CD20-expressing lymphoma mouse models. (Source: Molecular Oncology)
Source: Molecular Oncology - July 28, 2016 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Tadanobu Nagaya, Yuko Nakamura, Kazuhide Sato, Toshiko Harada, Peter L. Choyke, Hisataka Kobayashi Source Type: research
