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Materials properties measurements and particle beam interactions studies using electrostatic levitation
Publication date: February 2014 Source:Materials Science and Engineering: R: Reports, Volume 76 Author(s): Paul-François Paradis , Takehiko Ishikawa , Geun-Woo Lee , Dirk Holland-Moritz , Jürgen Brillo , Won-Kyu Rhim , Junpei T. Okada Electrostatic levitators have been around for more than 30 years and have become mature tools for the material science community. Originally developed as positioners for materials and fluid science experiments in space, they saw a myriad of offsprings throughout the world for ground-based research, not only in space agencies but also in governmental laboratories, in universities ...
Source: Materials Science and Engineering: R: Reports - October 12, 2014 Category: Materials Science Source Type: research

Biodegradable metals
Publication date: March 2014 Source:Materials Science and Engineering: R: Reports, Volume 77 Author(s): Y.F. Zheng , X.N. Gu , F. Witte After decades of developing strategies to minimize the corrosion of metallic biomaterials, there is now an increasing interest to use corrodible metals in a number of medical device applications. The term “biodegradable metal” (BM) has been used worldwide to describe these new kinds of degradable metallic biomaterials for medical applications and there were many new findings reported over the last decade. In this paper, the definition of BM and its classification are given for t...
Source: Materials Science and Engineering: R: Reports - October 12, 2014 Category: Materials Science Source Type: research

Low-temperature plasma processing for Si photovoltaics
Publication date: April 2014 Source:Materials Science and Engineering: R: Reports, Volume 78 Author(s): S.Q. Xiao , S. Xu , K. Ostrikov There has been a recent rapid expansion of the range of applications of low-temperature plasma processing in Si-based photovoltaic (PV) technologies. The desire to produce Si-based PV materials at an acceptable cost with consistent performance and reproducibility has stimulated a large number of major research and research infrastructure programs, and a rapidly increasing number of publications in the field of low-temperature plasma processing for Si photovoltaics. In this article, ...
Source: Materials Science and Engineering: R: Reports - October 12, 2014 Category: Materials Science Source Type: research

Thermodynamics at the nanoscale: A new approach to the investigation of unique physicochemical properties of nanomaterials
Publication date: May 2014 Source:Materials Science and Engineering: R: Reports, Volume 79 Author(s): Chun Cheng Yang , Yiu-Wing Mai An extension of the classic thermodynamics theory to nanometer scale has generated a new interdisciplinary theory – nanothermodynamics. It serves as a bridge between macroscopic and nanoscopic systems. Over the past decade, nanothermodynamics theories have developed rapidly owing to their critical role in investigating the size-dependent physicochemical properties of nanomaterials. This review examines up-to-date research results on this cutting-edge topic. The focus and emphasis are ...
Source: Materials Science and Engineering: R: Reports - October 12, 2014 Category: Materials Science Source Type: research

Biomimetic porous scaffolds for bone tissue engineering
Publication date: June 2014 Source:Materials Science and Engineering: R: Reports, Volume 80 Author(s): Shuilin Wu , Xiangmei Liu , Kelvin W.K. Yeung , Changsheng Liu , Xianjin Yang Increased use of reconstruction procedures in orthopedics, due to trauma, tumor, deformity, degeneration and an aging population, has caused a blossom, not only in surgical advancement, but also in the development of bone implants. Traditional synthetic porous scaffolds are made of metals, polymers, ceramics or even composite biomaterials, in which the design does not consider the native structure and properties of cells and natural tis...
Source: Materials Science and Engineering: R: Reports - October 12, 2014 Category: Materials Science Source Type: research

Nanostructured titanium-based materials for medical implants: Modeling and development
Publication date: July 2014 Source:Materials Science and Engineering: R: Reports, Volume 81 Author(s): Leon Mishnaevsky Jr. , Evgeny Levashov , Ruslan Z. Valiev , Javier Segurado , Ilchat Sabirov , Nariman Enikeev , Sergey Prokoshkin , Andrey V. Solov’yov , Andrey Korotitskiy , Elazar Gutmanas , Irene Gotman , Eugen Rabkin , Sergey Psakh’e , Luděk Dluhoš , Marc Seefeldt , Alexey Smolin Nanostructuring of titanium-based implantable devices can provide them with superior mechanical properties and enhanced biocompatibity. An overview of advanced fabrication technologies of nanostructured, high streng...
Source: Materials Science and Engineering: R: Reports - October 12, 2014 Category: Materials Science Source Type: research

Structure and properties of lead-free solders bearing micro and nano particles
Publication date: August 2014 Source:Materials Science and Engineering: R: Reports, Volume 82 Author(s): Liang Zhang , K.N. Tu Composite lead-free solders, containing micro and nano particles, have been widely studied. Due to grain boundary drag or Zener drag, these particles can refrain the solder microstructure from coarsening in services, especially for Cu6Sn5, Ag3Sn intermetallic compounds and the β-Sn phases. Due to dispersion hardening or dislocation drag, the mechanical properties of the composite solder alloys were enhanced significantly. Moreover, these particles can influence the rate of interfacial reacti...
Source: Materials Science and Engineering: R: Reports - October 12, 2014 Category: Materials Science Source Type: research

Recent progress in resistive random access memories: Materials, switching mechanisms, and performance
Publication date: September 2014 Source:Materials Science and Engineering: R: Reports, Volume 83 Author(s): F. Pan , S. Gao , C. Chen , C. Song , F. Zeng This review article attempts to provide a comprehensive review of the recent progress in the so-called resistive random access memories (RRAMs). First, a brief introduction is presented to describe the construction and development of RRAMs, their potential for broad applications in the fields of nonvolatile memory, unconventional computing and logic devices, and the focus of research concerning RRAMs over the past decade. Second, both inorganic and organic materi...
Source: Materials Science and Engineering: R: Reports - October 12, 2014 Category: Materials Science Source Type: research

Materials engineering for surface-confined flame retardancy
Publication date: October 2014 Source:Materials Science and Engineering: R: Reports, Volume 84 Author(s): Giulio Malucelli , Federico Carosio , Jenny Alongi , Alberto Fina , Alberto Frache , Giovanni Camino Polymer materials flammability represents a major limitation to their use and hence to the development of most polymer-based advanced technologies. Environmental and safety concerns are leading to progressive phasing out of versatile and effective halogen-based fire retardants which, so far, ensured a satisfactory polymer fire hazard control. Among the intensive efforts which are being made to develop new, env...
Source: Materials Science and Engineering: R: Reports - October 12, 2014 Category: Materials Science Source Type: research

Processing of nanostructured polymers and advanced polymeric based nanocomposites
Publication date: November 2014 Source:Materials Science and Engineering: R: Reports, Volume 85 Author(s): Laura Peponi , Debora Puglia , Luigi Torre , Luca Valentini , José M. Kenny The control of the nanostructure and the addition of nanoparticles to polymers have led to structural and functional property enhancements in a number of polymeric systems as a material answer to continuous requirements from advanced industrial sectors. The availability of new nanoparticles with extraordinary properties (i.e. carbon nanotubes, graphenes, but also nanoclays, nanocellulose, metals and ceramics) have determined new and ...
Source: Materials Science and Engineering: R: Reports - October 12, 2014 Category: Materials Science Source Type: research