Early antipsychotic treatment in childhood/adolescent period has long-term effects on depressive-like, anxiety-like and locomotor behaviours in adult rats
This study, using an animal model for childhood/adolescent APD treatment, investigated the long-term effects of aripiprazole, olanzapine and risperidone on adult behaviours of male and female rats. Open-field/holeboard, elevated plus maze (EPM), social interaction and forced swim (FS) tests were then conducted in adult rats. Our results indicated that in the male cohort, early risperidone and olanzapine treatment elicited long-term hyper-locomotor effects (open-field/holeboard and FS tests), whilst a decrease in depressive-like behaviour (in FS test) was observed in response to olanzapine treatment. Furthermore, anxiolytic...
Source: Journal of Psychopharmacology - January 22, 2016 Category: Psychiatry Authors: De Santis, M., Lian, J., Huang, X.-F., Deng, C. Tags: Original Papers Source Type: research
Chronic pain causes a persistent anxiety state leading to increased ethanol intake in CD1 mice
Mood disorders and chronic pain are closely linked, but limited progress has been made in understanding the role of chronic and neuropathic pain in the aetiopathogenesis of depression. To explore the pathological mechanisms that mediate the association between pain and depressive-like behaviours, we studied the time-dependent effect of neuropathic pain on the development of anxiety-like and despair behaviours in CD1 mice. We analysed behavioural data, neuroinflammation reactions and changes in neurotransmitter (glutamate and serotonin) levels in the mouse prefrontal cortex. Sciatic-operated mice displayed long-lasting anxi...
Source: Journal of Psychopharmacology - January 22, 2016 Category: Psychiatry Authors: Gonzalez-Sepulveda, M., Pozo, O. J., Marcos, J., Valverde, O. Tags: Original Papers Source Type: research
Anxiety sensitivity and trait anxiety are associated with response to 7.5% carbon dioxide challenge
We examined data from a number of 7.5% CO2 challenge studies to determine whether anxiety proneness was related to subjective or physiological response. Our findings indicate anxiety proneness is associated with greater subjective and physiological responses. However, anxiety-prone individuals also have a greater subjective response to the placebo (medical air) condition. This suggests that anxiety-prone individuals not only respond more strongly to the 7.5% CO2 challenge, but also to medical air. Implications for the design and conduct of 7.5% CO2 challenge studies are discussed. (Source: Journal of Psychopharmacology)
Source: Journal of Psychopharmacology - January 22, 2016 Category: Psychiatry Authors: Fluharty, M. E., Attwood, A. S., Munafo, M. R. Tags: Short Report Source Type: research
THC and endocannabinoids differentially regulate neuronal activity in the prefrontal cortex and hippocampus in the subchronic PCP model of schizophrenia
Cannabis use has been associated with an increased risk to develop schizophrenia as well as symptom exacerbation in patients. In contrast, clinical studies have revealed an inverse relationship between the cerebrospinal fluid levels of the endocannabinoid anandamide and symptom severity, suggesting a therapeutic potential for endocannabinoid-enhancing drugs. Indeed, preclinical studies have shown that these drugs can reverse distinct behavioral deficits in a rodent model of schizophrenia. The mechanisms underlying the differences between exogenous and endogenous cannabinoid administration are currently unknown. Using the p...
Source: Journal of Psychopharmacology - January 22, 2016 Category: Psychiatry Authors: Aguilar, D. D., Giuffrida, A., Lodge, D. J. Tags: Original Papers Source Type: research
Are IQ and educational outcomes in teenagers related to their cannabis use? A prospective cohort study
There is much debate about the impact of adolescent cannabis use on intellectual and educational outcomes. We investigated associations between adolescent cannabis use and IQ and educational attainment in a sample of 2235 teenagers from the Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children. By the age of 15, 24% reported having tried cannabis at least once. A series of nested linear regressions was employed, adjusted hierarchically by pre-exposure ability and potential confounds (e.g. cigarette and alcohol use, childhood mental-health symptoms and behavioural problems), to test the relationships between cumulative cannabis u...
Source: Journal of Psychopharmacology - January 22, 2016 Category: Psychiatry Authors: Mokrysz, C., Landy, R., Gage, S., Munafo, M., Roiser, J., Curran, H. Tags: Original Papers Source Type: research
Cue-induced striatal activity in frequent cannabis users independently predicts cannabis problem severity three years later
Cannabis is the most frequently used illicit drug worldwide, but little is known about the mechanisms underlying continued cannabis use. Cue-reactivity (the physical, psychological, behavioural and neural reaction to substance-related cues) might be related to continued cannabis use. In this 3-year prospective neuroimaging study we investigated whether cannabis cue-induced brain activity predicted continued cannabis use and associated problem severity 3 years later. In addition, baseline brain activations were compared between dependent and non-dependent cannabis users at follow-up. Analyses were focussed on brain areas kn...
Source: Journal of Psychopharmacology - January 22, 2016 Category: Psychiatry Authors: Vingerhoets, W., Koenders, L., van den Brink, W., Wiers, R., Goudriaan, A., van Amelsvoort, T., de Haan, L., Cousijn, J. Tags: Original Papers Source Type: research
The effect of five day dosing with THCV on THC-induced cognitive, psychological and physiological effects in healthy male human volunteers: A placebo-controlled, double-blind, crossover pilot trial
Conclusion:
In this first study of THC and THCV, THCV inhibited some of the well-known effects of THC, while potentiating others. These findings need to be interpreted with caution due to a small sample size and lack of THC-induced psychotomimetic and memory-impairing effect, probably owing to the choice of dose. (Source: Journal of Psychopharmacology)
Source: Journal of Psychopharmacology - January 22, 2016 Category: Psychiatry Authors: Englund, A., Atakan, Z., Kralj, A., Tunstall, N., Murray, R., Morrison, P. Tags: Original Papers Source Type: research
Propranolol for the treatment of anxiety disorders: Systematic review and meta-analysis
In conclusion, the quality of evidence for the efficacy of propranolol at present is insufficient to support the routine use of propranolol in the treatment of any of the anxiety disorders. (Source: Journal of Psychopharmacology)
Source: Journal of Psychopharmacology - January 22, 2016 Category: Psychiatry Authors: Steenen, S. A., van Wijk, A. J., van der Heijden, G. J., van Westrhenen, R., de Lange, J., de Jongh, A. Tags: Reviews Source Type: research
Neurotensin: A role in substance use disorder?
Neurotensin is a tridecapeptide originally identified in extracts of bovine hypothalamus. This peptide has a close anatomical and functional relationship with the mesocorticolimbic and nigrostriatal dopamine system. Neural circuits containing neurotensin were originally proposed to play a role in the mechanism of action of antipsychotic agents. Additionally, neurotensin-containing pathways were demonstrated to mediate some of the rewarding and/or sensitizing properties of drugs of abuse.
This review attempts to contribute to the understanding of the role of neurotensin and its receptors in drug abuse. In particular, we wil...
Source: Journal of Psychopharmacology - January 22, 2016 Category: Psychiatry Authors: Ferraro, L., Tiozzo Fasiolo, L., Beggiato, S., Borelli, A. C., Pomierny-Chamiolo, L., Frankowska, M., Antonelli, T., Tomasini, M. C., Fuxe, K., Filip, M. Tags: Reviews Source Type: research
Antipsychotic efficacy in psychosis with co-morbid cannabis misuse: A systematic review
The prevalence of cannabis use in patients with psychotic mental illness is known to be high and is suspected to exacerbate symptoms and worsen prognosis. We aimed to evaluate evidence of antipsychotic efficacy in reducing the burden of psychotic symptoms and cannabis use in individuals with psychotic mental illness and co-morbid cannabis use. A systematic review was conducted of antipsychotic treatment in those with psychotic mental illness and co-morbid cannabis use. Quality of evidence for each study and outcomes were rated using the ‘GRADE’ approach. Twenty-two studies were identified: 13 experimental and 9...
Source: Journal of Psychopharmacology - January 22, 2016 Category: Psychiatry Authors: Wilson, R. P., Bhattacharyya, S. Tags: Reviews Source Type: research
Erratum
for Psychomotor effects, pharmacokinetics and safety of the orexin receptor antagonist suvorexant administered in combination with alcohol in healthy subjects by Hong Sun, Ka Lai Yee, Sean Gill, Wen Liu, Xiaodong Li, Deborah Panebianco, Eric Mangin, Dennis Morrison, Jacqueline McCrea, John A Wagner, and Matthew D Troyer. J Psychopharmacol November 2015 29: 1159-1169, first published on October 13, 2015 doi:10.1177/0269881115609015
In the print issue of the journal, on page1165 of the article, panels (c) and (d) of Figure 1 are duplicates. The references (contained in the results section of the publication, page 1164) to F...
Source: Journal of Psychopharmacology - December 23, 2015 Category: Psychiatry Tags: Erratum Source Type: research
Autophagic activation: A key piece of the puzzle for the curcumin-associated cognitive enhancement?
(Source: Journal of Psychopharmacology)
Source: Journal of Psychopharmacology - December 23, 2015 Category: Psychiatry Authors: Sahebkar, A. Tags: Letter to the Editor Source Type: research
Comparative study of the neuroprotective and nootropic activities of the carboxylate and amide forms of the HLDF-6 peptide in animal models of Alzheimers disease
A comparative study of the neuroprotective and nootropic activities of two pharmaceutical substances, the HLDF-6 peptide (HLDF-6-OH) and its amide form (HLDF-6-NH2), was conducted. The study was performed in male rats using two models of a neurodegenerative disorder. Cognitive deficit in rats was induced by injection of the beta-amyloid fragment 25–35 (βA 25–35) into the giant-cell nucleus basalis of Meynert or by coinjection of βA 25–35 and ibotenic acid into the hippocampus. To evaluate cognitive functions in animals, three tests were used: the novel object recognition test, the conditioned pa...
Source: Journal of Psychopharmacology - December 23, 2015 Category: Psychiatry Authors: Bogachouk, A. P., Storozheva, Z. I., Solovjeva, O. A., Sherstnev, V. V., Zolotarev, Y. A., Azev, V. N., Rodionov, I. L., Surina, E. A., Lipkin, V. M. Tags: Original Papers Source Type: research
A double-blind, placebo-controlled, randomized withdrawal study of lurasidone for the maintenance of efficacy in patients with schizophrenia
Conclusions:
This multicenter, placebo-controlled, randomized withdrawal study demonstrated the efficacy of lurasidone for the maintenance treatment of patients with schizophrenia. (Source: Journal of Psychopharmacology)
Source: Journal of Psychopharmacology - December 23, 2015 Category: Psychiatry Authors: Tandon, R., Cucchiaro, J., Phillips, D., Hernandez, D., Mao, Y., Pikalov, A., Loebel, A. Tags: Original Papers Source Type: research
Blood lactate levels as a biomarker of antipsychotic side effects in patients with schizophrenia
Conclusion:
These findings suggest elevated blood lactate levels may serve as early biomarkers for occurrence of extra-pyramidal symptoms in patients on chronic APs treatment. (Source: Journal of Psychopharmacology)
Source: Journal of Psychopharmacology - December 23, 2015 Category: Psychiatry Authors: Elmorsy, E., Shahda, M., Mahmoud, E.-H. M., Rakha, S. A., Shoaib, M. Tags: Original Papers Source Type: research
