Corrigendum to “The benefits of testing: Individual differences based on student factors” [J. Memory Lang. (2019) 104029]
Publication date: Available online 11 September 2019Source: Journal of Memory and LanguageAuthor(s): Alison Robey (Source: Journal of Memory and Language)
Source: Journal of Memory and Language - September 13, 2019 Category: Speech-Language Pathology Source Type: research
Communication increases category structure and alignment only when combined with cultural transmission
Publication date: December 2019Source: Journal of Memory and Language, Volume 109Author(s): Catriona Silvey, Simon Kirby, Kenny SmithAbstractThe semantic categories labeled by words in natural languages are used for communication with others, and learned by observing the productions of others who learned them in the same way. Do these processes of communication and cultural transmission affect the structure of category systems and their alignment across speakers? We examine novel category systems that emerge from communication, cultural transmission, and both processes combined. Communication alone leads to category system...
Source: Journal of Memory and Language - September 4, 2019 Category: Speech-Language Pathology Source Type: research
Temporal isolation effects in immediate recall
Publication date: December 2019Source: Journal of Memory and Language, Volume 109Author(s): Rachel Grenfell-Essam, Geoff Ward, Cathleen Cortis MackAbstractThree experiments examined temporal isolation effects (TIEs), the recall advantage for stimuli separated by increased inter-stimulus intervals. Prior research suggests that TIEs are observed in immediate free recall (IFR) using longer lists, but are weaker or absent in immediate serial recall (ISR) using shorter lists. Using digit-filled intervals to reduce rehearsal, IFR and ISR benefitted overall from longer pre-item intervals and shorter post-item intervals, using lis...
Source: Journal of Memory and Language - September 1, 2019 Category: Speech-Language Pathology Source Type: research
The domain specificity of working memory is a matter of ability
Publication date: December 2019Source: Journal of Memory and Language, Volume 109Author(s): Kristof Kovacs, Dylan Molenaar, Andrew R.A. ConwayAbstractThe relative importance of domain-general and domain-specific sources of variance in working memory capacity (WMC) is a matter of debate. In intelligence research, the question of domain-generality is informed by differentiation: the phenomenon that the size of across-domain correlations is inversely related to ability: the lower the ability, the more domain-general the variance. Since WMC and intelligence are related constructs, differentiation might exist in WMC, too. Diffe...
Source: Journal of Memory and Language - August 27, 2019 Category: Speech-Language Pathology Source Type: research
Wait for it…performance anticipation reduces recognition memory
Publication date: December 2019Source: Journal of Memory and Language, Volume 109Author(s): Noah D. Forrin, Brandon C.W. Ralph, Navi K. Dhaliwal, Daniel Smilek, Colin M. MacLeodAbstractConventional wisdom suggests that there is an encoding decrement prior to performing in front of others. We hypothesized that this pre-performance memory deficit—the next-in-line effect (Brenner, 1973)—should also occur in the context of mixed-list memory experiments where one of the conditions requires performance. As the testing ground for this prediction, we used the production effect (i.e., enhanced memory for words that are read alo...
Source: Journal of Memory and Language - August 23, 2019 Category: Speech-Language Pathology Source Type: research
Linking repetition priming, recognition, and source memory: A single-system signal-detection account
We present new behavioral data and modeling that links priming, recognition, and source memory. In four experiments, we found that the magnitude of the priming effect, as measured with identification response time in a gradual clarification task, was (1) greater for studied items receiving correct source decisions than incorrect source decisions, and (2) increased as confidence in the source decision increased. Building on the framework for modeling recognition and priming proposed by Berry, Shanks, Speekenbrink, and Henson (2012), we developed a single-system model in which source memory decisions are driven by the same m...
Source: Journal of Memory and Language - August 14, 2019 Category: Speech-Language Pathology Source Type: research
How many words do we read per minute? A review and meta-analysis of reading rate
Publication date: December 2019Source: Journal of Memory and Language, Volume 109Author(s): Marc BrysbaertAbstractBased on the analysis of 190 studies (18,573 participants), we estimate that the average silent reading rate for adults in English is 238 words per minute (wpm) for non-fiction and 260 wpm for fiction. The difference can be predicted by taking into account the length of the words, with longer words in non-fiction than in fiction. The estimates are lower than the numbers often cited in scientific and popular writings. The reasons for the overestimates are reviewed. The average oral reading rate (based on 77 st...
Source: Journal of Memory and Language - August 10, 2019 Category: Speech-Language Pathology Source Type: research
Editorial Board
Publication date: October 2019Source: Journal of Memory and Language, Volume 108Author(s): (Source: Journal of Memory and Language)
Source: Journal of Memory and Language - August 7, 2019 Category: Speech-Language Pathology Source Type: research
Publisher's Note
Publication date: October 2019Source: Journal of Memory and Language, Volume 108Author(s): (Source: Journal of Memory and Language)
Source: Journal of Memory and Language - August 7, 2019 Category: Speech-Language Pathology Source Type: research
Asymmetric accommodation during interaction leads to the regularisation of linguistic variants
Publication date: December 2019Source: Journal of Memory and Language, Volume 109Author(s): Olga Fehér, Nikolaus Ritt, Kenny SmithAbstractLinguistic variation is constrained by grammatical and social context, making the occurrence of particular variants at least somewhat predictable. We explore accommodation during interaction as a potential mechanism to explain this phenomenon. Specifically, we test a hypothesis derived from historical linguistics that interaction between categorical and variable users is inherently asymmetric: while variable users accommodate to their partners, categorical users are reluctant to do so, ...
Source: Journal of Memory and Language - July 27, 2019 Category: Speech-Language Pathology Source Type: research
Repeat after us: Syntactic alignment is not partner-specific
Publication date: October 2019Source: Journal of Memory and Language, Volume 108Author(s): Rachel Ostrand, Victor S. FerreiraAbstractConversational partners match each other’s speech, a process known as alignment. Such alignment can be partner-specific, when speakers match particular partners’ production distributions, or partner-independent, when speakers match aggregated linguistic statistics across their input. However, partner-specificity has only been assessed in situations where it had clear communicative utility, and non-alignment might cause communicative difficulty. Here, we investigate whether speakers align ...
Source: Journal of Memory and Language - July 17, 2019 Category: Speech-Language Pathology Source Type: research
An investigation into the lexical boost with nonhead nouns
Publication date: October 2019Source: Journal of Memory and Language, Volume 108Author(s): Maria Nella Carminati, Roger P.G. van Gompel, Laura J. WakefordAbstractIn five structural priming experiments, we investigated lexical boost effects in the production of ditransitive sentences. Although the residual activation model of Pickering and Branigan (1998) suggests that a lexical boost should only occur with the repetition of a syntactic licensing head in ditransitive prepositional object (PO)/double object (DO) structures, Scheepers, Raffray, and Myachykov (2017) recently found that it also occurs with the repetition of nou...
Source: Journal of Memory and Language - July 10, 2019 Category: Speech-Language Pathology Source Type: research
Linear forgetting
Publication date: October 2019Source: Journal of Memory and Language, Volume 108Author(s): Jerry S. Fisher, Gabriel A. RadvanskyAbstractMemory retention and forgetting is typically captured by an Ebbinghaus curve in which there is a sharp initial decrease that follows a negatively accelerated function. This pattern, typically well fit by a power function and poorly fit by a linear function, has been observed across a variety of materials, tasks, and retention lengths. However, here we demonstrate, across three experiments, a set of retention patterns that are better fit by a linear function, which is not accounted for by a...
Source: Journal of Memory and Language - July 10, 2019 Category: Speech-Language Pathology Source Type: research
The glottal stop between segmental and suprasegmental processing: The case of Maltese
Publication date: October 2019Source: Journal of Memory and Language, Volume 108Author(s): Holger Mitterer, Sahyang Kim, Taehong ChoAbstractMany languages mark vowel-initial words with a glottal stop. We show that this occurs in Maltese, even though the glottal stop also occurs as a phoneme in Maltese. As a consequence, words with and without an underlying (phonemic) glottal stop (e.g., a glottal stop-zero minimal pair qal /Ɂɑ:l/ vs. ghal /ɑ:l/ Engl., ‘he said’-‘because’) can become homophonous in connected speech. We first tested the extent of this phonetic marking of vowel-initial words in a production experim...
Source: Journal of Memory and Language - July 2, 2019 Category: Speech-Language Pathology Source Type: research
Corrigendum to “Voices in the mental lexicon: Words carry indexical information that can affect access to their meaning” [J. Memory Lang. 107 (2019) 111–127]
Publication date: Available online 24 June 2019Source: Journal of Memory and LanguageAuthor(s): Efthymia C. Kapnoula, Arthur G. Samuel (Source: Journal of Memory and Language)
Source: Journal of Memory and Language - June 25, 2019 Category: Speech-Language Pathology Source Type: research
