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Translating What Works: A New Approach to Improve Diabetes Management
Conclusions: A novel decision support program improved A1c with little hypoglycemia. Use of this approach should allow primary care teams to keep patients well controlled, and reduce the need for specialist referrals. (Source: Journal of Diabetes Science and Technology)
Source: Journal of Diabetes Science and Technology - June 30, 2015 Category: Endocrinology Authors: Phillips, L. S., Barb, D., Yong, C., Tomolo, A. M., Jackson, S. L., Olson, D. E., Rhee, M. K., Duva, I. M., He, Q., Long, Q. Tags: Original Articles Source Type: research

Effects of 49 Different Rare Hb Variants on HbA1c Measurement in Eight Methods
Background: Previous studies have shown interference with HbA1c measurement from the 4 most common heterozygous Hb variants (HbAS, HbAE, HbAC, and HbAD) with some assay methods. Here we examine analytical interference from 49 different less common variants with 7 different HbA1c methods using various method principles. Methods: Hb variants were screened using the Bio-Rad Variant or Variant II beta thal short program, confirmed by alkaline and acid electrophoresis, and identified by sequence analysis. The Trinity ultra2 boronate affinity high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) method and Roche Tinaquant immunoassay w...
Source: Journal of Diabetes Science and Technology - June 30, 2015 Category: Endocrinology Authors: Little, R. R., La'ulu, S. L., Hanson, S. E., Rohlfing, C. L., Schmidt, R. L. Tags: Original Articles Source Type: research

Interactive Exposure With a Blood Glucose Monitor With a Novel Glucose Color Range Indicator Is Associated With Improved Glucose Range Interpretation and Awareness in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes
Conclusion: A short interactive session with a meter including a CRI feature improved the ability of T2DM subjects to interpret and categorize BG values into recommended ranges. (Source: Journal of Diabetes Science and Technology)
Source: Journal of Diabetes Science and Technology - June 30, 2015 Category: Endocrinology Authors: Grady, M., Warren, G., Levy, B. L., Katz, L. B. Tags: Original Articles Source Type: research

Pharmacokinetic Model of the Transport of Fast-Acting Insulin From the Subcutaneous and Intradermal Spaces to Blood
Pharmacokinetic (PK) models describing the transport of insulin from the injection site to blood assist clinical decision making and are part of in silico platforms for developing and testing of insulin delivery strategies for treatment of patients with diabetes. The ability of these models to accurately describe all facets of the in vivo insulin transport is therefore critical for their application. Here, we propose a new model of fast-acting insulin analogs transport from the subcutaneous and intradermal spaces to blood that can accommodate clinically observed biphasic appearance and delayed clearance of injected insulin...
Source: Journal of Diabetes Science and Technology - June 30, 2015 Category: Endocrinology Authors: Lv, D., Kulkarni, S. D., Chan, A., Keith, S., Pettis, R., Kovatchev, B. P., Farhi, L. S., Breton, M. D. Tags: Original Articles Source Type: research

Subcutaneous Injection Depth Does Not Affect the Pharmacokinetics or Glucodynamics of Insulin Lispro in Normal Weight or Healthy Obese Subjects
Conclusions: Injection depths in the 5-8 mm range did not affect the PK or GD of insulin lispro in normal weight or obese subjects. (Source: Journal of Diabetes Science and Technology)
Source: Journal of Diabetes Science and Technology - June 30, 2015 Category: Endocrinology Authors: de la Pena, A., Yeo, K. P., Linnebjerg, H., Catton, E., Reddy, S., Brown-Augsburger, P., Morrow, L., Ignaut, D. A. Tags: Original Articles Source Type: research

Mixing Pens and the Future of Diabetes Drugs
With the availability of a smaller mixing pen, mass marketing of less stable medications is possible. Bidureon is one such medication, and the properties of its pen are discussed along with the prospects for future mixing pens. (Source: Journal of Diabetes Science and Technology)
Source: Journal of Diabetes Science and Technology - June 30, 2015 Category: Endocrinology Authors: Ginsberg, B. H. Tags: Original Articles Source Type: research

Evaluation of the Dual-Chamber Pen Design for the Injection of Exenatide Once Weekly for the Treatment of Type 2 Diabetes
Conclusion: With self-education or minimal training, participants accurately and precisely suspended, mixed, and delivered exenatide-containing microspheres using the dual-chamber pen with high ease-of-use scores. The dual-chamber pen was FDA-approved in February 2014. (Source: Journal of Diabetes Science and Technology)
Source: Journal of Diabetes Science and Technology - June 30, 2015 Category: Endocrinology Authors: LaRue, S., Malloy, J. Tags: Original Articles Source Type: research

Addition of a Gastrointestinal Microbiome Modulator to Metformin Improves Metformin Tolerance and Fasting Glucose Levels
Conclusion: Combining a GI microbiome modulator with metformin might allow the greater use of metformin in T2D patients and improve treatment of the disease. (Source: Journal of Diabetes Science and Technology)
Source: Journal of Diabetes Science and Technology - June 30, 2015 Category: Endocrinology Authors: Burton, J. H., Johnson, M., Johnson, J., Hsia, D. S., Greenway, F. L., Heiman, M. L. Tags: Original Articles Source Type: research

Rate-of-Change Dependence of the Performance of Two CGM Systems During Induced Glucose Swings
Conclusions: Both systems were affected by rapidly changing BG concentrations to some degree, although system B was mostly unaffected by decreasing BG concentrations. It would seem that technological advancements in CGM systems might allow for a more precise tracking of BG concentrations even at rapidly changing BG concentrations. (Source: Journal of Diabetes Science and Technology)
Source: Journal of Diabetes Science and Technology - June 30, 2015 Category: Endocrinology Authors: Pleus, S., Schoemaker, M., Morgenstern, K., Schmelzeisen-Redeker, G., Haug, C., Link, M., Zschornack, E., Freckmann, G. Tags: Original Articles Source Type: research

How to Assess the Quality of Glucose Clamps? Evaluation of Clamps Performed With ClampArt, a Novel Automated Clamp Device
Conclusions: The selected parameters seem to be adequate to characterize clamp quality. The novel, fully automated clamp device ClampArt achieves high clamp quality, which in future trials should be compared with other (automated and manual) clamp methods. (Source: Journal of Diabetes Science and Technology)
Source: Journal of Diabetes Science and Technology - June 30, 2015 Category: Endocrinology Authors: Benesch, C., Heise, T., Klein, O., Heinemann, L., Arnolds, S. Tags: Original Articles Source Type: research

Why Have So Many Intravascular Glucose Monitoring Devices Failed?
Secondary to the inherent limitations of both point-of-care and central laboratory glucose technologies, continuous glucose measurement has recently enjoyed a high level of investment. Because of the perceived advantages by some of measuring in the intravascular space compared to the subcutaneous tissue, a number of technologies have been developed. In this review, we evaluate nine systems that have shown promise, although only one of these has been cleared for sale in the United States. The detection methodology, regulatory status, technical issues, and company circumstance surrounding each technology are examined. (Sourc...
Source: Journal of Diabetes Science and Technology - June 30, 2015 Category: Endocrinology Authors: Smith, J. L., Rice, M. J. Tags: Original Articles Source Type: research

Fully Implantable Arterial Blood Glucose Device for Metabolic Research Applications in Rats for Two Months
Conclusions: This device provides significant advantages in the quality and quantity of data that can be obtained relative to existing alternatives such as intermittent blood sampling. These devices provide the opportunity to expand the understanding of both glucose metabolism and homeostasis and to work toward improved therapies and cures for diabetes. (Source: Journal of Diabetes Science and Technology)
Source: Journal of Diabetes Science and Technology - June 30, 2015 Category: Endocrinology Authors: Brockway, R., Tiesma, S., Bogie, H., White, K., Fine, M., O'Farrell, L., Michael, M., Cox, A., Coskun, T. Tags: Original Articles Source Type: research

Use of an Intravascular Fluorescent Continuous Glucose Sensor in ICU Patients
Conclusions: The GluCath System exhibited acceptable accuracy when deployed in a radial artery for up to 48 hours in ICU patients after elective cardiac surgery. Accuracy of venous deployment was substantially lower with significant rates of intravascular thrombus observed using ultrasound. (Source: Journal of Diabetes Science and Technology)
Source: Journal of Diabetes Science and Technology - June 30, 2015 Category: Endocrinology Authors: Strasma, P. J., Finfer, S., Flower, O., Hipszer, B., Kosiborod, M., Macken, L., Sechterberger, M., van der Voort, P. H. J., DeVries, J. H., Joseph, J. I. Tags: Original Articles Source Type: research

The Development of a Continuous Intravascular Glucose Monitoring Sensor
Conclusions: The GlySure CIGM System has met the design challenges of measuring intravascular glucose concentrations in critically ill patients with acceptable safety and performance criteria and without disrupting current clinical practice. The accuracy of the data is not affected by the patients’ condition. (Source: Journal of Diabetes Science and Technology)
Source: Journal of Diabetes Science and Technology - June 30, 2015 Category: Endocrinology Authors: Crane, B. C., Barwell, N. P., Gopal, P., Gopichand, M., Higgs, T., James, T. D., Jones, C. M., Mackenzie, A., Mulavisala, K. P., Paterson, W. Tags: Original Articles Source Type: research

Multicenter Observational Study of the First-Generation Intravenous Blood Glucose Monitoring System in Hospitalized Patients
Conclusions: The IVBG system is an automated and user-friendly glucose monitoring system that provides accurate and frequent BG measurements with great potential to improve the safety and efficacy of insulin therapy and BG control in the hospital, potentially leading to improved clinical outcomes. (Source: Journal of Diabetes Science and Technology)
Source: Journal of Diabetes Science and Technology - June 30, 2015 Category: Endocrinology Authors: Bochicchio, G. V., Hipszer, B. R., Magee, M. F., Bergenstal, R. M., Furnary, A. P., Gulino, A. M., Higgins, M. J., Simpson, P. C., Joseph, J. I. Tags: Original Articles Source Type: research