Localization of AMPA, kainate, and NMDA receptor mRNAs in the pigeon cerebellum
Publication date: Available online 9 April 2019Source: Journal of Chemical NeuroanatomyAuthor(s): Atoji Yasuro, Sarkar SonjoyAbstractIn the present study, we investigated the location of mRNA for three types of ionotropic glutamate receptors (iGluRs) in the pigeon cerebellum and then compared the results with those of mammals. The following nine iGluRs subunits were analyzed by in situ hybridization: AMPA receptors (GluA1, GluA2, GluA3, and GluA4), kainate receptors (GluK1, GluK2, and GluK4), and NMDA receptors (GluN1 and GluN2 A). Subunit hybridization revealed expression in different cell types of the cerebellar cortex...
Source: Journal of Chemical Neuroanatomy - April 10, 2019 Category: Neuroscience Source Type: research
BACE1-AS prevents BACE1 mRNA degradation through the sequestration of BACE1-targeting miRNAs
In this study, we reveal that BACE1-AS shares many miRNA-response elements with BACE1. The overexpression of BACE1-AS results in the repression of miRNAs that target BACE1, thus preventing BACE1 mRNA from being degraded. The knockdown of BACE1-AS increases the levels of these miRNAs, thereby reducing the expression of BACE1. Thus, BACE1-AS functions as a competing endogenous RNA (ceRNA). Our results also deepen the understanding of the regulation of BACE1 by BACE1-AS. In addition to increasing the stability of BACE1 mRNA through the formation of RNA duplexes, BACE1-AS can regulate BACE1 indirectly by acting as a ceRNA. The...
Source: Journal of Chemical Neuroanatomy - April 7, 2019 Category: Neuroscience Source Type: research
Improvement in neurogenesis and memory function by administration of Passiflora incarnata L. extract applied to sleep disorder in rodent models
In conclusion, our results suggest that PF lead high hippocampal neurogenesis in the animals even in inherited sleep-disturbed animals. The increased hippocampal neurogenesis functionally enhanced memory and learning functions by repeated PF oral administration. These results identify PF as a potential therapy for enhancing memory functions and prevention of Alzheimer's disease through actions on the hippocampus. (Source: Journal of Chemical Neuroanatomy)
Source: Journal of Chemical Neuroanatomy - April 7, 2019 Category: Neuroscience Source Type: research
Improvement in neurogenesis and memory function by administration of Passiflora incarnate L. extract applied to sleep disorder in rodent models
In conclusion, our results suggest that PF lead high hippocampal neurogenesis in the animals even in inherited sleep-disturbed animals. The increased hippocampal neurogenesis functionally enhanced memory and learning functions by repeated PF oral administration. These results identify PF as a potential therapy for enhancing memory functions and prevention of Alzheimer's disease through actions on the hippocampus. (Source: Journal of Chemical Neuroanatomy)
Source: Journal of Chemical Neuroanatomy - April 4, 2019 Category: Neuroscience Source Type: research
Melanin-concentrating hormone receptor-1 is located in primary cilia of the dorsal raphe neurons
Publication date: Available online 31 March 2019Source: Journal of Chemical NeuroanatomyAuthor(s): SofÃa Niño-Rivero, Pablo Torterolo, Patricia LagosAbstractThe melanin-concentrating hormone (MCH) is a peptidergic neuromodulator synthesized by neurons of the posterior hypothalamus and incerto-hypothalamic area. These neurons project throughout the central nervous system, including the dorsal raphe nucleus (DRN). In rodents, MCH exerts its biological functions through the MCHR-1 receptor. We previously demonstrated that intra-DRN MCH administration increases REM sleep time and induces a pro-depressive behavior. We also de...
Source: Journal of Chemical Neuroanatomy - April 1, 2019 Category: Neuroscience Source Type: research
BMP6 expression in the adult rat central nervous system
Publication date: Available online 27 March 2019Source: Journal of Chemical NeuroanatomyAuthor(s): Yutaro Hayashi, Sumiko Mikawa, Chikara Ogawa, Kazuma Masumoto, Fuminori Katou, Kohji SatoAbstractBMP6, a member of the TGF-β superfamily, is known to be involved in many diseases, such as Alzheimer’s disease, suggesting that BMP6 plays pivotal roles in the central nervous system (CNS), however, there’s no information about the distribution of BMP6 in the adult CNS. Therefore, we investigated BMP6 expression in the CNS using immunohistochemistry. BMP6 was intensely expressed in most neurons and their axons. Furthermore, w...
Source: Journal of Chemical Neuroanatomy - March 28, 2019 Category: Neuroscience Source Type: research
Editorial Board
Publication date: April 2019Source: Journal of Chemical Neuroanatomy, Volume 97Author(s): (Source: Journal of Chemical Neuroanatomy)
Source: Journal of Chemical Neuroanatomy - March 20, 2019 Category: Neuroscience Source Type: research
The effects of epothilone D on microtubule degradation and delayed neuronal death in the hippocampus following transient global ischemia
This study examined the effects of pre- and postischemic treatment with different doses of EpoD on the microtubule damage and the delayed neuronal death in the hippocampal CA1 subfield on day 2 following reperfusion after 13-min global cerebral ischemia. Our results showed that systemic treatment with 0.5 mg/kg EpoD only slightly alleviated the microtubule disruption and the CA1 neuronal death, while treatment with 3.0 mg/kg EpoD was not only ineffective against the CA1 neuronal death, but also produced additional damage in the dentate gyrus in some ischemic rats. Since the pyramidal cells in the CA1 subfield and the g...
Source: Journal of Chemical Neuroanatomy - March 12, 2019 Category: Neuroscience Source Type: research
Human Placental Extract Ameliorates Cytokine and Cytokine Receptor Signaling in the Rat Hippocampus upon Benzo[α]Pyrene Exposure
Publication date: Available online 9 March 2019Source: Journal of Chemical NeuroanatomyAuthor(s): Rajeshwari Parida, Sanjay Das, Trichur R. Raju, Talakad N. SathyaprabhaAbstractBenzo[alpha]Pyrene (B[a]P) causes toxicity via Cytochrome P450 1A1 (CYP1A1) metabolic activity in the brain. Studies have shown that neuronal IL-2 and TNF-α are associated with the hippocampus development and regulation, but their association with the CYP1A1 activity remains unidentified. Limited action of human placental extract (HPE) in the activation of tissue repair and wound healing is known, but their role in B[a]P clearance in the hippocampu...
Source: Journal of Chemical Neuroanatomy - March 10, 2019 Category: Neuroscience Source Type: research
Automatic Ground Truth for Deep Learning Stereology of Immunostained Neurons and Microglia in Mouse Neocortex
We report that the throughput efficiency of using ASA to automatically annotate images of Iba1 microglia is more than 5 times greater than that of manual stereology counts of the same sections. Moreover, we show that ASA is significantly more accurate in counting microglia cells than a moderately experienced data collector (about 10% higher overall accuracy) when both were compared to counts by an expert neurohistologist. Thus, the ASA method applied to EDF images from disector stacks can be extremely useful to automate and increase the accuracy of cell counts, which could be especially helpful and cost-effective when expe...
Source: Journal of Chemical Neuroanatomy - March 4, 2019 Category: Neuroscience Source Type: research
Variable Colocalisation of GABAA receptor subunits and Glycine Receptors on Neurons in the Human Hypoglossal Nucleus
Publication date: Available online 27 February 2019Source: Journal of Chemical NeuroanatomyAuthor(s): H.J. Waldvogel, F.M. Biggins, A. Singh, C.J. Arasaratnam, R.L.M. FaullAbstractThe hypoglossal nucleus, the nucleus of the twelfth cranial nerve, is located dorsally in the midline of the medulla oblongata. The hypoglossal nucleus contains lower motor neurons which innervate the tongue muscles that control tongue movements involved in speech production, swallowing, mastication and associated respiratory movements. GABAA and glycine receptors are heteropentameric ionotropic receptors that facilitate fast-response, inhibitory...
Source: Journal of Chemical Neuroanatomy - February 28, 2019 Category: Neuroscience Source Type: research
Subcommissural organ–Reissner’s fiber complex plasticity in two animal models of copper intoxication and modulatory effect of curcumin: Involvement of serotonin
Publication date: April 2019Source: Journal of Chemical Neuroanatomy, Volume 97Author(s): Abdellatif Abbaoui, Lahcen Tamegart, Radouane El Fari, Halima GamraniAbstractMetal neurotoxicity is a universal health preoccupation. Previous data revealed an obvious neurochemical impairment induced by metal elements as copper. This investigation was conducted to study the subcommissural organ (SCO) response to acute and subchronic Cu exposure as well as its serotoninergic innervation in Wistar rats, and the probable protective potential of curcumin in these toxicological circumstances. By mean of immunohistochemistry using antibodi...
Source: Journal of Chemical Neuroanatomy - February 23, 2019 Category: Neuroscience Source Type: research
Conditioned medium obtained from mesenchymal stem cells attenuates focal cerebral ischemia reperfusion injury through activation of ERK1/ERK2-BDNF signaling pathway
This study was conducted to investigate if CM obtained from MSCs gives rise to neuroprotection by targeting neurogenesis. To induce focal cerebral ischemia in rats, middle cerebral artery (MCA) was occluded for 1 h and the amniotic mesenchymal stem cells-conditioned medium (AMSC-CM) at the dose of 0.5 μl was administered 30 min after reperfusion by stereotactic intracerebral infusion. The animals were randomly divided into three groups: sham operated animals received all procedures except occlusion of MCA (sham, n = 12), I/R group only received occlusion of MCA (MCAO, n = 17), treatment group received MCAOâ€...
Source: Journal of Chemical Neuroanatomy - February 19, 2019 Category: Neuroscience Source Type: research
Up-regulation of TREM2 Accelerates the Reduction of Amyloid Deposits and Promotes Neuronal Regeneration in the Hippocampus of Amyloid Beta1-42 Injected Mice
Publication date: Available online 18 February 2019Source: Journal of Chemical NeuroanatomyAuthor(s): Yubao Fan, Yuxin Ma, Weiling Huang, Xiaohui Cheng, Ningxin Gao, Guoying Li, Sumin TianAbstractAlzheimer’s disease (AD) is characterized by a robust inflammatory response elicited by the accumulation and subsequently deposition of amyloid beta (Aβ) within the brain. The immune cells of brain migrate to and invest their processes within Aβ plaques and clear plaques from the brain. Previous studies have shown that treatment of myeloid cell with nuclear factor inhibitor increases expression of phagocytesis-related genes, s...
Source: Journal of Chemical Neuroanatomy - February 19, 2019 Category: Neuroscience Source Type: research
Subcommissural organ–Reissner’s fiber complex plasticity in tow animal models of copper intoxication and modulatory effect of curcumin: Involvement of serotonin
Publication date: Available online 19 February 2019Source: Journal of Chemical NeuroanatomyAuthor(s): Abdellatif Abbaoui, Lahcen Tamegart, Radouane El Fari, Halima GamraniAbstractMetal neurotoxicity is a universal health preoccupation. Previous data revealed an obvious neurochemical impairment induced by metal elements as copper. This investigation was conducted to study the subcommissural organ (SCO) response to acute and subchronic Cu exposure as well as its serotoninergic innervation in Wistar rats, and the probable protective potential of curcumin in these toxicological circumstances. By mean of immunohistochemistry us...
Source: Journal of Chemical Neuroanatomy - February 19, 2019 Category: Neuroscience Source Type: research
