Major Depressive Episodes and Mortality in the Canadian Household Population
Major depressive disorder is associated with increased all-cause mortality, but the strength of this association depends strongly on study design and covariate adjustments made in the individual studies. For example, an early review (Wulsin et al., 1999) noted that studies comparing patients hospitalized for depression to members of the general population (with adjustment for age and sex) have tended to find strongly elevated mortality ratios (on average 2.7) whereas studies of community samples have found weaker effects, in the range of 1.2 to 1.7. (Source: Journal of Affective Disorders)
Source: Journal of Affective Disorders - August 13, 2018 Category: Neurology Authors: Scott B. Patten, Jeanne VA Williams, Andrew GM Bulloch Tags: Research paper Source Type: research
Understanding suicide: Focusing on its mechanisms through a lithium lens
A global target of 10% reduction in suicide by 2020 and 50% by 2023 has been set by the World Health Organisation (WHO; World Health Organization, 2014) because, despite concerted, multifaceted efforts, the rate of reduction in suicide has been dishearteningly slow. Part of the reason for this is the complexity of suicide and its multifactorial aetiology. Hence, a deeper understanding of its underlying mechanisms and th e processes that drive suicidal behaviour is crucial for the development of effective preventative strategies. (Source: Journal of Affective Disorders)
Source: Journal of Affective Disorders - August 13, 2018 Category: Neurology Authors: Gin S Malhi, Pritha Das, Tim Outhred, Lauren Irwin, Grace Morris, Amber Hamilton, Katie Lynch, Zola Mannie Tags: Research paper Source Type: research
Estimated prevalence and associated risk factors of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) among medical college students in a Chinese population
Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is an early-onset neurodevelopmental disorder (Clauss-Ehlers, 2010; Sroubek et al., 2013). It features the symptoms of attention deficit, excessive activity, or difficulty in controlling age-inappropriate behaviors (American Psychiatric Association, 2013). A formal diagnosis of ADHD meets these criteria: symptoms occur before twelve years of age, persist for more than six months, and cause functional impairments in at least two settings (such as school, home, or community) (American Psychiatric Association, 2013). (Source: Journal of Affective Disorders)
Source: Journal of Affective Disorders - August 12, 2018 Category: Neurology Authors: Yanmei Shen, Bella Siu Man Chan, Jianbo Liu, Fanchao Meng, Tingyu Yang, Yuqiong He, Jianping Lu, Xuerong Luo, Xiang Yang Zhang Tags: Research paper Source Type: research
The role of optimism in the relationship between job stress and depressive symptoms. Longitudinal findings from the German Ageing Survey
Stress, and in particular job stress, is a psychological issue and a widespread phenomenon caused by work characteristics as well as personal characteristics which leads to adverse health outcomes (Shields, 2006, Iacovides et al., 2003). Stress outcomes like fatigue, heart disease, depression, diabetes and burnout were discussed in previous literature (Cohen and Herbert, 1996, Iacovides et al., 2003, Melchior et al., 2007). Special emphasis is put on depressive disorders because estimations showed that over the course of one year about 8.9% of the working population aged 15 to 65 in Germany fulfill all criteria for a depre...
Source: Journal of Affective Disorders - August 11, 2018 Category: Neurology Authors: E.V. Romswinkel, H.-H. K önig, A. Hajek Tags: Research paper Source Type: research
Treating a broader range of depressed adolescents with combined therapy
Among young people, major depression accounts for a substantial portion of the burden of disease (Gore et al., 2011; Merikangas et al., 2010). Furthermore, depression has a variety of adverse effects, both immediately and in adulthood. In particular, depression during adolescence is associated with an increased risk for depression and other psychopathology in adulthood (Fergusson and Woodward, 2002; Jones, 2013; Rutter et al., 2006); an increased risk for self-harm and suicidal behaviors (Fergusson and Woodward, 2002; Gould et al., 1998; Hawton et al., 2012; Thapar et al., 2012); an increased risk for reduced social...
Source: Journal of Affective Disorders - August 11, 2018 Category: Neurology Authors: Simon Foster, Prof. Meichun Mohler-Kuo Tags: Research paper Source Type: research
Cerebral Blood Flow in Bipolar Disorder: A Systematic Review
Bipolar Disorder (BD) is a severe chronic impairing condition whose burden is associated with recurrent mood episodes, neurocognitive dysfunction as well as psychiatric comorbidity such as anxiety and substance use disorder(Grande et al., 2016). Despite an increased risk of suicide, cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the leading cause of mortality in BD, with a mortality rate ratio of over two and an occurrence of mortality over ten years earlier than in the general population(Schaffer et al., 2015; Westman et al., 2013). (Source: Journal of Affective Disorders)
Source: Journal of Affective Disorders - August 11, 2018 Category: Neurology Authors: Simina Toma, Bradley J. MacIntosh, Walter Swardfager, Benjamin I. Goldstein Source Type: research
Abnormal metabolite concentrations and amygdala volume in patients with recent-onset posttraumatic stress disorder
Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is a psychiatric disorder affecting people who are exposed to extraordinary distress events, whose main symptoms are reliving the traumatic event, avoiding trauma-related cues, negative alterations in thinking and feeling, and hyperarousal (American Psychiatric Association, 2013). The lifetime prevalence of PTSD is reported as 2% to 9% (Bisson et al., 2015). Patients with PTSD are at increased risk of suicide, which is as high as 13% in one study of 431 veterans (Jakupcak et al., 2010; Sareen et al., 2007). (Source: Journal of Affective Disorders)
Source: Journal of Affective Disorders - August 11, 2018 Category: Neurology Authors: Xiaorui Su, Chunchao Xia, Weina Wang, Huaiqiang Sun, Qiaoyue Tan, Simin Zhang, LingJiang Li, Graham J. Kemp, Qiang Yue, Qiyong Gong Tags: Research paper Source Type: research
High Risk of Depression, Anxiety, and Poor Quality of Life among Experienced Fathers, But Not Mothers: A Prospective Longitudinal Study
Adapting to drastic changes in the biological, psychological, and social domains during pregnancy and postpartum periods increases the risk of psychological difficulties, including depression and anxiety, in women (O'Hara and Wisner, 2014). Transitioning to fatherhood may also cause stress in men throughout the perinatal period (Garfield et al., 2006), thus leading to depression and anxiety, with patterns similar to those observed in women (Teixeira et al., 2009; Wang and Chen, 2006). Whereas depression affects 17.2% of women during pregnancy and 13.1% during postpartum periods (Underwood et al., 2016), 10.4% of me...
Source: Journal of Affective Disorders - August 11, 2018 Category: Neurology Authors: Yi-Han Chen, Jian-Pei Huang, Heng-Kien Au, Yi-Hua Chen Tags: Research paper Source Type: research
Editorial Board
(Source: Journal of Affective Disorders)
Source: Journal of Affective Disorders - August 10, 2018 Category: Neurology Source Type: research
Farming habit, light exposure, physical activity, and depressive symptoms. A Cross-Sectional Study of the HEIJO-KYO Cohort
Over 10% of the population experiences major depression at some point during their lifespans, according to a cross-national comparison among 18 countries with high incomes (14.5%) and low to middle-incomes (11.1%) (Kessler and Bromet, 2013). Depression is an important risk factor related to suicide (Nordentoft et al., 2011) and cardiovascular disease (Batelaan et al., 2016; Musselman et al., 1998). In addition, depression causes the largest non-fatal burden, according to the Global Burden of Disease study in 20 00 (Ustun et al., 2004). (Source: Journal of Affective Disorders)
Source: Journal of Affective Disorders - August 10, 2018 Category: Neurology Authors: Yuji Asai, Kenji Obayashi, Masataka Oume, Moe Ogura, Katsuya Takeuchi, Yuki Yamagami, Yoshiaki Tai, Norio Kurumatani, Keigo Saeki Tags: Research paper Source Type: research
Repetitive negative thinking as a predictor of depression and anxiety: A longitudinal cohort study
Repetitive, prolonged, and recurrent thought (such as worry, rumination, reflection, and problem solving) is part of the human condition and can have both unconstructive and constructive consequences (see Watkins (2008) for an extensive overview). Unconstructive repetitive negative thinking as related to emotional problems has been defined as a style of thinking about one's problems or negative experiences that is repetitive, intrusive, and difficult to disengage from (Ehring and Watkins, 2008; Watkins, 2008). (Source: Journal of Affective Disorders)
Source: Journal of Affective Disorders - August 10, 2018 Category: Neurology Authors: Philip Spinhoven, Albert M. van Hemert, Brenda W. Penninx Tags: Research paper Source Type: research
A review of the neurobiological underpinning of comorbid substance use and mood disorders
There have been previous attempts to describe models that could explain the interrelationship between substance use (SUDs) and mood disorders. However, the neurobiological basis of these dual diagnoses remains unclear. Four predominant hypotheses assist in explaining the interrelationship. The self-medication hypothesis considers drug use to be the result of an attempt to alleviate pre-existing symptoms of a mental disorder (Markou et al., 1998, Khantzian, 1985); while a second hypothesis argues that repeated drug administration leads to a neuronal adaptation in brain areas mediating mental illness (McEwen, 2000, Markou et...
Source: Journal of Affective Disorders - August 10, 2018 Category: Neurology Authors: Nieves G ómez-Coronado, Rickinder Sethi, Chiara Cristina Bortolasci, Lauren Arancini, Michael Berk, Seetal Dodd Source Type: research
Lithium-associated anterior cingulate neurometabolic profile in euthymic bipolar i disorder: a 1h-mrs study
The neurobiology of bipolar disorder (BD) has not been fully elucidated, although some part of the knowledge about its neurobiology has emerged from studies on lithium's mechanism of action as a first-line mood stabilizer (Yatham et al., 2013). Modern neuroimaging techniques, such as proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy (1H-MRS), allow in vivo measurement of three non-glutamatergic brain metabolites implicated in both the neurobiology of BD and lithium ´s mechanisms of action: N-acetylaspartate (NAA) (a neuronal marker), Myo-Inositol (mI) (a glia cell marker) and Choline (Cho) (a membrane cell marker) (Berridge, 1989; S...
Source: Journal of Affective Disorders - August 10, 2018 Category: Neurology Authors: Marcio Gerhardt Soeiro-de-Souza, Maria Concepcion Garcia Otaduy, Rodrigo Machado-Vieira, Ricardo Alberto Moreno, Fabiano G. Nery, Claudia Leite, Beny Lafer Source Type: research
Sense of Coherence, Burden and Mental Health in Caregiving: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Increasing life expectancy and current trends in population aging is leading to higher levels of dependency for older people through a rise of disabilities leading to increases in care and resources to meet care demands (OECD, 2013). Most of this care is delivered by unpaid carers generally women, referred to in the literature as informal carers (Del-Pino-Casado et al., 2011). Caring for a dependent person has negative effects on carers ’ physical and psychological health, and is associated with high levels of subjective burden, posing carers at increased risk of experiencing clinically significant symptoms of depression...
Source: Journal of Affective Disorders - August 9, 2018 Category: Neurology Authors: Rafael del-Pino-Casado, A ída Espinosa-Medina, Catalina López-Martínez, Vasiliki Orgeta Tags: Review article Source Type: research
Mental health and psychosocial problems among Chinese left-behind children: a cross-sectional comparative study
The past three decades of modernization and urbanization in China have created a surge of migrant laborers, with increasing numbers of young adults and couples migrating from rural areas to find work in large cities, usually far from their hometowns. These adults usually do not take their children with them because of high living costs and barriers to educational services and medical care. This phenomenon has created large numbers of children who have been left behind(LBC) in the care of one parent, relative or others while the other parent or both parents become migrant workers(Ye and Murray, 2005). (Source: Journal of Affective Disorders)
Source: Journal of Affective Disorders - August 9, 2018 Category: Neurology Authors: Wanjie Tang, Gang Wang, Tao Hu, Qian Dai, Jiajun Xu, Yanchun Yang, Jiuping Xu Tags: Research paper Source Type: research
