Jornal Brasileiro de Patologia e Medicina Laboratorial This is an RSS file. You can use it to subscribe to this data in your favourite RSS reader or to display this data on your own website or blog.

Antimicrobial susceptibility profile of enterotoxigenic and enteropathogenic Escherichia coli isolates obtained from fecal specimens of children with acute diarrhea
In this study, the antimicrobial susceptibility profile of 98 enterotoxigenic E. coli (ETEC) and enteropathogenic E. coli (EPEC) strains isolated from fecal specimens of children with acute diarrhea was evaluated. The resistance rates to ampicillin, sulfamethoxazole/trimethoprim, amoxicillin/clavulanate, and nalidixic acid were high, ranging from 34.7% to 10.2%. The result of this research recommends the use of cefotaxime and ceftriaxone for the empirical treatment of children with acute diarrhea which the etiology suggested is ETEC or EPEC.RESUMO Entre as doen ças cuja etiopatogenia está associada à Escherichia coli, d...
Source: Jornal Brasileiro de Patologia e Medicina Laboratorial - May 19, 2017 Category: Pathology Source Type: research

Quality control of the slides by Kato-Katz method for the parasitological diagnosis of schistosomiasis infection by Schistosoma mansoni
Conclusion: This study provides the laboratory which performs the diagnosis of schistosomiasis using the Kato-Katz method with parameters to implement a diagnostic service that can be evaluated internally and externally. The establishment of a quality protocol enables the comparison of data and the identification of failures in the operational procedure, which can be corrected by training personnel and taking actions for the problems identified.RESUMO Introdu ção: O Kato-Katz é o método laboratorial adotado pelo Ministério da Saúde (MS) e pela Organização Mundial da Saúde (OMS) como padrão-ouro para o diagnósti...
Source: Jornal Brasileiro de Patologia e Medicina Laboratorial - May 19, 2017 Category: Pathology Source Type: research

Report of a patient with fragile X syndrome unexpectedly identified by karyotype analysis
ABSTRACT Fragile X syndrome is considered the main known cause of inherited learning disabilities and it is characterized by mutations in the FMR1 gene. Our aim was to report an unexpected detection of a patient with fragile X syndrome by GTG-Banding karyotype analysis (G-bands after trypsin and Giemsa). The karyotype analysis identified Xq27.3 fragility in 17% of the metaphases analyzed and in 54% when using TC 199, consistent with the cytogenetic diagnosis of the syndrome. This case was the sole one to present the fra(X) tests in the high-resolution karyotype analysis in our care service, contributing to future diagnoses...
Source: Jornal Brasileiro de Patologia e Medicina Laboratorial - May 19, 2017 Category: Pathology Source Type: research

Evaluation of agreement between tests for the diagnosis of leprosy
Conclusion: The high sensitivity of PCR decreases the agreement with other tests.RESUMO Introdu ção: A hanseníase é uma doença infecciosa crônica causada pelo parasita intracelular Mycobacterium leprae. O diagnóstico é essencialmente clínico, com base em sintomas, exame da pele, nervos periféricos e história epidemiológica. Testes laboratoriais são realizados para complementar o r esultado de diagnóstico clínico, ou mesmo servindo como método de confirmação. Objetivo: Investigar a positividade e a concordância da baciloscopia, do ensaio de imunoadsorvente ligado à enzima (ELISA) com o antígeno sinté...
Source: Jornal Brasileiro de Patologia e Medicina Laboratorial - May 19, 2017 Category: Pathology Source Type: research

HBV and HCV serological markers in health professionals and users of the Brazilian Unified Health System network in the city of Resende, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
Conclusion: The prevalence of 0.68% for HCV and 3.08% for anti-HBc are below that detected in the Southeast region from the last census in the capitals of Brazil. There is still a reduced acceptance among health professi onals for HBV and HCV screening.RESUMO Introdu ção: As infecções causadas pelo vírus da hepatite B (VHB) e C (VHC) constituem grave problema de saúde pública. Objetivos: O estudo visou detectar os marcadores HBsAg, anti-HBc, anti-HBs e anti-VHC em profissionais de saúde e usuários do Sistema Único de Saúde (SUS) no município de Rese nde, Rio de Janeiro, bem como descrever o perfil sociodemogr...
Source: Jornal Brasileiro de Patologia e Medicina Laboratorial - May 19, 2017 Category: Pathology Source Type: research

Resistance of non-fermenting Gram-negative bacilli isolated from blood cultures from an emergency hospital
Conclusion: Screening of resistant NFGNB isolated, as well as greater attention to hospital-acquired infection control practices and epidemiological surveillance systems, in addition to continued care with regard to the targeted use of antibiotics can contribute to successful this battle against infections by these microorganisms.RESUMO Introdu ção: Os bacilos Gram-negativos não fermentadores (BGNNF) são um grupo heterogêneo de microrganismos que não possuem a capacidade de fermentar carboidratos como forma de obtenção de energia. Possuem mais de 120 espécies classificadas como patogênicas, destacando-se entre e...
Source: Jornal Brasileiro de Patologia e Medicina Laboratorial - May 19, 2017 Category: Pathology Source Type: research

Influence of obesity on the serum concentration of retinol-binding protein 4 (RBP4) in young adults
Conclusion: This study suggests that RBP4 may play a key role in the development of inflammation and IR in young obese individuals, as it may promote significant disturbances in insulin metabolism and may contribute to the development of obesity-related co-morbidities. This parameter can represent a hope in the identification of new inflammatory and IR markers to assist in the diagnosis and follow-up of overweight and obese patients.RESUMO Introdu ção: Na obesidade, ocorre inflamação crônica de baixo grau, na qual os macrófagos desempenham um papel importante na manutenção desta inflamação por produzirem sustân...
Source: Jornal Brasileiro de Patologia e Medicina Laboratorial - May 19, 2017 Category: Pathology Source Type: research

The tip of the iceberg: what is hidden under the fragile X
(Source: Jornal Brasileiro de Patologia e Medicina Laboratorial)
Source: Jornal Brasileiro de Patologia e Medicina Laboratorial - May 19, 2017 Category: Pathology Source Type: research

Applications of electron microscopy in health: the example of epidermolysis bullosa
We report the case of a patient with dystrophic epidermolysis bullosa (DEB) diagnosed by transmission electron microscopy (TEM), emphasizing the applications and importance of this technique in the health area. The patient was a male, the only child of young and non-consanguineous parents without similar cases in the family. The patient underwent a cutaneous biopsy in which TEM revealed sub-basal membrane involvement, confirming the diagnosis of DEB. Despite technological advances, TEM continues to play an important role in diagnosis and clinical research and is considered the best option for confirmation of diagnosis and ...
Source: Jornal Brasileiro de Patologia e Medicina Laboratorial - March 16, 2017 Category: Pathology Source Type: research

Acute lymphoblastic leukemia: primary bone manifestation with hypercalcemia in a child
ABSTRACT Primary bone manifestation associated with hypercalcemia is an infrequent presentation of acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) in children. An 8-year-old girl was admitted with bone and abdomen pain, vomiting, fever, headache, anemia, elevated serum calcium and normal parathyroid hormone levels. Bone radiographs: osteolytic lesions. Bone marrow biopsy showed an infiltration by ALL with immunohistochemical positivity for CD45, CD20, CD79a, TdT and CD10, clinically characterized by hypercalcemia, multifocal osteolytic lesions and single cytopenia. Bone marrow biopsy was a relevant aid in establishing the diagnosis of ...
Source: Jornal Brasileiro de Patologia e Medicina Laboratorial - March 16, 2017 Category: Pathology Source Type: research

Predominant overexpression of CD25/FOXP3, IFN-γ, and suppressive cytokines in high-grade lesion samples infected with human papillomavirus
Conclusion: The co-expression of CD25/FOXP3 and the expression of TGF- β , and IL-10 in HSIL samples suggest the existence of Treg cells in these locations, although IFN- γ expression was observed in several cells in these samples. Our data suggest that this cytokine could be related to immunosuppressed microenvironment maintenance, favoring the persistent HPV infection and the progression to carcinoma.RESUMO Introdu ção: A infecção persistente por papilomavírus humano (HPV) é a principal causa do câncer cervical e suas lesões precursoras, e a resposta imune inadequada está entre os fatores que contribuem para...
Source: Jornal Brasileiro de Patologia e Medicina Laboratorial - March 16, 2017 Category: Pathology Source Type: research

Tissue immunostaining of growth, pro- and anti-apoptotic biomarkers in myocardial samples from newborns with hypoxic injury
Conclusion: These data seem to strengthen the coordinated action of the pro-apoptotic, anti-apoptotic and cell growth biomarkers in the myocardium of hypoxic newborns in order to determine the degree of lesion or cell death and the tissue recovery capacity.RESUMO Introdu ção: Apesar da importância de novas descobertas em patofisiologia das doenças cardiovasculares para a saúde da população, ainda existe pouco conhecimento sobre como a hipóxia neonatal, relacionada ou não com a prematuridade, pode causar lesão celular nos cardiomiócitos no período perinat al e quais são as consequências para a vida adulta. O...
Source: Jornal Brasileiro de Patologia e Medicina Laboratorial - March 16, 2017 Category: Pathology Source Type: research

The measurement of serum osmolality and its application to clinical practice and laboratory: literature review
Conclusion: The measurement of serum osmolality is useful in cases of dehydration, sodium and potassium disorders, glucose alteration, exogenous poisoning, adrenal insufficiency, neurological injury, physical exercise and others.RESUMO Introdu ção: A osmolalidade sérica constitui um parâmetro laboratorial importante para compreensão de diversas desordens clínicas, como os distúrbios eletrolíticos, as intoxicações exógenas e o status de hidratação. Objetivo: Este trabalho visa atualizar os conhecimentos acerca do exame de osm olalidade por meio da pesquisa de artigos científicos publicados até a presente da...
Source: Jornal Brasileiro de Patologia e Medicina Laboratorial - March 16, 2017 Category: Pathology Source Type: research

Evaluation of cytokines in type 1 diabetes patients with and without retinopathy
Conclusion: Cytokines IL-6, TNF- α , IFN- γ and IL-10 presented a positive correlation among themselves, what suggests that they may act together in the development and progression of vascular complications in diabetes patients.RESUMO Introdu ção: O diabetes mellitus é considerado um dos maiores problemas de saúde pública no mundo; as numerosas complicações decorrentes dessa patologia são foco de grande preocupação, pois estão relacionadas com elevadas morbidade e mortalidade. Entre as complicações decorrentes do diabetes, a retinopatia diabética é considerada a complicação microvascular mais comum. ...
Source: Jornal Brasileiro de Patologia e Medicina Laboratorial - March 16, 2017 Category: Pathology Source Type: research

The frequency of βS-globin haplotypes in the state of Paraná, Brazil, and clinical manifestations of sickle cell anemia
Conclusion: In this study, no association was found between haplotypes and clinical manifestations, probably given the almost absolute predominance of CAR and BEN haplotypes. However, this fact alerts to the possible influence of other polymorphisms and miscegenation in the Brazilian population.RESUMO Introdu ção: A variabilidade nas manifestações clínicas da anemia falciforme (HbSS) pode ser influenciada pelos haplótipos no grupamento da globina β S, nomeados de acordo com a origem geogr áfica: República Centro-Africana (CAR), Benin (BEN), Senegal (SEN) Camarões (CAM) e árabe-indiano. Objetivo: Identificar h...
Source: Jornal Brasileiro de Patologia e Medicina Laboratorial - March 16, 2017 Category: Pathology Source Type: research