Thirty years on with an HIV epidemic in Zimbabwe (1985–2015)
Publication date: Available online 24 November 2015 Source:HIV & AIDS Review Author(s): Walter Chingwaru, Jerneja Vidmar Zimbabwe, like many of her neighbours, is going through an HIV epidemic since 1985. It is imperative to assess progress with epidemic over the past three decades. We conducted a systematic review of reports in Pubmed/ScienceDirect, and a number of sentinel surveillance reports published by local and international organisations that have dealt with HIV/AIDS in the country, including the National AIDS Council of Zimbabwe, Ministry of Health and Child Welfare of Zimbabwe, UNAIDS and World He...
Source: HIV and AIDS Review - November 25, 2015 Category: Infectious Diseases Source Type: research
Incidence of HIV infection in 15 local government areas within Osun State in South West Nigeria: A two year analysis
Publication date: Available online 18 November 2015 Source:HIV & AIDS Review Author(s): V.O. Mabayoje, C.A. Akinleye Aim To determine the incidence of HIV among the adult population of selected government areas in Osun State Nigeria. Background Osun State is one of the states in Nigeria with the lowest HIV rates in Nigeria. Figures for 2013 revealed 2.7%. It is important that this figure is monitored constantly to ensure it does not rise above this and to enable health care organizations make necessary and timely interventions if and when necessary. Also surveys such as this provide vital data for interna...
Source: HIV and AIDS Review - November 18, 2015 Category: Infectious Diseases Source Type: research
Echocardiographic assessment of left ventricular function in asymptomatic HIV patients: A single arm blinded study from north India
Conclusions Twenty-nine (29%) HIV cases in relatively advanced clinical stage had cardiac dysfunction on echocardiography without overt cardiac manifestations. The CD4 cell counts significantly correlated with the presence of diastolic dysfunction. (Source: HIV and AIDS Review)
Source: HIV and AIDS Review - October 1, 2015 Category: Infectious Diseases Source Type: research
Multiple spontaneous perforation of small bowel by Mycobacterium avium complex infection in an AIDS patient
We present a rare case of disseminated MAC infection that led to the multiple spontaneous perforation of small intestine in ileum and cecum. The patient deceased, despite immediate surgical intervention. Mycobacterium avium complex is an important cause of multiple, spontaneous small bowel perforation. We recommend administrating MAC prophylaxis in HIV positive patients who do not have access to HAART therapy. (Source: HIV and AIDS Review)
Source: HIV and AIDS Review - September 8, 2015 Category: Infectious Diseases Source Type: research
Mutational analysis of HIV-1 viral protein U at Ser52 and Ser56 among the HIV-1 infected patients of Manipur
Conclusion The overall finding of this study reveals that seryl residue of vpu at Ser52 and Ser56 was highly conserved among the HIV-1 infected individuals of the study population. (Source: HIV and AIDS Review)
Source: HIV and AIDS Review - August 21, 2015 Category: Infectious Diseases Source Type: research
Effects of stress on HIV infection progression
Publication date: Available online 19 August 2015 Source:HIV & AIDS Review Author(s): Jacek Kołodziej There is substantial body of evidence that psychosocial factors influence the disease progression in HIV infection. In particular, stress or stressful life events are considered important in terms of impacting the key biological markers of the disease – viral load and CD4 cell count. Both animal models and human research seem to prove that stance by examining various groups of patients (children and adults, males and females, MSM and heterosexual persons). There is no consensus as to the effects of stress-...
Source: HIV and AIDS Review - August 19, 2015 Category: Infectious Diseases Source Type: research
HIV-1 strategies to overcome the immune system by evading and invading innate immune system
Publication date: Available online 19 August 2015 Source:HIV & AIDS Review Author(s): Mohammad A.Y. Alqudah, Mahmoud M.M. Yaseen, Mohammad M.S. Yaseen HIV-1 infection is a major public health problem and an important cause of death among adults. In light of innate immune system being the first, rapid and nonspecific response, this highlights the importance of exploiting the active arms of innate immunity to eradicate the invader and triggering a more specific immune response, the adaptive immune system. Each type of cells in the innate immune system has a unique distribution and function in the body and t...
Source: HIV and AIDS Review - August 19, 2015 Category: Infectious Diseases Source Type: research
Possible role of tetracyclines on decreasing the accelerated aging process of well-controlled HIV patients on antiretroviral therapy
Publication date: Available online 5 August 2015 Source:HIV & AIDS Review Author(s): Martin Gnoni, Diana Otero, Scott Friedstrom, Steven Blatt, Julio Ramirez The aim of this study is to show the potential contribution of tetracyclines on decreasing the aging process of well-controlled HIV patients on antiretroviral therapy (ART). Chronic inflammation and immune activation play a significant role in the increase prevalence of non-AIDS defining illnesses, including cardiovascular, respiratory, neurologic, metabolic, renal and liver disease, along with different types of solid and hematologic cancers (ag...
Source: HIV and AIDS Review - August 6, 2015 Category: Infectious Diseases Source Type: research
Fatal systemic kaposi sarcoma in HIV-positive patient in the HAART-era
We report a dramatic diffuse form of KS in treatment-naïve patient. (Source: HIV and AIDS Review)
Source: HIV and AIDS Review - July 17, 2015 Category: Infectious Diseases Source Type: research
Transmission dynamics of Trichomonas vaginalis and HIV/AIDS coinfection
Conclusion Results from study shows that Trichomonas vaginalis and HIV fuel one another. Given the high costs of antiretroviral drugs in developing countries and the contribution Trichomonas vaginalis infections have on HIV transmissibility, treatment of Trichomonas Vaginalis infections may to a lesser extent help in the fight against the HIV/AIDS scouge. However, it is important to note that there is no single intervention of an STI (including periodic mass treatment of TV) that would significantly reduce HIV transmission. (Source: HIV and AIDS Review)
Source: HIV and AIDS Review - July 14, 2015 Category: Infectious Diseases Source Type: research
Evaluation of a rapid testing kit utilising saliva to detect HIV infection: An Indian perspective
Conclusion The combination of rapid testing technology and the use of an easily collected saliva sample offers an efficient and accurate alternative to conventional testing and can be appropriately applied to a variety of testing situations for the diagnosis of HIV infection. The technological aspects have been refined but the legal and ethical aspects need to be sorted out. (Source: HIV and AIDS Review)
Source: HIV and AIDS Review - July 3, 2015 Category: Infectious Diseases Source Type: research
The determinants of distress among HIV discordant couples
Conclusion The study concludes that emphasizing the distress reduction and healthy coping promotion strategies for HIV discordant couples. (Source: HIV and AIDS Review)
Source: HIV and AIDS Review - July 3, 2015 Category: Infectious Diseases Source Type: research
Healthcare seeking practices of People Living with HIV and AIDS (PLHIV) in Bangladesh
Conclusion The state should play an active role in providing HIV/AIDS health services for the PLHIV with the help of monitoring and assessing the integrative performances of health practitioners directed by health ministry and local administration. (Source: HIV and AIDS Review)
Source: HIV and AIDS Review - May 29, 2015 Category: Infectious Diseases Source Type: research
Alterations in memory B cell subsets upon immunization against Streptococcus pneumoniae in HIV-1 infected adults
Conclusion Vaccination with the 23-PPV has an immunological effect on certain B cell subsets like RM and ITS memory B cells, triggering alterations of their counts on peripheral blood of HIV-infected patients. Moreover, HAART intake has controversial implication in few of these memory B cell populations. (Source: HIV and AIDS Review)
Source: HIV and AIDS Review - May 29, 2015 Category: Infectious Diseases Source Type: research
The impact of the activities of Ghana AIDS Commission on new HIV infections in Ghana: An intervention time series analysis
Publication date: Available online 15 April 2015 Source:HIV & AIDS Review Author(s): Patrick Aboagye-Sarfo , Ute Mueller , James Cross The study examines the impact of Ghana AIDS Commission (GAC) activities on new HIV infections. Secondary data from 1 January 1996 to 31 December 2007 were obtained from the Ghana National AIDS Control Programme and Biostatistics Department of the Health Ministry. Intervention time series analysis was applied separately to the data from the northern and southern sectors due to data collection mechanism and location of two tertiary teaching hospitals. The impact of GAC activiti...
Source: HIV and AIDS Review - April 25, 2015 Category: Infectious Diseases Source Type: research
