Diagnostic Microbiology and Infectious Disease This is an RSS file. You can use it to subscribe to this data in your favourite RSS reader or to display this data on your own website or blog.

Prevalence of multiple infections and the risk of gastric adenocarcinoma development at earlier age
Helicobacter pylori and Epstein-Barr virus are well established infections for gastric cancer development. However, the role of cytomegalovirus alone or in combination with other infections is unclear. In this case-control study the prevalence of different infections was evaluated and their frequency was compared with clinicopathologic features among gastric cancer patients and normal volunteers from 2012 to 2017. Approximately two-third (61.9%) of the gastric cancer patients had at least one viral infection, while viral infection prevalence in normal volunteers was only 4.7% (P = 0.021). (Source: Diagnostic Microbiology a...
Source: Diagnostic Microbiology and Infectious Disease - May 11, 2018 Category: Microbiology Authors: Sadegh Fattahi, Novin Nikbakhsh, Hassan Taheri, Elham Ghadami, Mohadeseh Kosari-Monfared, Galia Amirbozorgi, Mohsen Asouri, Maryam Pilehchian-Langroudi, Mohammad Ranaee, Ali Akbar Samadani, Mahdi Paryan, Haleh Akhavan-Niaki Source Type: research

Characterization of group B Streptococcus isolated from sterile and non-sterile specimens in China
Group B Streptococcus (GBS) Is a Leading Cause of Invasive Neonatal Infections and Has Increasingly Been Associated with Invasive Diseases in Non-pregnant Adults. We Collected 113 GBS Isolates Recovered from Sterile and Non-sterile Specimens from seven Tertiary Hospitals in China between October 2014 and September 2016. Medical Records Were Retrospectively Reviewed and the Sequence Types, Serotypes, Virulence, and Antimicrobial Resistance Profiles of the Isolates Were Characterized and Correlated. (Source: Diagnostic Microbiology and Infectious Disease)
Source: Diagnostic Microbiology and Infectious Disease - May 10, 2018 Category: Microbiology Authors: Nie Shuping, Lu Xuedong, Jin Zhengjiang, Gao Juyi, Ma Dongli, Deng Jikui, Wu Xianglin, Hu Yan-Wei, Zheng Lei, Wang Qian Source Type: research

Sputum sample collected over a period of 5  h: A reliable procedure for early bactericidal activity studies
Our study was designed to test the hypothesis that an early morning sputum may be sufficient for calculation of early bactericidal activity (EBA). Patients underwent sputum collection randomly (spot, 5  h and 12 h) in consecutive days. The median CFU count in the spot samples group was 5.67 log10 CFU/mL compared to 6.17 log10 CFU/mL in 5 h and 6.23 log10 CFU/mL in 12 h samples. Inter-patient comparison showed low coefficient of variation for both 12 h (11%) and 5 h samples (10%). Intra patient samples analysis demonstrated that the median bacillary load variation (0.037 log10 CFU/mL and 0.022 log10 CFU/mL for 5...
Source: Diagnostic Microbiology and Infectious Disease - May 8, 2018 Category: Microbiology Authors: Cristina Paula do Nascimento, David Jamil Hadad, Luiz Guilherme Schmidt Castellani, Pedro Sousa de Almeida J únior, Reynaldo Dietze, Moises Palaci Source Type: research

Sputum sample collected over a period of 5hours: A reliable procedure for early bactericidal activity studies
Our study was designed to test the hypothesis that an early morning sputum may be sufficient for calculation of early bactericidal activity (EBA). Patients underwent sputum collection randomly (spot, 5hours and 12hours) in consecutive days. The median CFU count in the spot samples group was 5,67 log10 CFU/mL compared to 6,17 log10 CFU/mL in 5hours and 6,23 log10 CFU/mL in 12hours samples. Inter-patient comparison showed low coefficient of variation for both 12hours (11%) and 5hours samples (10%). (Source: Diagnostic Microbiology and Infectious Disease)
Source: Diagnostic Microbiology and Infectious Disease - May 8, 2018 Category: Microbiology Authors: Cristina Paula do Nascimento, David Jamil Hadad, Luiz Guilherme Schmidt Castellani, Pedro Sousa de Almeida J únior, Reynaldo Dietze, Moises Palaci Source Type: research

Use of Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption Ionization –Time of flight Mass Spectrometry to identify MLST clade 4 Clostridium difficile isolates
Clostridium difficile is the leading cause of health care-associated infections. Previous studies suggest that C. difficile MLST clade 4 strains with higher drug resistance rates constitute the major clone spreading in China. Thus development of a rapid and accurate typing method for these strains is needed to monitor the epidemiology of this clone and to guide clinical treatment. A total of 160 non-duplicate C. difficile isolates recovered from three large teaching hospitals in Beijing were studied. (Source: Diagnostic Microbiology and Infectious Disease)
Source: Diagnostic Microbiology and Infectious Disease - April 26, 2018 Category: Microbiology Authors: Jing-Wei Cheng, Chang Liu, Timothy Kudinha, Meng Xiao, Shu-Ying Yu, Chun-Xia Yang, Ming Wei, Guo-wei Liang, Dong-Hua Shao, Fanrong Kong, Zhao-Hui Tong, Ying-Chun Xu Source Type: research

Antimicrobial Susceptibility of Enterobacteriaceae and Pseudomonas aeruginosa Isolates from United States Medical Centers Stratified by Infection Type: Results from the International Network for Optimal Resistance Monitoring (INFORM) Surveillance Program, 2015 –2016
A total of 18,656 Enterobacteriaceae and 4,175 Pseudomonas aeruginosa were consecutively collected from 85 US hospitals and tested for susceptibility by broth microdilution methods in a central monitoring laboratory (JMI Laboratories). The antimicrobial susceptibility and frequency of key resistance phenotypes were assessed and stratified by infection type as follows: bloodstream (BSI; 3,434 isolates; 15.0%), pneumonia (6,439; 28.2%), skin and skin structure (SSSI; 4,134; 18.1%), intra-abdominal (IAI; 951; 4.2%), and urinary tract (UTI; 7,873; 34.5%). (Source: Diagnostic Microbiology and Infectious Disease)
Source: Diagnostic Microbiology and Infectious Disease - April 26, 2018 Category: Microbiology Authors: Helio S. Sader, Mariana Castanheira, Leonard R. Duncan, Robert K. Flamm Source Type: research

Rapid multiplex PCR for detection of mcr-1 to −5 genes
A rapid (total time (Source: Diagnostic Microbiology and Infectious Disease)
Source: Diagnostic Microbiology and Infectious Disease - April 21, 2018 Category: Microbiology Authors: Mathilde Lescat, Laurent Poirel, Patrice Nordmann Tags: Note Source Type: research

Combination of conventional culture, vial culture, and broad-range PCR of sonication fluid for the diagnosis of prosthetic joint infection
We assessed the value of conventional culture, vial culture, and broad-range PCR of the sonication fluid (SF), individually or in combinations, for the diagnosis of prosthetic joint infection (PJI). We studied 114 consecutive patients (median age:72.5years, males: 28.07%) undergoing removal of a total knee or hip prosthesis. By non-microbiologic criteria, 87 patients had aseptic failure, and 27 PJI. All patients had periprosthetic tissue culture, sonication of prosthesis, and study of SF by conventional and vial culture, and PCR. (Source: Diagnostic Microbiology and Infectious Disease)
Source: Diagnostic Microbiology and Infectious Disease - April 20, 2018 Category: Microbiology Authors: Antonios Stylianakis, Georgios Schinas, Pavlos C. Thomaidis, Joseph Papaparaskevas, Dimitrios C. Ziogas, Maria N. Gamaletsou, George L. Daikos, Spyros Pneumaticos, Nikolaos V. Sipsas Tags: Original article Source Type: research

Evaluation of a best practice alert to reduce unnecessary Clostridium difficile testing following receipt of a laxative
This study examined the effect of an alert notifying providers ordering Clostridium difficile PCR when their patient received a laxative within 24hours at four hospitals. (Source: Diagnostic Microbiology and Infectious Disease)
Source: Diagnostic Microbiology and Infectious Disease - April 20, 2018 Category: Microbiology Authors: Anastasia Bilinskaya, Kellie J. Goodlet, Michael D. Nailor Source Type: research

Development and evaluation of a rapid nucleic acid amplification method to detect influenza A and B viruses in human respiratory specimens
Isothermal nucleic acid amplification methods can potentially shorten the amount of time required to diagnose influenza. We developed and evaluated a novel isothermal nucleic acid amplification method, RT-SIBA to rapidly detect and differentiate between influenza A and B viruses in a single reaction tube. The performance of the RT-SIBA Influenza assay was compared with two established RT-PCR methods. The sensitivities of the RT-SIBA, RealStar RT-PCR, and CDC RT-PCR assays for the detection of influenza A and B viruses in the clinical specimens were 98.8%, 100%, and 89.3%, respectively. (Source: Diagnostic Microbiology and Infectious Disease)
Source: Diagnostic Microbiology and Infectious Disease - April 18, 2018 Category: Microbiology Authors: Sonja Elf, Pauliina Auvinen, Lisa Jahn, Karoliina Liikonen, Solveig Sj öblom, Päivi Saavalainen, Minna Mäki, Kevin E. Eboigbodin Source Type: research

The population structure of clinical Extra-intestinal Escherichia coli in a teaching hospital from Nigeria
Limited information is available regarding the population structure of extra-intestinal pathogenic Escherichia coli (ExPEC) in Africa. Antimicrobial resistance profiles, sequence types (STs) and fimH types were determined on 60 clinical ExPEC from Nigeria using a 7-single nucleotide polymorphism quantitative PCR and sequencing of certain genes. Different ST131 clades were identified with a multiplex PCR. The isolates were mostly obtained from urines (58.3%). Not-susceptibility rates were as follows: trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (98%), cefotaxime (68%), gentamicin (55%), ciprofloxacin (62%) and piperacillin-tazobactam (2%)...
Source: Diagnostic Microbiology and Infectious Disease - April 14, 2018 Category: Microbiology Authors: Jeremiah Seni, Giselle Peirano, Kenneth Okwong Okon, Yusuf Bara Jibrin, Alkali Mohammed, Stephen E. Mshana, Rebekah DeVinney, Johann D.D. Pitout Source Type: research