Chronic myelomoncytic leukemia: Are we finally solving the identity crisis?
Chronic myelomonocytic leukemia (CMML) is a unique disease entity with overlap components of both myelodysplastic syndrome and myeloproliferative neoplasms. CMML is a clonal hematopoietic stem cell neoplasm characterized by monocytosis, cytopenias, and extramedullary manifestations such as splenomegaly. The disease is rare and has undergone revisions in its classification. We review the recent classification strategies as well as diagnostic criteria, focusing on the new insights into the genetic alterations and unique pathophysiology of the disease. (Source: Blood Reviews)
Source: Blood Reviews - April 24, 2016 Category: Hematology Authors: Aziz Nazha, Thomas Prebet, Steven Gore, Amer M. Zeidan Tags: REVIEW Source Type: research
Chronic Myelomoncytic Leukemia: Are we finally solving the identity Crisis?
Chronic myelomonocytic leukemia (CMML) is a unique disease entity with overlap components of both myelodysplastic syndrome and myeloproliferative neoplasms. CMML is a clonal hematopoietic stem cell neoplasm characterized by monocytosis, cytopenias, and extramedullary manifestations such as splenomegaly. The disease is rare and has undergone revisions in its classification. We review the recent classification strategies as well as diagnostic criteria, focusing on the new insights into the genetic alterations and unique pathophysiology of the disease. (Source: Blood Reviews)
Source: Blood Reviews - April 24, 2016 Category: Hematology Authors: Aziz Nazha, Thomas Prebet, Steven Gore, Amer M. Zeidan Tags: Review Source Type: research
Autophagy as a target for hematological malignancy therapy
Autophagy is an essential metabolic pathway by which the intracellular unwanted materials are digested within lysosomes for cellular homeostasis. It provides energy and building blocks upon starvation or other stresses. Autophagy even contributes to cell death especially under apoptosis incompetent conditions depending on the cellular contexts. Dysfunction of autophagy involves in the initiation and progression of multiple diseases and their treatments. But its principles and clinical applications have not been fully elucidated yet. (Source: Blood Reviews)
Source: Blood Reviews - April 15, 2016 Category: Hematology Authors: Zhiwu Dong, Shuang Liang, Jun Hu, Weiyun Jin, Qilin Zhan, Kewen Zhao Tags: Review Source Type: research
FDG-PET imaging in hematological malignancies
The majority of aggressive lymphomas is characterized by an up regulated glycolytic activity, which enables the visualization by F-18 FDG-PET/CT. One-stop hybrid FDG-PET/CT combines the functional and morphologic information, outperforming both, CT and FDG-PET as separate imaging modalities. This has resulted in several recommendations using FDG-PET/CT for staging, restaging, monitoring during therapy, and assessment of treatment response as well as identification of malignant transformation. FDG-PET/CT may obviate the need for a bone marrow biopsy in patients with Hodgkin's lymphoma and diffuse large B cell lymphoma. (Source: Blood Reviews)
Source: Blood Reviews - April 14, 2016 Category: Hematology Authors: L. Valls, C. Badve, S. Avril, K. Herrmann, P. Faulhaber, J. O'Donnell, N. Avril Tags: Review Source Type: research
Ironing out the details of iron overload in myelofibrosis: Lessons from myelodysplastic syndromes
Myelofibrosis (MF) and myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) are hematopoietic stem cell disorders associated with cytopenias and red blood cell (RBC) transfusion dependence. Iron overload (IO) as a consequence of RBC transfusion dependence and its effect on outcomes in MF has not been formally studied. However, IO is a demonstrated poor prognostic feature in patients with MDS and congenital or acquired chronic anemias. Evidence that iron chelation therapy (ICT) reduces the deleterious effects of IO in MDS has led to speculation of benefit in MF. (Source: Blood Reviews)
Source: Blood Reviews - April 14, 2016 Category: Hematology Authors: Nicole Carreau, Douglas Tremblay, Michael Savona, Marina Kremyanskaya, John Mascarenhas Tags: Review Source Type: research
Blood flow and mass transfer regulation of coagulation
Blood flow regulates coagulation and fibrin formation by controlling the transport, or mass transfer, of zymogens, co-factors, enzymes, and inhibitors to, from, and within a growing thrombus. The rate of mass transfer of these solutes relative to their consumption or production by coagulation reactions determines, in part, the rate of thrombin generation, fibrin deposition, and thrombi growth. Experimental studies on the influence of blood flow on specific coagulation reactions are reviewed here, along with a theoretical framework that predicts how flow influences surface-bound coagulation binding and enzymatic reactions. ...
Source: Blood Reviews - April 14, 2016 Category: Hematology Authors: Kuldeepsinh Rana, Keith B. Neeves Tags: REVIEW Source Type: research
FDG-PET imaging in hematological malignancies
The majority of aggressive lymphomas is characterized by an up regulated glycolytic activity, which enables the visualization by F-18 FDG-PET/CT. One-stop hybrid FDG-PET/CT combines the functional and morphologic information, outperforming both, CT and FDG-PET as separate imaging modalities. This has resulted in several recommendations using FDG-PET/CT for staging, restaging, monitoring during therapy, and assessment of treatment response as well as identification of malignant transformation. FDG-PET/CT may obviate the need for a bone marrow biopsy in patients with Hodgkin's lymphoma and diffuse large B cell lymphoma. (Source: Blood Reviews)
Source: Blood Reviews - April 14, 2016 Category: Hematology Authors: L. Valls, C. Badve, S. Avril, K. Herrmann, P. Faulhaber, J. O'Donnell, N. Avril Tags: Review Source Type: research
Ironing out the details of iron overload in myelofibrosis: Lessons from myelodysplastic syndromes
Myelofibrosis (MF) and myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) are hematopoietic stem cell disorders associated with cytopenias and red blood cell (RBC) transfusion dependence. Iron overload (IO) as a consequence of RBC transfusion dependence and its effect on outcomes in MF has not been formally studied. However, IO is a demonstrated poor prognostic feature in patients with MDS and congenital or acquired chronic anemias. Evidence that iron chelation therapy (ICT) reduces the deleterious effects of IO in MDS has led to speculation of benefit in MF. (Source: Blood Reviews)
Source: Blood Reviews - April 14, 2016 Category: Hematology Authors: Nicole Carreau, Douglas Tremblay, Michael Savona, Marina Kremyanskaya, John Mascarenhas Tags: Review Source Type: research
Blood flow and mass transfer regulation of coagulation
Blood flow regulates coagulation and fibrin formation by controlling the transport, or mass transfer, of zymogens, co-factors, enzymes, and inhibitors to, from, and within a growing thrombus. The rate of mass transfer of these solutes relative to their consumption or production by coagulation reactions determines, in part, the rate of thrombin generation, fibrin deposition, and thrombi growth. Experimental studies on the influence of blood flow on specific coagulation reactions are reviewed here, along with a theoretical framework that predicts how flow influences surface-bound coagulation binding and enzymatic reactions. ...
Source: Blood Reviews - April 14, 2016 Category: Hematology Authors: Kuldeepsinh Rana, Keith B. Neeves Tags: Review Source Type: research
Myeloid-derived suppressor cells: The green light for myeloma immune escape
Myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) are a heterogeneous, immature myeloid cell population with the ability to suppress innate and adaptive immune responses that promote tumor growth. MDSCs are increased in patients with multiple myeloma (MM) and have bidirectional interaction with tumors within the MM microenvironment. MM-MDSCs promote MM tumor growth and induce immune suppression; conversely, MM cells induce MDSC development and survival. Although the role of MDSCs in infections, inflammatory diseases and solid tumors has been extensively characterized, their tumor-promoting and immune-suppressive role in MM and the ...
Source: Blood Reviews - April 11, 2016 Category: Hematology Authors: Ehsan Malek, Marcos de Lima, John J. Letterio, Byung-Gyu Kim, James H. Finke, James J. Driscoll, Sergio A. Giralt Tags: Review Source Type: research
Myeloid-derived Suppressor Cells: The Green Light for Myeloma Immune Escape
Myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) are a heterogeneous, immature myeloid cell population with the ability to suppress innate and adaptive immune responses that promote tumor growth. MDSCs are increased in patients with multiple myeloma (MM) and have bidirectional interaction with tumors within the MM microenvironment. MM-MDSCs promote MM tumor growth and induce immune suppression, while conversely, MM cells induce MDSC development and survival. Although the role of MDSCs in infections, inflammatory diseases and solid tumors has been extensively characterized, their tumor-promoting and immune-suppressive role in MM an...
Source: Blood Reviews - April 11, 2016 Category: Hematology Authors: Ehsan Malek, Marcos de Lima, John J. Letterio, Byung-Gyu Kim, James H. Finke, James J. Driscoll, Sergio A. Giralt Tags: Review Source Type: research
Extramedullary acute myelogenous leukemia
Extramedullary leukemia (EM AML), also known as myeloid sarcoma, is a rare manifestation of acute myelogenous leukemia and often accompanies bone marrow involvement. EM AML is diagnosed based on H & E stains with ancillary studies including flow cytometry and cytogenetics. Isolated EM AML is often misdiagnosed as large cell lymphoma or other lymphoproliferative disorder. The clinical presentation is often dictated by the mass effect and the location of the tumor. The optimal treatment remains unclear. (Source: Blood Reviews)
Source: Blood Reviews - April 6, 2016 Category: Hematology Authors: Melhem Solh, Scott Solomon, Lawrence Morris, Kent Holland, Asad Bashey Tags: REVIEW Source Type: research
Extramedullary Acute Myelogenous Leukemia
Extramedullary leukemia (EM AML), also known as myeloid sarcoma, is a rare manifestation of acute myelogenous leukemia and often accompanies bone marrow involvement. EM AML is diagnosed based on H&E stains with ancillary studies including flow cytometry and cytogenetics. Isolated EM AML is often misdiagnosed as large cell lymphoma or other lymphoproliferative disorder. The clinical presentation is often dictated by the mass effect and the location of the tumor. The optimal treatment remains unclear. (Source: Blood Reviews)
Source: Blood Reviews - April 6, 2016 Category: Hematology Authors: Melhem Solh, Scott Solomon, Lawrence Morris, Kent Holland, Asad Bashey Tags: Review Source Type: research
Specific Removal of Alloreactive T-Cells To Prevent Gvhd In Hemopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation: Rationale, Strategies And Perspectives
Hemopoietic stem-cell transplantation (HSCT) is a standard procedure for treatment of malignant and non-malignant hematological diseases. HSCT donors include HLA-identical siblings, matched or mismatched unrelated donors and haploidentical related donors. Graft-versus-host disease (GvHD), mediated by donor alloreactive T-cells in the graft, can be triggered by minor histocompatibility antigens in HLA-identical pairs, by alleles at loci not considered for MUD-matching or by the mismatched haplotype in haplo-HSCT. (Source: Blood Reviews)
Source: Blood Reviews - March 15, 2016 Category: Hematology Authors: Giuseppina Li Pira, Stefano Di Cecca, Mauro Montanari, Lorenzo Moretta, Fabrizio Manca Tags: Review Source Type: research
