Birth Defects Research Part B: Developmental and Reproductive Toxicology This is an RSS file. You can use it to subscribe to this data in your favourite RSS reader or to display this data on your own website or blog.

Effects of Maternal and Lactational Exposure to 2‐Hydroxy‐4‐Methoxybenzone on Development and Reproductive Organs in Male and Female Rat Offspring
CONCLUSIONExposure to HMB was associated with reduced body and organ weights in female and male offspring. No significant differences were observed in the number of implantation sites/litter, mean resorptions/litter, % litters with resorptions, number and weights of live fetuses, or sex ratios between the control and HMB dose groups. Normalized anogenital distance in male pups at PND 23 was decreased in the highest dose group. Spermatocyte development was impaired in testes of male offspring in the highest dose group. In females, follicular development was delayed in the highest dose group. However, by evaluating levels of...
Source: Birth Defects Research Part B: Developmental and Reproductive Toxicology - February 23, 2015 Category: Perinatology & Neonatology Authors: Noriko Nakamura, Amy L. Inselman, Gene A. White, Ching‐Wei Chang, Raul A. Trbojevich, Estatira Sephr, Kristie L. Voris, Ralph E. Patton, Matthew S. Bryant, Wafa Harrouk, Barry S. McIntyre, Paul M.D. Foster, Deborah K. Hansen Tags: Research Article Source Type: research

Obituary
(Source: Birth Defects Research Part B: Developmental and Reproductive Toxicology)
Source: Birth Defects Research Part B: Developmental and Reproductive Toxicology - February 1, 2015 Category: Perinatology & Neonatology Authors: Edward W. Carney Tags: Obituary Source Type: research

Reproductive and Developmental Toxicity of Orally Administered Botanical Composition, UP446‐Part II: Effects on Prenatal and Postnatal Development, Including Maternal Function in Sprague–Dawley Rats
Almost all herbal remedies could be therapeutic at one dose and toxic at another. These facts become more troubling and a double threat when uncharacterized medicinal herbs are blended together and used by expectant mothers as a supplement to conventional pregnancy management with an inherent belief of considering herbal remedies as harmless. Here we describe the potential adverse effects of UP446, a standardized bioflavonoid composition from the roots of Scutellaria baicalensis and the heartwoods of Acacia catechu, on the maternal and their first filial generation (F1) developmental and functional toxicity following expos...
Source: Birth Defects Research Part B: Developmental and Reproductive Toxicology - February 1, 2015 Category: Perinatology & Neonatology Authors: Mesfin Yimam, Young‐Chul Lee, Eu‐Jin Hyun, Qi Jia Tags: Research Article Source Type: research

A Comparison of ToxCast Test Results with In Vivo and Other In Vitro Endpoints for Neuro, Endocrine, and Developmental Toxicities: A Case Study Using Endosulfan and Methidathion
CONCLUSIONSToxCast's predictions showed concordance on some endpoints and nonconcordance, consisting mainly of false inactives, in several critical endpoints, likely due to a lack of metabolic activation and limitations in assay design. Zebrafish assays were good predictors of developmental toxicity and neurotoxicity for endosulfan (Source: Birth Defects Research Part B: Developmental and Reproductive Toxicology)
Source: Birth Defects Research Part B: Developmental and Reproductive Toxicology - February 1, 2015 Category: Perinatology & Neonatology Authors: M. Silva, N. Pham, C. Lewis, S. Iyer, E. Kwok, G. Solomon, L. Zeise Tags: Review Article Source Type: research

The Potential of Cr3 [Triaqua‐μ3‐Oxo‐Hexa‐μ‐Propionatotrichromium(III) Chloride] to Reduce Birth Defects in the Offspring of Diabetic CD‐1 Mice
Diabetes mellitus is a growing concern worldwide and leads to multiple complications during pregnancy. Pharmacologic doses of chromium (Cr) have been linked with improving insulin sensitivity and other positive benefits in the treatment of diabetes in animal models. By using streptozotocin induced hyperglycemia in female CD‐1 mice, reproductive outcomes of diabetic and chromium‐dosed diabetic females were examined. After dosing 10 mg/kg Cr in the form of triaqua‐μ3‐oxo‐hexa‐μ‐propionatotrichromium(III) chloride or Cr3 during gestation days 8–16 (GD8–GD16), all females were sacrificed on gestation day 17...
Source: Birth Defects Research Part B: Developmental and Reproductive Toxicology - February 1, 2015 Category: Perinatology & Neonatology Authors: Johnathan D. Keith, Christina Vincent, Michael Goetsch, Amie Lemley, Riley Kraus, Austin Broussard, Ashley Kildow, Josh Faught, John B. Vincent, Jane F. Rasco Tags: Research Article Source Type: research

Biomonitoring of the Genotoxic and Hepatotoxic Effects and Oxidative Stress Potentials of Itraconazole in Pregnant Rats
CONCLUSIONThese findings indicate that itraconazole administration at doses of 75, 100, or 150 mg/kg during pregnancy induced maternal and fetal toxicity that could be induced by the genotoxicity and the oxidative damage (Source: Birth Defects Research Part B: Developmental and Reproductive Toxicology)
Source: Birth Defects Research Part B: Developmental and Reproductive Toxicology - February 1, 2015 Category: Perinatology & Neonatology Authors: Abdel‐Fattah El‐Shershaby, Ahmed I. Dakrory, Mai H. El‐Dakdoky, Jehane Ibrahim, Fatma Kassem Tags: Research Article Source Type: research

Exposure‐Based Validation List for Developmental Toxicity Screening Assays
Validation of alternative assays requires comparison of the responses to toxicants in the alternative assay with in vivo responses. Chemicals have been classified as “positive” or “negative” in vivo, despite the fact that developmental toxicity is conditional on magnitude of exposure. We developed a list of positive and negative developmental exposures, with exposure defined by toxicokinetic data, specifically maternal plasma Cmax. We selected a series of 20 chemicals that caused developmental toxicity and for which there were appropriate toxicokinetic data. Where possible, we used the same chemical for both positi...
Source: Birth Defects Research Part B: Developmental and Reproductive Toxicology - December 4, 2014 Category: Perinatology & Neonatology Authors: George P. Daston, Bruce K. Beyer, Edward W. Carney, Robert E. Chapin, Jan M. Friedman, Aldert H. Piersma, John M. Rogers, Anthony R. Scialli Tags: Research Article Source Type: research

Close Link between Protoporphyrin IX Accumulation and Developmental Toxicity Induced by N‐Phenylimide Herbicides in Rats
CONCLUSIONSThe developmentally toxic compounds caused PPIX accumulation in embryos. The peak period of PPIX accumulation corresponded to that of developmental effects. This correlation suggests a close link between PPO inhibition and developmental abnormality (Source: Birth Defects Research Part B: Developmental and Reproductive Toxicology)
Source: Birth Defects Research Part B: Developmental and Reproductive Toxicology - December 4, 2014 Category: Perinatology & Neonatology Authors: Satoshi Kawamura, Terushige Kato, Alan G. Fantel Tags: Original Article Source Type: research

Xenotransplantation Models to Study the Effects of Toxicants on Human Fetal Tissues
Many diseases that manifest throughout the lifetime are influenced by factors affecting fetal development. Fetal exposure to xenobiotics, in particular, may influence the development of adult diseases. Established animal models provide systems for characterizing both developmental biology and developmental toxicology. However, animal model systems do not allow researchers to assess the mechanistic effects of toxicants on developing human tissue. Human fetal tissue xenotransplantation models have recently been implemented to provide human‐relevant mechanistic data on the many tissue‐level functions that may be affected ...
Source: Birth Defects Research Part B: Developmental and Reproductive Toxicology - December 4, 2014 Category: Perinatology & Neonatology Authors: Daniel J. Spade, Elizabeth V. McDonnell, Nicholas E. Heger, Jennifer A. Sanders, Camelia M. Saffarini, Philip A. Gruppuso, Monique E. Paepe, Kim Boekelheide Tags: Review Article Source Type: research

Comparison of a Modified Mid‐Coronal Sectioning Technique and Wilson's Technique when Conducting Eye and Brain Examinations in Rabbit Teratology Studies
CONCLUSIONSWhile both methods are equally sensitive at detecting common and rare developmental defects, the modified mid‐coronal sectioning technique eliminates the use of chemicals and concomitant fixation artifacts that occur with the Wilson's technique and allows for examination of 100% intact fetuses thereby increasing potential for detecting eye and brain alterations as these findings occur infrequently in rabbits (Source: Birth Defects Research Part B: Developmental and Reproductive Toxicology)
Source: Birth Defects Research Part B: Developmental and Reproductive Toxicology - December 1, 2014 Category: Perinatology & Neonatology Authors: Mary K. Ziejewski, Howard M. Solomon, Joyce Rendemonti, Dinesh Stanislaus Tags: Research Article Source Type: research

Influence of Intracellular Zinc on Cultures of Rat Cardiac Neural Crest Cells
CONCLUSIONZn deficiency can result in oxidative stress in cNCC, and subsequent decreases in their population and metabolic activity. These data support the concept that Zn deficiency associated developmental heart defects may arise in part as a consequence of altered cNCC metabolism (Source: Birth Defects Research Part B: Developmental and Reproductive Toxicology)
Source: Birth Defects Research Part B: Developmental and Reproductive Toxicology - December 1, 2014 Category: Perinatology & Neonatology Authors: Hsunhui Yang, Carl L. Keen, Louise Lanoue Tags: Research Article Source Type: research

Comparative Response of Rat and Rabbit Conceptuses In Vitro to Inhibitors of Histiotrophic Nutrition
Histiotrophic nutrition via the visceral yolk sac is an essential nutritional pathway of the rodent conceptus, and inhibition of this pathway may cause growth retardation, malformations, and death in rodent embryos. Morphologic differences among species during early development indicate that the visceral yolk sac histiotrophic nutrition pathway may be of lesser importance in nonrodent species, including humans. Here, comparative studies were conducted with inhibitors of different steps in the visceral yolk sac histiotrophic nutrition pathway to determine whether the rabbit is similarly responsive to the rat. Early somite s...
Source: Birth Defects Research Part B: Developmental and Reproductive Toxicology - December 1, 2014 Category: Perinatology & Neonatology Authors: Valerie A. Marshall, Kamin J. Johnson, Nigel P. Moore, Reza J. Rasoulpour, Belen Tornesi, Edward W. Carney Tags: Research Article Source Type: research

Issue Information
(Source: Birth Defects Research Part B: Developmental and Reproductive Toxicology)
Source: Birth Defects Research Part B: Developmental and Reproductive Toxicology - December 1, 2014 Category: Perinatology & Neonatology Tags: Issue Information Source Type: research

Negative Interplay of Retinoic Acid and TGF‐β Signaling Mediated by TG‐Interacting Factor to Modulate Mouse Embryonic Palate Mesenchymal–Cell Proliferation
Mesenchymal‐cell proliferation is the main process in shelf outgrowth. Both all‐trans‐retinoic acid (atRA) and transforming growth factor‐β3 (TGF‐β3) play an important role in mouse embryonic palate mesenchymal (MEPM) cell proliferation. In the present study, we investigated the crosstalk between RA and TGF‐β signaling in MEPM‐cell proliferation. We found that atRA inhibited MEPM‐cell proliferation by downregulating TGF‐β/Smad signaling and that TGF‐β3 treatment was able to antagonize RA signaling. Transforming growth–interacting factor (TGIF) is a transcriptional repressor that suppresses both T...
Source: Birth Defects Research Part B: Developmental and Reproductive Toxicology - October 1, 2014 Category: Perinatology & Neonatology Authors: Xiaozhuan Liu, Huanhuan Zhang, Liyun Gao, Yanyan Yin, Xinjuan Pan, Zhitao Li, Ning Li, Haozhe Li, Zengli Yu Tags: Research Article Source Type: research

Issue Information
(Source: Birth Defects Research Part B: Developmental and Reproductive Toxicology)
Source: Birth Defects Research Part B: Developmental and Reproductive Toxicology - October 1, 2014 Category: Perinatology & Neonatology Tags: Issue Information Source Type: research