In vitro and in vivo bioactivity assessment of a polylactic acid/hydroxyapatite composite for bone regeneration.
Authors: Danoux CB, Barbieri D, Yuan H, de Bruijn JD, van Blitterswijk CA, Habibovic P
Abstract
Synthetic bone graft substitutes based on composites consisting of a polymer and a calcium-phosphate (CaP) ceramic are developed with the aim to satisfy both mechanical and bioactivity requirements for successful bone regeneration. In the present study, we have employed extrusion to produce a composite consisting of 50 wt.% poly(D,L-lactic acid) (PLA) and 50 wt.% nano-sized hydroxyapatite (HA) powder, achieving homogeneous distribution of the ceramic within the polymeric phase. In vitro, in both a simulated phys...
Source: Biomatter - November 20, 2015 Category: Biotechnology Tags: Biomatter Source Type: research
Biocompatibility and characterization of a Kolsterised(®) medical grade cobalt-chromium-molybdenum alloy.
The objective of this paper is to analyze the biocompatibility of a Kolsterised(®) Co-Cr-Mo alloy, and to characterize the material surface in order to show the advantages gained by using the Kolsterised(®) material relative to the original untreated alloy, and other materials. This work has been performed on 3 fronts including; Material characterization, "In-vitro" corrosion testing, and Biological testing conforming to BS EN ISO 10993-18:2009 - Biological evaluation of medical devices. Using these techniques, the Kolsterised(®) cobalt-chromium-molybdenum alloys were found to have good biocompatibility and an augmented...
Source: Biomatter - November 20, 2015 Category: Biotechnology Tags: Biomatter Source Type: research
Comprehensive histological evaluation of bone implants.
Authors: Rentsch C, Schneiders W, Manthey S, Rentsch B, Rammelt S
Abstract
To investigate and assess bone regeneration in sheep in combination with new implant materials classical histological staining methods as well as immunohistochemistry may provide additional information to standard radiographs or computer tomography. Available published data of bone defect regenerations in sheep often present none or sparely labeled histological images. Repeatedly, the exact location of the sample remains unclear, detail enlargements are missing and the labeling of different tissues or cells is absent. The aim of thi...
Source: Biomatter - November 20, 2015 Category: Biotechnology Tags: Biomatter Source Type: research
Grafting of a model protein on lactide and caprolactone based biodegradable films for biomedical applications.
In this study, albumin was used as a model protein. According to X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and atomic force microscopy (AFM), albumin was efficiently immobilized on the surface of the terpolymer, the degree of albumin surface coverage (ΓBSA) reached ~35%. Moreover, gel permeation chromatography (GPC) studies showed that the hydrolytic degradation kinetic of the synthesized polymer was slightly delayed when albumin was grafted. However, the degradation process in the bulk of the material was unaffected, as demonstrated by Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) analyses. Furthermore, XPS analyses showed that the pro...
Source: Biomatter - November 20, 2015 Category: Biotechnology Tags: Biomatter Source Type: research
Water uptake and swelling in single trabeculæ from human femur head.
Authors: Marinozzi F, Bini F, Marinozzi A
Abstract
The swelling of air-dried single trabeculae from human femur heads was obtained by complete immersion in water and the dimensional changes of the samples were measured over time. The experimental results were analyzed under the viewpoint of the diffusion through a porous material. The dimensional changes of the single trabeculae were 0.26 ± 0.15 percent (length), 0.45 ± 0.25 percent (width) and 1.86 ± 0.97 percent (thickness). The diffusion coefficients were then calculated from the swelling recorded over time and a value of (4.12 ± 0.8) x 10(-10)(m (2...
Source: Biomatter - November 20, 2015 Category: Biotechnology Tags: Biomatter Source Type: research
Characterization of a bioactive fiber scaffold with entrapped HUVECs in coaxial electrospun core-shell fiber.
Authors: Ang HY, Irvine SA, Avrahami R, Sarig U, Bronshtein T, Zussman E, Boey FY, Machluf M, Venkatraman SS
Abstract
Human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) were successfully entrapped in polyethylene oxide (PEO) core /polycaprolactone (PCL) shell electrospun fibers thus creating a "bioactive fiber." The viability and release of biomolecules from the entrapped cells in the bioactive fibers were characterized. A key modification to the core solution was the inclusion of 50% fetal bovine serum (FBS), which improved cell viability substantially. The fluorescein diacetate (FDA) staining revealed that ...
Source: Biomatter - November 20, 2015 Category: Biotechnology Tags: Biomatter Source Type: research
Alternative technique for calcium phosphate coating on titanium alloy implants.
Authors: Le VQ, Pourroy G, Cochis A, Rimondini L, Abdel-Fattah WI, Mohammed HI, Carradò A
Abstract
As an alternative technique for calcium phosphate coating on titanium alloys, we propose to functionalize the metal surface with anionic bath containing chlorides of palladium or silver as activators. This new deposition route has several advantages such as controlled conditions, applicability to complex shapes, no adverse effect of heating, and cost effectiveness. A mixture of hydroxyapatite and calcium phosphate hydrate is deposited on the surface of Ti-6Al-4V. Calcium phosphate coating is built faster com...
Source: Biomatter - November 20, 2015 Category: Biotechnology Tags: Biomatter Source Type: research
Nanocarbon surfaces for biomedicine.
Authors: Reina G, Tamburri E, Orlanducci S, Gay S, Matassa R, Guglielmotti V, Lavecchia T, Terranova ML, Rossi M
Abstract
The distinctive physicochemical, mechanical and electrical properties of carbon nanostructures are currently gaining the interest of researchers working in bioengineering and biomedical fields. Carbon nanotubes, carbon dendrimers, graphenic platelets and nanodiamonds are deeply studied aiming at their application in several areas of biology and medicine. Here we provide a summary of the carbon nanomaterials prepared in our labs and of the fabrication techniques used to produce severa...
Source: Biomatter - November 20, 2015 Category: Biotechnology Tags: Biomatter Source Type: research
The role of dialysis and freezing on structural conformation, thermal properties and morphology of silk fibroin hydrogels.
This study provides fundamental knowledge on silk fibroin hydrogels preparation and properties and the studied hydrogels are promising to be used in the biomaterial field.
PMID: 24646905 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE] (Source: Biomatter)
Source: Biomatter - November 20, 2015 Category: Biotechnology Tags: Biomatter Source Type: research
Platinum metallization for MEMS application: focus on coating adhesion for biomedical applications.
Authors: Guarnieri V, Biazi L, Marchiori R, Lago A
Abstract
The adherence of Platinum thin film on Si/SiO 2 wafer was studies using Chromium, Titanium or Alumina (Cr, Ti, Al 2O 3) as interlayer. The adhesion of Pt is a fundamental property in different areas, for example in MEMS devices, which operate at high temperature conditions, as well as in biomedical applications, where the problem of adhesion of a Pt film to the substrate is known as a major challenge in several industrial applications health and in biomedical devices, such as for example in the stents. (1)(-) (4) We investigated the properties of ...
Source: Biomatter - November 20, 2015 Category: Biotechnology Tags: Biomatter Source Type: research
Magnetic force microscopy: quantitative issues in biomaterials.
Authors: Passeri D, Dong C, Reggente M, Angeloni L, Barteri M, Scaramuzzo FA, De Angelis F, Marinelli F, Antonelli F, Rinaldi F, Marianecci C, Carafa M, Sorbo A, Sordi D, Arends IW, Rossi M
Abstract
Magnetic force microscopy (MFM) is an atomic force microscopy (AFM) based technique in which an AFM tip with a magnetic coating is used to probe local magnetic fields with the typical AFM spatial resolution, thus allowing one to acquire images reflecting the local magnetic properties of the samples at the nanoscale. Being a well established tool for the characterization of magnetic recording media, superconduct...
Source: Biomatter - November 20, 2015 Category: Biotechnology Tags: Biomatter Source Type: research
Novel hybrid membrane of chitosan/poly (ε-caprolactone) for tissue engineering.
Authors: Cardoso GB, Machado-Silva AB, Sabino M, Santos AR, Zavaglia CA
Abstract
We investigated the potential use of 3D hybrid membrane: poly (ε-caprolactone) (PCL) mesh using rotary jet spinning with subsequent chitosan (CH) coating. The morphological examinations by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) were proved the efficiency of this technique on obtaining relative homogeneous PCL fiber mats (15,49±4,1µm), with high surface porosity (1,06±0,41µm) and effective CH coating. The feasibility of rotary jet spinning allowed the solvent evaporation during the process; this fact was verified by differenti...
Source: Biomatter - November 20, 2015 Category: Biotechnology Tags: Biomatter Source Type: research
Properties of titanium-alloyed DLC layers for medical applications.
Authors: Joska L, Fojt J, Cvrcek L, Brezina V
Abstract
DLC-type layers offer a good potential for application in medicine, due to their excellent tribological properties, chemical resistance, and bio-inert character. The presented study has verified the possibility of alloying DLC layers with titanium, with coatings containing three levels of titanium concentration prepared. Titanium was present on the surface mainly in the form of oxides. Its increasing concentration led to increased presence of titanium carbide as well. The behavior of the studied systems was stable during exposure in a physiological sal...
Source: Biomatter - November 20, 2015 Category: Biotechnology Tags: Biomatter Source Type: research
Design of 2D chitosan scaffolds via electrochemical structuring.
Authors: Altomare L, Guglielmo E, Varoni EM, Bertoldi S, Cochis A, Rimondini L, De Nardo L
Abstract
Chitosan (CS) is a versatile biopolymer whose morphological and chemico-physical properties can be designed for a variety of biomedical applications. Taking advantage of its electrolytic nature, cathodic polarization allows CS deposition on electrically conductive substrates, resulting in thin porous structures with tunable morphology. Here we propose an easy method to obtain CS membranes with highly oriented micro-channels for tissue engineering applications, relying on simple control of process parameters ...
Source: Biomatter - November 20, 2015 Category: Biotechnology Tags: Biomatter Source Type: research
Comparison of the reaction of bone-derived cells to enhanced MgCl2-salt concentrations.
Authors: Burmester A, Luthringer B, Willumeit R, Feyerabend F
Abstract
Magnesium-based implants exhibit various advantages such as biodegradability and potential for enhanced in vivo bone formation. However, the cellular mechanisms behind this possible osteoconductivity remain unclear. To determine whether high local magnesium concentrations can be osteoconductive and exclude other environmental factors that occur during the degradation of magnesium implants, magnesium salt (MgCl2) was used as a model system. Because cell lines are preferred targets in studies of non-degradable implant materials, we perfor...
Source: Biomatter - November 20, 2015 Category: Biotechnology Tags: Biomatter Source Type: research
