Adipose and mammary epithelial tissue engineering.
Authors: Zhu W, Nelson CM
Abstract
Breast reconstruction is a type of surgery for women who have had a mastectomy, and involves using autologous tissue or prosthetic material to construct a natural-looking breast. Adipose tissue is the major contributor to the volume of the breast, whereas epithelial cells comprise the functional unit of the mammary gland. Adipose-derived stem cells (ASCs) can differentiate into both adipocytes and epithelial cells and can be acquired from autologous sources. ASCs are therefore an attractive candidate for clinical applications to repair or regenerate the breast. Here we re...
Source: Biomatter - November 20, 2015 Category: Biotechnology Tags: Biomatter Source Type: research
Kinetics and isotherm of fibronectin adsorption to three-dimensional porous chitosan scaffolds explored by ¹²⁵I-radiolabelling.
In this study, (125)I-radiolabelling was explored to follow the kinetics and isotherm of fibronectin (FN) adsorption to porous polymeric scaffolds, as well as to assess the elution and exchangeability of pre-adsorbed FN following incubation in serum-containing culture medium. Chitosan (CH) porous scaffolds with two different degrees of acetylation (DA 4% and 15%) were incubated in FN solutions with concentrations ranging from 5 to 50 µg/mL. The kinetic and isotherm of FN adsorption to CH were successfully followed using (125)I-FN as a tracer molecule. While on DA 4% the levels of adsorbed FN increased linearly with FN sol...
Source: Biomatter - November 20, 2015 Category: Biotechnology Tags: Biomatter Source Type: research
Synthesis of spherical calcium phosphate particles for dental and orthopedic applications.
Authors: Bohner M, Tadier S, van Garderen N, de Gasparo A, Döbelin N, Baroud G
Abstract
Calcium phosphate materials have been used increasingly in the past 40 years as bone graft substitutes in the dental and orthopedic fields. Accordingly, numerous fabrication methods have been proposed and used. However, the controlled production of spherical calcium phosphate particles remains a challenge. Since such particles are essential for the synthesis of pastes and cements delivered into the host bone by minimally-invasive approaches, the aim of the present document is to review their synthesis and applications....
Source: Biomatter - November 20, 2015 Category: Biotechnology Tags: Biomatter Source Type: research
Formulation and optimization of temozolomide nanoparticles by 3 factor 2 level factorial design.
Authors: Jain A, Jain SK
Abstract
The aim of this study was to investigate the combined influence of 3 independent variables in the preparation of temozolomide bearing Non-PEGylated and PEGylated nanoparticles by emulsification solvent evaporation method. A 3 factor 2 level design was used to derive a polynomial quadratic model and construct contour plots to predict responses. The independent variables selected were concentration of drug (A), concentration of PLGA/PEG-PLGA (B), PVA concentration in aqueous phase (C) and sonication time (D) and evaluated for percentage drug entrapment (PDE) and particle siz...
Source: Biomatter - November 20, 2015 Category: Biotechnology Tags: Biomatter Source Type: research
Role of culture conditions on in vitro transformation and cellular colonization of biomimetic HA-Col scaffolds.
Authors: Campos DM, Soares GA, Anselme K
Abstract
We have recently developed new 3D hydroxyapatite/collagen (50/50 wt%) scaffolds using a biomimetic synthesis approach. The first in vitro tests performed in static culture showed a limited cell colonization and survival inside the scaffolds. The current study evaluated in dynamic culture the scaffold changes and colonization by human immortalized osteoprogenitor STRO-1A cells. The stability of our scaffolds in the different culture conditions (static, low flow, high flow) was validated by the maintenance of the pore diameter and interconnectivity over 21 d....
Source: Biomatter - November 20, 2015 Category: Biotechnology Tags: Biomatter Source Type: research
Mechanical models for the self-organization of tubular patterns.
Authors: Guo CL
Abstract
Organogenesis, such as long tubule self-organization, requires long-range coordination of cell mechanics to arrange cell positions and to remodel the extracellular matrix. While the current mainstream in the field of tissue morphogenesis focuses primarily on genetics and chemical signaling, the influence of cell mechanics on the programming of patterning cues in tissue morphogenesis has not been adequately addressed. Here, we review experimental evidence and propose quantitative mechanical models by which cells can create tubular patterns.
PMID: 23719257 [PubMed - indexed ...
Source: Biomatter - November 20, 2015 Category: Biotechnology Tags: Biomatter Source Type: research
Cytotoxicity of cultured macrophages exposed to antimicrobial zinc oxide (ZnO) coatings on nanoporous aluminum oxide membranes.
Authors: Petrochenko PE, Skoog SA, Zhang Q, Comstock DJ, Elam JW, Goering PL, Narayan RJ
Abstract
Zinc oxide (ZnO) is a widely used commercial material that is finding use in wound healing applications due to its antimicrobial properties. Our study demonstrates a novel approach for coating ZnO with precise thickness control onto 20 nm and 100 nm pore diameter anodized aluminum oxide using atomic layer deposition (ALD). ZnO was deposited throughout the nanoporous structure of the anodized aluminum oxide membranes. An 8 nm-thick coating of ZnO, previously noted to have antimicrobial properties, was cytotoxic...
Source: Biomatter - November 20, 2015 Category: Biotechnology Tags: Biomatter Source Type: research
Mechanical and biocompatible characterization of a cross-linked collagen-hyaluronic acid wound dressing.
Authors: Kirk JF, Ritter G, Finger I, Sankar D, Reddy JD, Talton JD, Nataraj C, Narisawa S, Millán JL, Cobb RR
Abstract
Collagen scaffolds have been widely employed as a dermal equivalent to induce fibroblast infiltrations and dermal regeneration in the treatment of chronic wounds and diabetic foot ulcers. Cross-linking methods have been developed to address the disadvantages of the rapid degradation associated with collagen-based scaffolds. To eliminate the potential drawbacks associated with glutaraldehyde cross-linking, methods using a water soluble carbodiimide have been developed. In the present stud...
Source: Biomatter - November 20, 2015 Category: Biotechnology Tags: Biomatter Source Type: research
Polymer-conjugated inhibitors of tumor necrosis factor-α for local control of inflammation.
Authors: Washburn NR, Prata JE, Friedrich EE, Ramadan MH, Elder AN, Sun LT
Abstract
Burns, chronic wounds, osteoarthritis, and uveitis are examples of conditions characterized by local, intense inflammatory responses that can impede healing or even further tissue degradation. The most powerful anti-inflammatory drugs available are often administered systemically, but these carry significant side effects and are not compatible for patients that have underlying complications associated with their condition. Conjugation of monoclonal antibodies that neutralize pro-inflammatory cytokines to high molecular weig...
Source: Biomatter - November 20, 2015 Category: Biotechnology Tags: Biomatter Source Type: research
Biomaterials and bioengineering tomorrow's healthcare.
Authors: Jayasinghe SN
PMID: 23917216 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE] (Source: Biomatter)
Source: Biomatter - November 20, 2015 Category: Biotechnology Tags: Biomatter Source Type: research
Plasma functionalization of poly(vinyl alcohol) hydrogel for cell adhesion enhancement.
Authors: Ino JM, Chevallier P, Letourneur D, Mantovani D, Le Visage C
Abstract
Tailoring the interface interactions between a biomaterial and the surrounding tissue is a capital aspect to consider for the design of medical devices. Poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) hydrogels present suitable mechanical properties for various biological substitutes, however the lack of cell adhesion on their surface is often a problem. The common approach is to incorporate biomolecules, either by blending or coupling. But these modifications disrupt PVA intra- and intermolecular interactions leading therefore to a loss of its origi...
Source: Biomatter - November 20, 2015 Category: Biotechnology Tags: Biomatter Source Type: research
Strength retention behavior of oriented PLLA, 96L/4D PLA, and 80L/20D,L PLA.
Authors: Huttunen M, Kellomäki M
Abstract
The strength retention characteristics of oriented semicrystalline polylactides were monitored during hydrolytic degradation in vitro. The effects of the polymer type, the material's initial inherent viscosity (iv), the sample diameter and the residual monomer content on strength retention were analyzed. The analyzed polylactides had similar, but not identical, strength retention characteristics. It was concluded that a higher degree of initial crystallinity was a major variable determining the earlier and more profound strength loss of PLLA than 96L/4D PLA and 80...
Source: Biomatter - November 20, 2015 Category: Biotechnology Tags: Biomatter Source Type: research
Synergetic inactivation of Staphylococcus epidermidis and Streptococcus mutansin a TiO2/H2O2/UV system.
This study indicates that low concentrations of H2O2 can enhance the efficiency of photocatalytic TiO2 surfaces, which could potentially improve current techniques used for decontamination and debridement of TiO2 coated biomedical implants and devices.
PMID: 24135830 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE] (Source: Biomatter)
Source: Biomatter - November 20, 2015 Category: Biotechnology Tags: Biomatter Source Type: research
Influence of polymer addition on the mechanical properties of a premixed calcium phosphate cement.
In conclusion, small amounts of PLGA/PEG microparticles can be incorporated into premixed acidic calcium phosphate cement and increase their mechanical properties, which could lead to increased future applications.
PMID: 24270588 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE] (Source: Biomatter)
Source: Biomatter - November 20, 2015 Category: Biotechnology Tags: Biomatter Source Type: research
The mineralized collagen for the reconstruction of intra-articular calcaneal fractures with trabecular defects.
CONCLUSION: These results justify and favor the use of MC as a good autograft alternative in displaced intra-articular calcaneal fractures with trabecular defects.
PMID: 24270815 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE] (Source: Biomatter)
Source: Biomatter - November 20, 2015 Category: Biotechnology Tags: Biomatter Source Type: research
