Modulation of radiation sensitivity and antitumor immunity by viral pathogenic factors: Implications for radio-immunotherapy
Publication date: Available online 31 December 2018Source: Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Reviews on CancerAuthor(s): Franz Rödel, Daniel Martin, Panagiotis Balermpas, Ulrike Wieland, Ria Winkelmann, Thorsten Riekmann, Stephan Falk, Claus Rödel, Emmanouil FokasAbstractSeveral DNA viruses including Human Papillomavirus (HPV), Epstein-Barr virus (EBV), and Human Cytomegalovirus (HCMV) are mechanistically associated with the development of human cancers (HPV, EBV) and/or modulation of the immune system (HCMV). Moreover, a number of distinct mechanisms have been described regarding the modulation of tumor cell respons...
Source: Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) Reviews on Cancer - January 1, 2019 Category: Cancer & Oncology Source Type: research

The emerging role for Cullin 4 family of E3 ligases in tumorigenesis
Publication date: Available online 30 December 2018Source: Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Reviews on CancerAuthor(s): Ji Cheng, Jianping Guo, Brian J. North, Kaixiong Tao, Pengbo Zhou, Wenyi WeiAbstractAs a member of the Cullin-RING ligase family, Cullin-RING ligase 4 (CRL4) has drawn much attention due to its broad regulatory roles under physiological and pathological conditions, especially in neoplastic events. Based on evidence from knockout and transgenic mouse models, human clinical data, and biochemical interactions, we summarize the distinct roles of the CRL4 E3 ligase complexes in tumorigenesis, which appear...
Source: Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) Reviews on Cancer - December 31, 2018 Category: Cancer & Oncology Source Type: research

Genetic aberrations and alterations in signaling cascades implicated in the pathogenesis of anaplastic thyroid cancer
Publication date: Available online 31 December 2018Source: Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Reviews on CancerAuthor(s): Shikha Saini, Ajay V. Maker, Kenneth D. Burman, Bellur S. PrabhakarAbstractAnaplastic Thyroid Cancer (ATC) accounts for>40% thyroid cancer-related deaths and has a dismal prognosis. In the past decade, significant efforts have been made towards understanding the pathogenesis of this disease and developing novel therapeutics. Unfortunately, effective treatment is still lacking and a more thorough understanding of ATC pathogenesis may provide new opportunities to improve ATC therapeutics. This review p...
Source: Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) Reviews on Cancer - December 31, 2018 Category: Cancer & Oncology Source Type: research

Role of mesenchymal stromal cell-derived extracellular vesicles in tumour microenvironment
Publication date: Available online 30 December 2018Source: Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Reviews on CancerAuthor(s): A. Adamo, G. Dal Collo, R. Bazzoni, M. KramperaAbstractStromal cells, deriving from mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs), are crucial component of tumour microenvironment and represent key regulators of tumour processes. MSCs can be recruited to the tumour environment and interact with many cellular elements, thus influencing tumour biology. Cell-to-cell communication is in part mediated by the release of extracellular vesicle (EVs). EVs can induce significant molecular changes in recipient cells, delive...
Source: Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) Reviews on Cancer - December 30, 2018 Category: Cancer & Oncology Source Type: research

Piwi-interacting RNAs (piRNAs) and cancer: Emerging biological concepts and potential clinical implications
Publication date: Available online 30 December 2018Source: Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Reviews on CancerAuthor(s): Wenhao Weng, Hanhua Li, Ajay GoelAbstractPiwi-interacting RNAs (piRNAs) are a very recently discovered class of small non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs), with approximately 20,000 piRNA genes already identified within the human genome. These short RNAs were originally described as key functional regulators for the germline maintenance and transposon silencing. However, due to our limited knowledge regarding their function, piRNAs were for a long time assumed to be the “dark matter” of ncRNAs in our genome....
Source: Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) Reviews on Cancer - December 30, 2018 Category: Cancer & Oncology Source Type: research